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1.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38865574

RESUMO

Women living with human immunodeficiency virus are at an increased risk of developing cancers related to human papillomavirus (HPV). Thus, it is important to combine clinical assessments, serological screening, and HPV data for planning prevention policies. This study aimed to identify HPV and its specific types in the cervical, anal, and oral mucosa of HIV-seropositive women, associating it with viral load and lymphocyte count. Sociodemographic characteristics, health data (CD4+ and CD8+ T cell counts and viral load), and biological samples (cervical, anal, and oral) were collected from 86 HIV-positive women undergoing antiretroviral therapy. Data were classified according to the presence or absence of HPV-DNA, HPV-DNA presence at one or more anatomic sites, and level of oncogenic risk, considering low- and high-risk oncogenic HPV-DNA groups. The presence of HPV in the cervicovaginal site was 65.9%, 63.8% in anal canal, and 4.2% in oral mucosa. A viral load ≥75 HIV copies/mL was associated with the presence of HPV-DNA. There was an association between viral load and the low-risk HPV or high-risk HPV groups. We found a high prevalence of HPV infection in HIV-seropositive women, particularly in the cervical and anal mucosa, with viral load ≥75 HIV copies/mL being associated with HPV-DNA presence.


Assuntos
Colo do Útero , DNA Viral , Infecções por HIV , Infecções por Papillomavirus , Carga Viral , Humanos , Feminino , Infecções por Papillomavirus/complicações , Adulto , Infecções por HIV/complicações , Infecções por HIV/virologia , DNA Viral/análise , Colo do Útero/virologia , Papillomaviridae/genética , Papillomaviridae/isolamento & purificação , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Contagem de Linfócitos , Mucosa Bucal/virologia , Canal Anal/virologia , Prevalência , Estudos Transversais , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Contagem de Linfócito CD4 , Fatores de Risco , Papillomavirus Humano
2.
Cien Saude Colet ; 29(6): e09172023, 2024 Jun.
Artigo em Português, Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38896675

RESUMO

This study investigated access to health care among female prisoners in the state of Ceará, Brazil, and screened for common mental disorders. We conducted an analytical cross-sectional study in the only female prison in the state. Ninety detainees participated in the study. All participants were either pregnant or postpartum women or had one or more of the following health problems: hypertension, diabetes mellitus, tuberculosis, syphilis, hepatitis B, HIV/AIDS. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire. The findings reveal that access to health care was limited, violating the fundamental rights of the prisoners. Screening for diseases on admission to prison was limited, especially among non-pregnant women. Differences in health care were found between health conditions, with priority being given to pregnant and postpartum women. Most of the inmates (68.24%) were found to be at risk for common mental disorders (SRQ score > 7). A positive correlation was found between age and mental health problems (p = 0.0002). Despite legislation guaranteeing access to health care in prisons, the prison system is unprepared to meet the health needs of female prisoners with comorbidities and pregnant and puerperal women.


O estudo analisa o acesso ao cuidado em saúde de mulheres encarceradas no estado do Ceará, rastreando transtornos mentais comuns. Estudo analítico, transversal, de natureza quantitativa, desenvolvido na única penitenciária feminina do Ceará. Participaram 90 detentas, todas com alguma das seguintes questões de saúde: gestantes, puérperas, portadoras de hipertensão arterial sistêmica, diabetes mellitus, tuberculose, sífilis, hepatite B ou HIV/Aids. Os dados foram coletados por entrevista estruturada. Evidenciou-se acesso limitado à atenção à saúde das detentas, violando direitos básicos sob tutela do Estado. Foram constatadas limitações de exames de rastreamento de doenças nas presidiárias na ocasião de seu acesso ao cárcere, principalmente as que não se encontravam grávidas no momento do encarceramento. Houve diferenças entre as distintas condições de saúde analisadas, com prioridade da atenção às gestantes e puérperas. Entre as detentas, 68,24% apresentavam risco de transtornos mentais comuns (SRQ > 7). Houve correlação positiva entre idade e saúde mental (p = 0,0002). Embora exista legislação pertinente de garantia de acesso à saúde no cárcere, o sistema prisional está despreparado para atender às necessidades de portadoras de comorbidades, gestantes e puérperas.


Assuntos
Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde , Transtornos Mentais , Prisioneiros , Prisões , Humanos , Brasil/epidemiologia , Feminino , Prisioneiros/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Transversais , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto , Transtornos Mentais/epidemiologia , Gravidez , Adulto Jovem , Inquéritos e Questionários , Prisões/estatística & dados numéricos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Período Pós-Parto , Programas de Rastreamento , Adolescente , Complicações na Gravidez/epidemiologia , Fatores Etários
3.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 29(6): e09172023, Jun. 2024. tab
Artigo em Português | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1557522

RESUMO

Resumo O estudo analisa o acesso ao cuidado em saúde de mulheres encarceradas no estado do Ceará, rastreando transtornos mentais comuns. Estudo analítico, transversal, de natureza quantitativa, desenvolvido na única penitenciária feminina do Ceará. Participaram 90 detentas, todas com alguma das seguintes questões de saúde: gestantes, puérperas, portadoras de hipertensão arterial sistêmica, diabetes mellitus, tuberculose, sífilis, hepatite B ou HIV/Aids. Os dados foram coletados por entrevista estruturada. Evidenciou-se acesso limitado à atenção à saúde das detentas, violando direitos básicos sob tutela do Estado. Foram constatadas limitações de exames de rastreamento de doenças nas presidiárias na ocasião de seu acesso ao cárcere, principalmente as que não se encontravam grávidas no momento do encarceramento. Houve diferenças entre as distintas condições de saúde analisadas, com prioridade da atenção às gestantes e puérperas. Entre as detentas, 68,24% apresentavam risco de transtornos mentais comuns (SRQ > 7). Houve correlação positiva entre idade e saúde mental (p = 0,0002). Embora exista legislação pertinente de garantia de acesso à saúde no cárcere, o sistema prisional está despreparado para atender às necessidades de portadoras de comorbidades, gestantes e puérperas.


Abstract This study investigated access to health care among female prisoners in the state of Ceará, Brazil, and screened for common mental disorders. We conducted an analytical cross-sectional study in the only female prison in the state. Ninety detainees participated in the study. All participants were either pregnant or postpartum women or had one or more of the following health problems: hypertension, diabetes mellitus, tuberculosis, syphilis, hepatitis B, HIV/AIDS. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire. The findings reveal that access to health care was limited, violating the fundamental rights of the prisoners. Screening for diseases on admission to prison was limited, especially among non-pregnant women. Differences in health care were found between health conditions, with priority being given to pregnant and postpartum women. Most of the inmates (68.24%) were found to be at risk for common mental disorders (SRQ score > 7). A positive correlation was found between age and mental health problems (p = 0.0002). Despite legislation guaranteeing access to health care in prisons, the prison system is unprepared to meet the health needs of female prisoners with comorbidities and pregnant and puerperal women.

4.
Int J Mol Sci ; 25(9)2024 Apr 25.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38731918

RESUMO

In the age of information technology and the additional computational search tools and software available, this systematic review aimed to identify potential therapeutic targets for obesity, evaluated in silico and subsequently validated in vivo. The systematic review was initially guided by the research question "What therapeutic targets have been used in in silico analysis for the treatment of obesity?" and structured based on the acronym PECo (P, problem; E, exposure; Co, context). The systematic review protocol was formulated and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022353808) in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items Checklist for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P), and the PRISMA was followed for the systematic review. The studies were selected according to the eligibility criteria, aligned with PECo, in the following databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science, BVS, and EMBASE. The search strategy yielded 1142 articles, from which, based on the evaluation criteria, 12 were included in the systematic review. Only seven these articles allowed the identification of both in silico and in vivo reassessed therapeutic targets. Among these targets, five were exclusively experimental, one was exclusively theoretical, and one of the targets presented an experimental portion and a portion obtained by modeling. The predominant methodology used was molecular docking and the most studied target was Human Pancreatic Lipase (HPL) (n = 4). The lack of methodological details resulted in more than 50% of the papers being categorized with an "unclear risk of bias" across eight out of the eleven evaluated criteria. From the current systematic review, it seems evident that integrating in silico methodologies into studies of potential drug targets for the exploration of new therapeutic agents provides an important tool, given the ongoing challenges in controlling obesity.


Assuntos
Simulação por Computador , Obesidade , Humanos , Obesidade/tratamento farmacológico , Obesidade/metabolismo , Animais , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Fármacos Antiobesidade/farmacologia , Fármacos Antiobesidade/uso terapêutico , Lipase/metabolismo , Lipase/antagonistas & inibidores , Terapia de Alvo Molecular/métodos
5.
Pharmaceutics ; 16(5)2024 May 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38794277

RESUMO

This review outlines the evolutionary journey from traditional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture to the revolutionary field of organ-on-a-chip technology. Organ-on-a-chip technology integrates microfluidic systems to mimic the complex physiological environments of human organs, surpassing the limitations of conventional 2D cultures. This evolution has opened new possibilities for understanding cell-cell interactions, cellular responses, drug screening, and disease modeling. However, the design and manufacture of microchips significantly influence their functionality, reliability, and applicability to different biomedical applications. Therefore, it is important to carefully consider design parameters, including the number of channels (single, double, or multi-channels), the channel shape, and the biological context. Simultaneously, the selection of appropriate materials compatible with the cells and fabrication methods optimize the chips' capabilities for specific applications, mitigating some disadvantages associated with these systems. Furthermore, the success of organ-on-a-chip platforms greatly depends on the careful selection and utilization of cell resources. Advances in stem cell technology and tissue engineering have contributed to the availability of diverse cell sources, facilitating the development of more accurate and reliable organ-on-a-chip models. In conclusion, a holistic perspective of in vitro cellular modeling is provided, highlighting the integration of microfluidic technology and meticulous chip design, which play a pivotal role in replicating organ-specific microenvironments. At the same time, the sensible use of cell resources ensures the fidelity and applicability of these innovative platforms in several biomedical applications.

6.
Heliyon ; 10(9): e29609, 2024 May 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38756580

RESUMO

Fresh vegetables have high water content and low acidity, so drying can extend shelf life, allowing the obtaining of alternative flours for the development of new products. The study aimed to investigate the influence of the melon harvest and off-season on the chemical composition of melon (Cantaloupe, Charentais e Honey Dew) flours and the potential application in products. The flours were evaluated for granulometry, morphology, centesimal composition, lipid and mineral content, total phenolic compound (TPC), antioxidant activity, and technological properties. Cakes containing melon flour were produced to replace wheat flour (0, 25, and 50 %) and evaluated for proximate composition, microbiology, and sensory parameters. Flours were classified as fine-grained (MESH >16), except Charentais off-season (medium - MESH 8-16, and fine-grained - MESH >16), and all presented a rough surface and minimal cell wall ruptures. The harvest homogeneously influenced the humidity, as all the off-season flours showed higher levels [17-22 %] (p < 0.05) due to weather conditions. For TPC, Cantaloupe melon flours from the harvest (CFH) [208 mg/100 g] and off-season [877 mg/100 g] stood out (p < 0.05), and the latter showed greater antioxidant potential [328 µmol TE/g]. Palmitic, linoleic, and linolenic acid stood out in all flours, and potassium for minerals (63-78 %) in the harvest and off-season. The harvest and off-season specifically influenced the flour of each variety in swelling power, water solubility, oil absorption, and emulsifying capacity. For cakes with CFH, no thermotolerant coliforms and Escherichia coli were detected, and the mesophilic count was <1.0 CFU/g. The ash, protein, lipid, and fiber contents increased proportionally to melon flour addition (p < 0.05). Sensory acceptance was high for cakes containing 25 and 50 % of CFH [82.78 % and 82.53 %], and most consumers would likely buy the products (4.04 and 3.99) (p < 0.05). The study contributed to knowledge about the seasonality effect and demonstrated the potential use of melon flour in developing new products.

7.
Int. braz. j. urol ; 50(2): 164-177, Mar.-Apr. 2024. graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1558065

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the surgical anatomy of the kidney collecting system through a narrative review of the literature, highlighting its importance during diagnosis and its approach during surgical procedures for the treatment of renal stones. Material and Methods: We carried out a review about the anatomy of the kidney collecting system. We analyzed papers published in the past 40 years in the databases Pubmed, Embase and Scielo, and we included only papers in English and excluded case reports, editorials and opinions of specialists. Results: Renal collecting system could be divided in four groups: A1 - kidney midzone (KM), drained by minor calyx that are dependent on the superior or the inferior caliceal groups; A2 - KM drained by crossed calyx, one draining into the superior caliceal group and another draining into the inferior caliceal group; B1 - KM drained by a major caliceal group independent of both the superior and inferior groups; and B2 - KM drained by minor calyx entering directly into the renal pelvis. Some details and anatomic variations of the collecting system are related to clinical and radiological aspects, particularly perpendicular calyces, interpyelocalyx space, position of calyces in relation to renal border, classification of the renal collecting system, infundibular diameter and the angle between the lower infundibulum and renal pelvis. Conclusion: The knowledge of intra-renal collecting system divisions and variations as the angle between the renal pelvis and lower infundibula, position of the calices in relationship with renal edge and the diameter and position of the calyces are important for the planning of minimally invasive renal surgeries.

8.
RECIIS (Online) ; 18(1)jan.-mar. 2024.
Artigo em Português | LILACS, Coleciona SUS | ID: biblio-1553570

RESUMO

O ensino remoto emergencial ocasionou mudanças no processo de ensino-aprendizagem, requisitando criatividade e incorporação de novas estratégias pedagógicas. Aqui, o objetivo é descrever a experiência de ensino-aprendizagem na disciplina educação em saúde, no contexto da pandemia de covid-19. Trata-se de um relato de experiência sobre o ensino remoto de educação em saúde no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva da Universidade Estadual do Ceará, no período letivo 2021.1. A disciplina foi ministrada por meio da plataforma Google Meet®, adotando-se estratégias ativas de ensino-aprendizagem. Os conteúdos mostraram--se relevantes. Ademais, a experiência promoveu a articulação teórico-prática, valorizou os saberes prévios dos pós-graduandos e estimulou a interatividade. Buscou-se superar o modelo tradicional de ensino, com vistas a propiciar autonomia e uma aprendizagem significativa. Os desafios encontrados e as possibilidades identificadas permitem a reflexão sobre a práxis docente, no que tange ao estímulo à participação e ao engajamento discente em ambiente virtual, além da incorporação de estratégias ativas de ensino, sobretudo no ensino remoto.


Emergency remote teaching caused changes in the teaching-learning process, requiring creativity and the incorporation of new pedagogical strategies. Here, the objective is to describe the teaching-learning experience in the health education discipline, in the context of the covid-19 pandemic. This is an experience report on remote teaching of health education in the postgraduate program in public health, at the Ceará State University, Brazil, in the 2021.1 academic period. The classes were given using the Google Meet® platform, adopting active teaching-learning strategies. The contents proved to be relevant. Moreover, the experience promoted theoretical-practical articulation, valued the prior knowledge of the postgraduate students and encouraged interactivity. We sought to overcome the traditional teaching model, in order to provide autonomy and a meaningful learning. The challenges experienced and the possibilities identified allow reflection on teaching practice in terms of encouraging student participation and engagement in a virtual environment, in addition to the incorporation of active teaching strategies in especially remote teaching.


La educación remota de emergencia provocó cambios en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, requiriendo creatividad y la incorporación de nuevas estrategias pedagógicas. El objetivo aquí es describir la experiencia de enseñanza-aprendizaje en la disciplina educación para la salud, en el contexto de la pandemia covid-19. Se trata de un relato de experiencia sobre la enseñanza remota de educación para la salud en el programa de posgrado en Salud Pública, de la Universidad Estadual de Ceará, en el período académico 2021.1. El curso se impartió utilizando la plataforma Google Meet®, adoptando estrategias activas de enseñanza-aprendi-zaje. Los contenidos han demonstrado ser relevantes. Además, la experiencia fomentó la articulación teó-rico-práctica, valoró los conocimientos previos de los estudiantes de posgrado y impulsó la interactividad. Buscamos superar el modelo de enseñanza tradicional, con el propósito de proporcionar autonomía y un aprendizaje significativo. Los desafíos enfrentados y las posibilidades identificadas permiten reflexionar sobre la práctica docente, en relación a incentivar la participación y el compromiso de los estudiantes en un ambiente virtual, además de la incorporación de estrategias activas en la enseñanza remota.


Assuntos
Ensino , Educação em Saúde , Educação a Distância , COVID-19 , Saúde Pública , Educação , Mídias Sociais , Aprendizagem
9.
Nutrients ; 16(5)2024 Feb 23.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38474735

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Obesity results from interactions between environmental factors, lifestyle, and genetics. In this scenario, nutritional genomics and nutrigenetic tests stand out, with the promise of helping patients avoid or treat obesity. This narrative review investigates whether nutrigenetic tests may help to prevent or treat obesity. Scientific studies in PubMed Science Direct were reviewed, focusing on using nutrigenetic tests in obesity. The work showed that few studies address the use of tools in obesity. However, most of the studies listed reported their beneficial effects in weight loss. Ethical conflicts were also discussed, as in most countries, there are no regulations to standardize these tools, and there needs to be more scientific knowledge for health professionals who interpret them. International Societies, such as the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics and the Brazilian Association for the Study of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome, do not recommend nutrigenetic tests to prevent or treat obesity, especially in isolation. Advancing nutrigenetics depends on strengthening three pillars: regulation between countries, scientific evidence with clinical validity, and professional training.


Assuntos
Dietética , Nutrigenômica , Humanos , Nutrigenômica/métodos , Estado Nutricional , Obesidade , Brasil
10.
Int Braz J Urol ; 50(2): 164-177, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38386787

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the surgical anatomy of the kidney collecting system through a narrative review of the literature, highlighting its importance during diagnosis and its approach during surgical procedures for the treatment of renal stones. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We carried out a review about the anatomy of the kidney collecting system. We analyzed papers published in the past 40 years in the databases Pubmed, Embase and Scielo, and we included only papers in English and excluded case reports, editorials and opinions of specialists. RESULTS: Renal collecting system could be divided in four groups: A1 - kidney midzone (KM), drained by minor calyx that are dependent on the superior or the inferior caliceal groups; A2 - KM drained by crossed calyx, one draining into the superior caliceal group and another draining into the inferior caliceal group; B1 - KM drained by a major caliceal group independent of both the superior and inferior groups; and B2 - KM drained by minor calyx entering directly into the renal pelvis. Some details and anatomic variations of the collecting system are related to clinical and radiological aspects, particularly perpendicular calyces, interpyelocalyx space, position of calyces in relation to renal border, classification of the renal collecting system, infundibular diameter and the angle between the lower infundibulum and renal pelvis. CONCLUSION: The knowledge of intra-renal collecting system divisions and variations as the angle between the renal pelvis and lower infundibula, position of the calices in relationship with renal edge and the diameter and position of the calyces are important for the planning of minimally invasive renal surgeries.


Assuntos
Cálculos Renais , Rim , Humanos , Rim/diagnóstico por imagem , Rim/cirurgia , Cálices Renais/diagnóstico por imagem , Cálices Renais/cirurgia , Pelve Renal/diagnóstico por imagem , Pelve Renal/cirurgia , Cálculos Renais/diagnóstico por imagem , Cálculos Renais/cirurgia , Bases de Dados Factuais
11.
Cureus ; 16(1): e53106, 2024 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38414695

RESUMO

Thoracic disc herniation is infrequent and presents a unique set of challenges for both diagnosis and treatment. It is an underdiagnosed entity, mainly due to the non-specific clinical manifestations. Different techniques are used for surgical treatment. This case describes a case of symptomatic thoracic disc herniation in a healthy young woman from diagnosis to surgical treatment, and it shows the importance of clinical integration and imaging studies of these cases.

12.
Biomedicines ; 12(1)2024 Jan 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38255281

RESUMO

Antibiotics comprise one of the most successful groups of pharmaceutical products. Still, they have been associated with developing bacterial resistance, which has become one of the most severe problems threatening human health today. This context has prompted the development of new antibiotics or co-treatments using innovative tools to reverse the resistance context, combat infections, and offer promising antibacterial therapy. For the development of new alternatives, strategies, and/or antibiotics for controlling bacterial growth, it is necessary to know the target bacteria, their classification, morphological characteristics, the antibiotics currently used for therapies, and their respective mechanisms of action. In this regard, genomics, through the sequencing of bacterial genomes, has generated information on diverse genetic resources, aiding in the discovery of new molecules or antibiotic compounds. Nanotechnology has been applied to propose new antimicrobials, revitalize existing drug options, and use strategic encapsulating agents with their biochemical characteristics, making them more effective against various bacteria. Advanced knowledge in bacterial sequencing contributes to the construction of databases, resulting in advances in bioinformatics and the development of new antimicrobials. Moreover, it enables in silico antimicrobial susceptibility testing without the need to cultivate the pathogen, reducing costs and time. This review presents new antibiotics and biomedical and technological innovations studied in recent years to develop or improve natural or synthetic antimicrobial agents to reduce bacterial growth, promote well-being, and benefit users.

13.
Child Abuse Negl ; 147: 106575, 2024 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38041965

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Mother-child discrepancies frequently occur in reports of child physical abuse. Such report discrepancies raise important challenges for interpreting and integrating data from multiple informants in forensic and clinical settings. OBJECTIVES: The main goal of this study was to identify patterns of mother-child discrepancies in reporting CPA using latent profile analysis. We then tested differences between profiles on mothers' mental health problems and children's internalizing and externalizing symptoms. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING: Participants were 159 mother-child dyads with police-documented exposure to intimate partner violence. METHOD: Participants were recruited from Child Protective Services and shelter residences from all regions of Portugal. After obtaining informed consent, assessment protocols were administered separately to mothers and children. RESULTS: We identified two convergent profiles (mother-child agreement on reports of both high and low exposure to CPA) and one divergent profile (the child reported significantly higher exposure to CPA than the mother). Mothers from the divergent profile reported more depressive and post-traumatic stress symptoms than mothers from the convergent profiles. Children of the divergent profile and one of the convergent profiles (mother-child agreement on high exposure to CPA) showed the highest internalizing and externalizing symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: These results illustrate how examining informant discrepancies in the assessment of abusive parenting practices increases our understanding of children's psychological adjustment in high-risk contexts.


Assuntos
Maus-Tratos Infantis , Abuso Físico , Feminino , Criança , Humanos , Poder Familiar/psicologia , Maus-Tratos Infantis/psicologia , Mães/psicologia , Relações Mãe-Filho
14.
Psicol. soc. (Online) ; 36: e276395, 2024.
Artigo em Português | LILACS-Express | LILACS, Index Psicologia - Periódicos | ID: biblio-1558787

RESUMO

Resumo: A partir de uma perspectiva decolonial, o objetivo da pesquisa foi compreender os lugares do negro na Psicanálise atualmente. Para isto, foram realizadas 13 entrevistas semiestruturadas com psicólogas e psicanalistas negras com prática clínica. A partir de análise categorial-temática, identificamos quatro categorias: escolha da Psicanálise, articulações entre Psicanálise e relações raciais, descobrindo-se negra e a cor da Psicanálise e das (não) psicanalistas. Diante do reconhecimento das limitações da Psicanálise, foi a experiência vivida do negro o motor de deslocamento ontológico que viabilizou desobediências epistêmicas configuradas na articulação da Psicanálise com teorias sociais. Este resultado evidencia o entrelaçamento da colonialidade do saber e do ser na matriz colonial do poder e enfatiza a desobediência ontológica como via fundamental para práticas psis antirracistas.


Resumen: Desde una perspectiva decolonial, el objetivo de la investigación fue comprender los lugares de las personas negras en el Psicoanálisis hoy. Para ello, se realizaron 13 entrevistas semiestructuradas a psicólogas y psicoanalistas negras con práctica clínica. A partir de un análisis categorial-temático identificamos cuatro categorías: elección del Psicoanálisis, articulaciones entre Psicoanálisis y relaciones raciales, descubrirse negra y el color del Psicoanálisis y de las (no) psicoanalistas. Dado el reconocimiento de las limitaciones del Psicoanálisis, fue la experiencia vivida por las personas negras el motor del desplazamiento ontológico que permitió la desobediencia epistémica configurada en la articulación del Psicoanálisis con las teorías sociales. Este resultado resalta el entrelazamiento de la colonialidad del conocimiento y el estar en la matriz colonial de poder y enfatiza la desobediencia ontológica como un camino fundamental hacia las prácticas psi antirracistas.


Abstract: From a decolonial perspective, the aim of the research was to understand the places of black people in Psychoanalysis today. For this, 13 semi-structured interviews were carried out with black psychologists and psychoanalysts with clinical practice. From a categorical-thematic analysis, we identified four categories: choosing Psychoanalysis, articulating Psychoanalysis and racial relations, discovering oneself as black and the color of Psychoanalysis and of (non) psychoanalysts. Given the recognition of Psychoanalysis's constraints, it was the lived experience of black people that was the engine of ontological displacement that enabled epistemic disobedience configured in the articulation of Psychoanalysis with social theories. This result highlights the intertwining of the coloniality of knowledge and being in the colonial matrix of power, emphasizing ontological disobedience as a fundamental path to anti-racist psychological practices.

15.
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1559117

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Women living with human immunodeficiency virus are at an increased risk of developing cancers related to human papillomavirus (HPV). Thus, it is important to combine clinical assessments, serological screening, and HPV data for planning prevention policies. This study aimed to identify HPV and its specific types in the cervical, anal, and oral mucosa of HIV-seropositive women, associating it with viral load and lymphocyte count. Sociodemographic characteristics, health data (CD4+ and CD8+ T cell counts and viral load), and biological samples (cervical, anal, and oral) were collected from 86 HIV-positive women undergoing antiretroviral therapy. Data were classified according to the presence or absence of HPV-DNA, HPV-DNA presence at one or more anatomic sites, and level of oncogenic risk, considering low- and high-risk oncogenic HPV-DNA groups. The presence of HPV in the cervicovaginal site was 65.9%, 63.8% in anal canal, and 4.2% in oral mucosa. A viral load ≥75 HIV copies/mL was associated with the presence of HPV-DNA. There was an association between viral load and the low-risk HPV or high-risk HPV groups. We found a high prevalence of HPV infection in HIV-seropositive women, particularly in the cervical and anal mucosa, with viral load ≥75 HIV copies/mL being associated with HPV-DNA presence.

16.
Artigo em Português | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1550769

RESUMO

Resumo Objetivo Discutir sobre a promoção da saúde da pessoa idosa por meio da intergeracionalidade, com ênfase na educação intergeracional nos Programas Intergeracionais, como uma proposta de educação para o protagonismo da pessoa idosa e o envelhecimento bem-sucedido. Método Ensaio teórico, de cunho reflexivo com abordagem qualitativa. Embasando-se na leitura de documentos que reforçam o aumento da longevidade e a preocupação com a promoção da saúde para a pessoa idosa no Brasil, a fim de refletir sobre a intergeracionalidade na promoção da saúde e a utilização da educação intergeracional para promover o envelhecimento bem-sucedido, por meio dos Programas Intergeracionais. Resultados Organizaram-se em três tópicos: Promoção da saúde da pessoa idosa: desafios para o seu protagonismo; Compreensão sobre envelhecimento para a aprendizagem intergeracional; Programa intergeracional: protagonismo para a promoção da saúde da pessoa idosa. Conclusão Experiências exitosas na saúde, especificamente nos espaços ocupados pela Atenção Primária à Saúde ainda se mostram restritas ou pouco visualizadas para a construção de uma educação transformadora para a promoção da saúde da pessoa idosa. O desafio é fomentar pesquisas científicas, para que os profissionais, a partir da educação permanente, possam potencializar os momentos de educação em saúde a partir da educação intergeracional, sendo assim, a construção e implementação de Programas Intergeracionais podem representar essa possibilidade.


Abstract Objective To discuss the promotion of health for older adults through intergenerationality, with an emphasis on intergenerational education within Intergenerational Programs, as a proposal for education fostering the protagonism of older adults and successful aging. Method Theoretical essay, reflective in nature with a qualitative approach. Grounded in the examination of documents emphasizing the increase in longevity and the concern for health promotion among older adults in Brazil, the aim is to contemplate intergenerationality in health promotion and the utilization of intergenerational education to foster successful aging through Intergenerational Programs. Results Organized into three topics: Health promotion for older adults: challenges for their protagonism; Understanding aging for intergenerational learning; Intergenerational program: protagonism for the health promotion of older adults. Conclusion Successful experiences in health, specifically within the realms of Primary Health Care, still appear to be limited or insufficiently recognized for the development of transformative education in health promotion for older adults. The challenge lies in fostering scientific research so that professionals, through continuous education, can enhance health education moments through intergenerational education. Thus, the establishment and implementation of Intergenerational Programs may represent this promising possibility.

17.
Rev Enferm UFPI ; 12(1): e4228, 2023-12-12. tab
Artigo em Inglês, Português | LILACS, BDENF - Enfermagem | ID: biblio-1523908

RESUMO

Objetivo: Analisar o impacto da cobertura da Atenção Primária à Saúde, Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano e Bolsa Família na ocorrência de casos, óbitos e letalidade por COVID-19 no Nordeste brasileiro. Método: Estudo descritivo, de caráter transversal, com dados extraídos das plataformas estaduais da COVID-19, Sistema de Informação em Saúde para Atenção Básica e Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada. Foram utilizados testes de correlação de Spearman e Kruskal-Wallis. Resultados:Verificou-se que foram notificados 483.793 casos confirmados de COVID-19 e 19.307 óbitos por esse agravo no Nordeste brasileiro. Com relação à ocorrência da COVID-19, o Estado do Ceará apresentou maior taxa de casos (1200,83/100.000 habitantes). Observou-se que quanto maior cobertura da ESF maior identificação da ocorrência de casos confirmados (r=0,855 e p-valor=0,002) e óbitos (r=0,818 e p-valor=0,004) por COVID-19. Conclusão: A Estratégia Saúde da Família é um modelo organizativo da Atenção Primária à Saúde potente para enfrentamento da pandemia, a partir da prevenção, rastreamento entre grupos mais vulneráveis, identificação e notificação dos casos e óbitos por COVID-19. Descritores: Atenção Primária à Saúde; Cobertura de Serviços de Saúde; Indicadores de Desenvolvimento; Infecções por Coronavírus; Programas Sociais.


Objective:To analyze the impact of the coverage of Primary Health Care, Human Development Index and Bolsa Família on the occurrence of cases, deaths and lethality due to COVID-19 in the Brazilian Northeast. Method:Descriptive, cross-sectional study, with data extracted from the state platforms for COVID-19, the Health Information System for Primary Care and the Institute for Applied Economic Research. Spearman and Kruskal-Wallis correlation tests were used. Results:It was found that 483,793 confirmed cases of COVID-19 and 19,307 deaths from this condition were reported in the Brazilian Northeast. Regarding the occurrence of COVID-19, the State of Ceará had the highest rate of cases (1200.83/100,000 inhabitants). It was observed that the greater the coverage of FHS, the greater the number of confirmed cases (r=0.855 and p-value=0.002) and deaths (r=0.818 and p-value=0.004) due to COVID-19. Conclusion:The Family Health Strategy is an organizational model of Primary Health Care powerful to cope with the pandemic, based on prevention, tracking among the most vulnerable groups, identification and notification of cases and deaths due to COVID-19.Descriptors:Primary Health Care; Health Services Coverage; Development Indicators; Coronavirus Infections; Social Programs.


Assuntos
Atenção Primária à Saúde , Cobertura de Serviços de Saúde , Infecções por Coronavirus , Indicadores de Desenvolvimento , Programas Sociais
18.
Rev. Odontol. Araçatuba (Impr.) ; 44(3): 74-80, set.-dez. 2023. ilus
Artigo em Português | LILACS, BBO - Odontologia | ID: biblio-1553234

RESUMO

A extração do elemento dentário promove uma série de eventos biológicos que resultam no colapso da estrutura alveolar, ocasionando a perda óssea volumétrica na região de extração. Preservar esse alvéolo dentário é imprescindível para uma boa reabilitação dentária do paciente. Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão de literatura abordando os objetivos, opções técnicas, vantagens e desvantagens da preservação óssea alveolar pós extração. Materiais e métodos: Foi feita uma revisão de literatura utilizando as bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), PubMed e Google acadêmico, usando os descritores "extração dentária", "perda do osso alveolar", "regeneração óssea". Foram incluídos 34 artigos. Resultados: A preservação alveolar pós extração começa desde a realização de uma técnica cirúrgica menos invasiva até a colocação de enxertos do tipo autógenos, alógenos, xenógenos, aloplásticos e biomateriais promotores de cicatrização e reparação tecidual. Conclusão: Existe na literatura atual uma vasta gama de textos científicos que abordam técnicas de preservação alveolar pós exodontia, com distintas respostas teciduais. Todavia, nenhum biomaterial listado nesta revisão contém todas as características que proporcionam regeneração completa do osso alveolar após exodontia(AU)


The extraction of the dental element promotes a series of biological events that results in the collapse of the alveolar structure, causing volumetric bone loss in the region of extraction. Preserving this dental alveolus is essential for a good dental rehabilitation of the patient. Objective: To conduct a literature review addressing the objectives, technical options, advantages and disadvantages of post-extraction alveolar bone preservation. Materials and methods: A literature review was carried out using the Virtual Health Library (VHL), PubMed and academic Google databases, using the descriptors "tooth extraction", "alveolar bone loss", "bone regeneration". 34 articles were included. Results: Post-extraction alveolar preservation starts from the performance of a less invasive surgical technique to the placement of autogenous, allogeneic, xenogeneic, alloplastic and biomaterials that promote healing and tissue repair. Conclusion: There´s is a wide range of scientific texts in the current literature that address post-extraction alveolar preservation techniques with different tissue responses. However, none of the biomaterials listed in this review contain all the characteristics that provide complete regeneration of alveolar bone after extraction(AU)


Assuntos
Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Bucais , Alvéolo Dental
19.
Rev Enferm UFPI ; 12(1): e4228, 2023-12-12. tab e graf
Artigo em Inglês, Português | LILACS, BDENF - Enfermagem | ID: biblio-1523999

RESUMO

Objetivo: Analisar o impacto da cobertura da Atenção Primária à Saúde, Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano e Bolsa Família na ocorrência de casos, óbitos e letalidade por COVID-19 no Nordeste brasileiro. Método: Estudo descritivo, de caráter transversal, com dados extraídos das plataformas estaduais da COVID-19, Sistema de Informação em Saúde para Atenção Básica e Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada. Foram utilizados testes de correlação de Spearman e Kruskal-Wallis. Resultados: Verificou-se que foram notificados 483.793 casos confirmados de COVID-19 e 19.307 óbitos por esse agravo no Nordeste brasileiro. Com relação à ocorrência da COVID-19, o Estado do Ceará apresentou maior taxa de casos (1200,83/100.000 habitantes). Observou-se que quanto maior cobertura da ESF maior identificação da ocorrência de casos confirmados (r=0,855 e p-valor=0,002) e óbitos (r=0,818 e p-valor=0,004) por COVID-19. Conclusão: A Estratégia Saúde da Família é um modelo organizativo da Atenção Primária à Saúde potente para enfrentamento da pandemia, a partir da prevenção, rastreamento entre grupos mais vulneráveis, identificação e notificação dos casos e óbitos por COVID-19. Descritores: Atenção Primária à Saúde; Cobertura de Serviços de Saúde; Indicadores de Desenvolvimento; Infecções por Coronavírus; Programas Sociais.


Objective:To analyze the impact of the coverage of Primary Health Care, Human Development Index and Bolsa Família on the occurrence of cases, deaths and lethality due to COVID-19 in the Brazilian Northeast. Method:Descriptive, cross-sectional study, with data extracted from the state platforms for COVID-19, the Health Information System for Primary Care and the Institute for Applied Economic Research. Spearman and Kruskal-Wallis correlation tests were used. Results:It was found that 483,793 confirmed cases of COVID-19 and 19,307 deaths from this condition were reported in the Brazilian Northeast. Regarding the occurrence of COVID-19, the State of Ceará had the highest rate of cases (1200.83/100,000 inhabitants). It was observed that the greater the coverage of FHS, the greater the number of confirmed cases (r=0.855 and p-value=0.002) and deaths (r=0.818 and p-value=0.004) due to COVID-19. Conclusion:The Family Health Strategy is an organizational model of Primary Health Care powerful to cope with the pandemic, based on prevention, tracking among the most vulnerable groups, identification and notification of cases and deaths due to COVID-19. Descriptors: Primary Health Care; Health Services Coverage; Development Indicators; Coronavirus Infections; Social Programs


Assuntos
Atenção Primária à Saúde , Cobertura de Serviços de Saúde , Infecções por Coronavirus , Indicadores de Desenvolvimento , Programas Sociais
20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37999756

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of 10 mg/kg/week of nandrolone decanoate (DECA - Deca Durabolin®) on body composition, hormonal levels, spermatic parameters, redox status, and morphometric parameters of testicle and epididymis; furthermore, the fertility capacity of Wistar rats was measured thought in vitro fertilization (IVF). The animals (n = 16) were divided into two groups: control group (CTRL, n = 8), which received only vehicle composed by peanut oil and 10% of the benzoic alcohol and nandrolone decanoate group (DECA, n = 8), which received intramuscular injections of DECA for 8 weeks, both groups were treated for 8 weeks. The results demonstrate significative decrease in visceral fat, testosterone levels, and thiol content on epididymis, reduction on normal sperm parameters, and deleterious effect on testicles and epididymis tissue morphology showing reduction of germ height and luminal diameter on the DECA group. Thus, it can be concluded that high doses of nandrolone decanoate impairs male reproductive parameters.

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