Antimicrobial Effect of Copper Nanoparticles on Relevant Supragingival Oral Bacteria.

Copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) show promise in dentistry for combating bacterial dysbiosis and tooth decay. Understanding their effects on commensal versus pathogenic bacteria is vital for maintaining oral health balance. While Cu NPs demonstrate antibacterial properties against various oral bacteria, including common pathogens associated with tooth decay, their impact on commensal bacteria requires careful examination. In our work, we analyzed three types of Cu NPs for their effects on the growth, viability, and biofilm formation of representative caries-associated and commensal oral bacteria. S. sanguinis showed high tolerance to all Cu NPs, while L. rhamnosus was highly sensitive. Oxide-Cu NPs exhibited a stronger inhibitory effect on pathobionts compared with commensal bacteria. Moreover, the biofilm formation of the key cariogenic bacteria S. mutans was reduced, with minimal negative effects on commensal species' biofilm formation. All our results showed that CuO nanoparticles (CuO NPs) exhibit reduced toxicity toward commensal bacteria growth and development but have a strong impact on pathogens. This suggests their potential for targeted treatments against pathogenic bacteria, which could help in maintaining the balance of the oral bacterial community.

Reduced C-reactive protein levels after root canal treatment in clinically healthy young apical periodontitis individuals at cardiovascular risk. A prospective study.

AIM: To determine the systemic inflammatory burden, including hsCRP and its monomeric forms, in patients with apical lesions of endodontic origin treated with root canal treatment (RCT). METHODOLOGY: Prospective pre-/post-study. Apical periodontitis (AP) individuals aged 16-40 were included (N = 29). Individuals received RCT and were followed at 1 and 6 months. Fasting blood samples were obtained. Apical lesions of endodontic origin (ALEO) diameter (mm), and periapical index (PAI), were recorded. The serum concentrations of total hsCRP were determined by turbidimetry. Tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, IL-1ß, and soluble (s) E-selectin were assessed by Multiplex assay. Additionally, mCRP forms were determined in the serum of AP patients with a baseline moderate to high cardiovascular risk based on hsCRP stratification (hsCRP ≥1 mg/L) by immunowestern blot (n = 15). Also, CRP isoforms were explored in ALEOs from AP individuals (n = 4). Data were analysed with StataV16. RESULTS: Periapical index and ALEO sizes were reduced at both follow-up visits after RCT (p < .05). Serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, IL-1ß, and sE-selectin did not show significant differences. CRP was borderline reduced at 1 month (p = .04); however, in AP individuals at cardiovascular risk (hsCRP ≥ 1 mg/L), hsCRP and its monomeric isoform significantly decreased at 1 and 6 months (p < .05). CONCLUSIONS: High-sensitivity CRP and mCRP are reduced after RCT in AP individuals at cardiovascular risk.

Validez predictiva e incremental de un dispositivo de evaluación dinámica sobre el rendimiento y el progreso en lectura / Predictive and incremental validity of a dynamic assessment device on academic performance and progress in reading

El presente artículo analiza la validez predictiva de un dispositivo de evaluación dinámica de procesos implicados en la lectura sobre el rendimiento (RE) y el progreso en comprensión (PR) de un grupo de estudiantes con especiales dificultades en la comprensión lectora (DL). Asimismo, se analiza en qué medida los resultados obtenidos ofrecen información adicional con respecto a la obtenida con pruebas estáticas de evaluación de la comprensión y la inteligencia. Para ello se utilizan dos criterios externos: (a) la valoración del profesorado sobre el RE y el PR; y (b) las calificaciones en el área de Lengua. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 60 estudiantes entre 9 y 16 años a los que se aplicó experimentalmente el dispositivo. Los resultados revelan que las puntuaciones dinámicas mostraron valores de predicción significativos sobre el RE y el PR, así como una validez incremental significativa con relación a la predicción realizada con base en las pruebas estáticas de evaluación de la comprensión y del CI. Se analizan los posibles mecanismos causales en relación a la modalidad de prueba dinámica y al contenido específico de las actividades como factores que podrían explicar los resultados obtenidos (AU)

The present study focuses on establishing the predictive validity of dynamic assessment device of processes involved in reading tasks, in relation to school performance and progress of reading comprehension difficulties children (RD). We also analyse to what extent the results obtained offer additional information to the one provided by static assessment tests on reading comprehension or cognitive performance. With this aim, we used two external criteria: (a) the teacher´s assessment of academic performance and progress, and (b) the qualifications in the area of Language. The sample consisted of 60 students between 9 and 16 years who were applied the device. Dynamic scores showed significant predictive validity on school performance and progress. Likewise, dynamic scores showed a significant incremental validity in relation to the prediction based on static tests of reading comprehension and evaluation of the IQ. We discuss the possible causal mechanisms related to the dynamic assessment approach and the specific content of the activities as factors that could explain the results (AU)

Algunas experiencias para determinar un régimen de calentamiento adecuado en el proceso de liofilización del cloranfenicol sodio succinato / Some experiences in finding an appropriate heating method in the process of lyophilization of chloramphenicol sodium succinate

Se hace un estudio comparativo con distintos regímenes de calentamiento aplicados en experiencias realizadas en dos equipos liofilizadores diferentes. Con los resultados de estas experiencias se llega al diseño de regímenes de calentamiento adecuados para cada equipo, los cuales dependen entre otros aspectos de las características de cada uno de ellos y de la carga total de producto que se va a liofilizar. Se comprueba que un calentamiento insuficiente en la primera etapa, prolonga demasiado el secado primario y se corre el riesgo de provocar la fusión del producto al subir la temperatura, sin haber concluido esta etapa(AU)

Una forma estable de tetraciclina inyectable / A stable preparation of injectable tetracycline

Se expone una serie de ensayos experimentales que conducen a establecer un procedimiento para la obtención de una fórmula de clorhidrato de tetraciclina en forma liofilizada, inyectable. Esto se logra mediante la adición de un soporte y solución amortiguadora adecuada que evitan el puffing y la degradación en el preparado durante el proceso de las investigaciones preliminares, y se explican las posibles causas que pueden motivar este fenómeno(AU)