Executive summary - Diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis of influenza virus infection - Consensus statement of the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), the Spanish Society of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (SEIP), the Spanish Association of Vaccinology (AEV), the Spanish Society of Family and Community Medicine (SEMFYC) and the Spanish Society of Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Health Management (SEMPSPGS).

The influenza virus has accompanied humans since time immemorial, in the form of annual epidemics and occasional pandemics. It is a respiratory infection with multiple repercussions on people's lives at an individual and social level, as well as representing a significant burden on the health system. This Consensus Document arises from the collaboration of various Spanish scientific societies involved in influenza virus infection. The conclusions drawn are based on the highest quality evidence available in the scientific literature and, failing that, on the opinion of the experts convened. The Consensus Document addresses the clinical, microbiological, therapeutic, and preventive aspects (with respect to the prevention of transmission and in relation to vaccination) of influenza, for both adult and pediatric populations. This Consensus Document aims to help facilitate the clinical, microbiological, and preventive approach to influenza virus infection and, consequently, to reduce its important consequences on the morbidity and mortality of the population.

Executive summary. Diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis of influenza virus infection. Consensus statement of the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), the Spanish Society of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (SEIP), the Spanish Association of Vaccinology (AEV), the Spanish Society of Family and Community Medicine (SEMFYC) and the Spanish Society of Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Health Management (SEMPSPGS).

The influenza virus has accompanied humans since time immemorial, in the form of annual epidemics and occasional pandemics. It is a respiratory infection with multiple repercussions on people's lives at an individual and social level, as well as representing a significant burden on the health system. This Consensus Document arises from the collaboration of various Spanish scientific societies involved in influenza virus infection. The conclusions drawn are based on the highest quality evidence available in the scientific literature and, failing that, on the opinion of the experts convened. The Consensus Document addresses the clinical, microbiological, therapeutic, and preventive aspects (with respect to the prevention of transmission and in relation to vaccination) of influenza, for both adult and pediatric populations. This Consensus Document aims to help facilitate the clinical, microbiological, and preventive approach to influenza virus infection and, consequently, to reduce its important consequences on the morbidity and mortality of the population.

Executive summary. Diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis of influenza virus infection. Consensus statement of the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), the Spanish Society of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (SEIP), the Spanish Association of Vaccinology (AEV), the Spanish Society of Family and Community Medicine (SEMFYC) and the Spanish Society of Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Health Management (SEMPSPGS).

The influenza virus has accompanied humans since time immemorial, in the form of annual epidemics and occasional pandemics. It is a respiratory infection with multiple repercussions on people's lives at an individual and social level, as well as representing a significant burden on the health system. This Consensus Document arises from the collaboration of various Spanish scientific societies involved in influenza virus infection. The conclusions drawn are based on the highest quality evidence available in the scientific literature and, failing that, on the opinion of the experts convened. The Consensus Document addresses the clinical, microbiological, therapeutic, and preventive aspects (with respect to the prevention of transmission and in relation to vaccination) of influenza, for both adult and pediatric populations. This Consensus Document aims to help facilitate the clinical, microbiological, and preventive approach to influenza virus infection and, consequently, to reduce its important consequences on the morbidity and mortality of the population.

Kinetics of humoral immune response over 17 months of COVID-19 pandemic in a large cohort of healthcare workers in Spain: the ProHEpiC-19 study.

BACKGROUND: Understanding the immune response to the SARS-CoV-2 virus is critical for efficient monitoring and control strategies. The ProHEpic-19 cohort provides a fine-grained description of the kinetics of antibodies after SARS-CoV-2 infection with an exceptional resolution over 17 months. METHODS: We established a cohort of 769 healthcare workers including healthy and infected with SARS-CoV-2 in northern Barcelona to determine the kinetics of the IgM against the nucleocapsid (N) and the IgG against the N and spike (S) of SARS-CoV-2 in infected healthcare workers. The study period was from 5 May 2020 to 11 November 2021.We used non-linear mixed models to investigate the kinetics of IgG and IgM measured at nine time points over 17 months from the date of diagnosis. The model included factors of time, gender, and disease severity (asymptomatic, mild-moderate, severe-critical) to assess their effects and their interactions. FINDINGS: 474 of the 769 participants (61.6%) became infected with SARS-CoV-2. Significant effects of gender and disease severity were found for the levels of all three antibodies. Median IgM(N) levels were already below the positivity threshold in patients with asymptomatic and mild-moderate disease at day 270 after the diagnosis, while IgG(N and S) levels remained positive at least until days 450 and 270, respectively. Kinetic modelling showed a general rise in both IgM(N) and IgG(N) levels up to day 30, followed by a decay with a rate depending on disease severity. IgG(S) levels remained relatively constant from day 15 over time. INTERPRETATION: IgM(N) and IgG(N, S) SARS-CoV-2 antibodies showed a heterogeneous kinetics over the 17 months. Only the IgG(S) showed a stable increase, and the levels and the kinetics of antibodies varied according to disease severity. The kinetics of IgM and IgG observed over a year also varied by clinical spectrum can be very useful for public health policies around vaccination criteria in adult population. FUNDING: Regional Ministry of Health of the Generalitat de Catalunya (Call COVID19-PoC SLT16_04; NCT04885478).

Designing a Person-Centred Integrated Care Programme for People with Complex Chronic Conditions: A Case Study from Catalonia.

INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of people with complex chronic conditions is increasing. This population's high social and health needs require person-centred integrated approaches to care. METHODS: To collect data about experiences with the health system and identify priorities for care, we conducted 2 focus groups and 15 semi-structured interviews involving patients with multimorbidity and advanced conditions, caregivers, and representatives of patients' associations. To design the programme, we combined this information with evidence-based recommendations from local healthcare and social care professionals. RESULTS: Patients' and caregivers' main priorities were to ensure (a) comprehension of information provided by healthcare professionals; (b) coordination between patients, caregivers, and professionals; (c) access to social services; (d) support to caregivers in managing situations; (e) perceived support throughout the healthcare process; (f) home care, when available; and (d) a patient-centred approach. These dimensions were included in 37 of 63 clinical actions of the programme to cover the whole care trajectory: identifying high needs, defining, and providing care plans, managing crises, and providing transitional care and end-of-life care. CONCLUSION: We developed an evidence-based integrated care programme tailored to high-need patients combining input from patients, caregivers, and healthcare and social care professionals.

Efecto de la consulta virtual (eConsulta) en la frecuentación de visitas en atención primaria / Impact of the eConsultation on the primary care agenda

Objetivo: Se realiza un estudio observacional antes y después para valorar el efecto de la consulta virtual (eConsulta) sobre la frecuentación posterior que realiza el paciente a su centro de atención primaria una vez ha realizado su primera consulta virtual. Emplazamiento: Población asignada de los Centros de Atención Primaria Masnou-Alella y Ocata-Teià del Institut Català de la Salut. Participantes: Se realiza un muestreo aleatorizado y se comparan 329 pacientes que realizaron eConsultas respecto de 329 pacientes estadísticamente similares en edad, sexo y complejidad médica que no realizaron ninguna eConsulta. Mediciones principales: Se midieron las visitas realizadas con medicina primaria y enfermería de su equipo, tanto presenciales, telefónicas y eConsultas, durante el periodo de estudio. Resultados: Los pacientes que realizaron consultas virtuales mostraron una frecuentación previa en la atención primaria mayor que aquellos que no realizaron eConsultas (4,44 visitas médicas/año versus 3,11). Tras el uso de la eConsulta, después de un año de seguimiento, su frecuentación se redujo hasta niveles del grupo control (3,16 visitas médicas/año versus 3,00). Tras la primera visita virtual, los pacientes redujeron las visitas presenciales en un 28,7%. Conclusiones: La eConsulta podría ser una herramienta eficaz para dar respuesta a las necesidades de los pacientes que no requieran de una visita presencial, en especial en los pacientes más frecuentadores.(AU)

Objective: A «before and after» type observational study was carried out to assess the impact of the virtual consultation (eConsulta) on the frequency with which the patient visits their primary care center once they have had their first virtual consultation. Setting: Assigned population of the primary care center of Masnou-Alella and Ocata-Teià, Catalan Health Institute. Participants: A random sampling was performed and 329 patients who engaged in eConsulta were compared with 329 statistically similar patients in age, sex and medical complexity who did not engage in eConsulta. Principal mediations: Visits with primary care and nursing in their team are measured, both face-to-face, telephone and eConsulta, over the study period. Results: Patients who performed virtual consultations showed a previous frequent attendance in primary care higher than those who did not perform eConsulta (4.44 medical visits year/versus 3.11). Following the use of the eConsulta, after a year of follow-up, frequency was reduced to levels of the control group (3.16 medical visits/year versus 3.00). After the first virtual visit, patients reduced face-to-face visits by 28.7%. Conclusions: The eConsulta could be an effective tool to respond to the needs of patients who do not require a face-to-face visit, especially in the most frequent patients.(AU)

A Cost-Benefit Analysis of the COVID-19 Asymptomatic Mass Testing Strategy in the North Metropolitan Area of Barcelona.

BACKGROUND: The epidemiological situation generated by COVID-19 has highlighted the importance of applying non-pharmacological measures in the management of the epidemic. Mass screening of the asymptomatic general population has been established as a priority strategy by carrying out diagnostic tests to detect possible cases, isolate contacts, cut transmission chains and thus limit the spread of the virus. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the economic impact of mass COVID-19 screenings of an asymptomatic population during the first and second wave of the epidemic in Catalonia, Spain. METHODOLOGY: Cost-Benefit Analysis based on the estimated total costs of mass screening versus health gains and associated health costs avoided. RESULTS: Excluding the value of monetized health, the Benefit-Cost ratio was estimated at 0.45, a low value that would seem to advise against mass screening policies. However, if monetized health is included, the ratio is close to 1.20, reversing the interpretation. In other words, the monetization of health is the critical element that tips the scales in favour of the desirability of screening. Results show that the interventions with the highest return are those that maximize the percentage of positives detected. CONCLUSION: Efficient management of resources for the policy of mass screening in asymptomatic populations can generate high social returns. The positivity rate critically determines its desirability. Likewise, precocity in the detection of cases will cut more transmissions in the chain of contagion and increase the economic return of these interventions. Maximizing the value of resources depends on screening strategies being accompanied by contact-tracing and specific in their focus, targeting, for example, high-risk subpopulations with the highest rate of expected positives.

[Impact of the eConsultation on the primary care agenda]. / Efecto de la consulta virtual (eConsulta) en la frecuentación de visitas en atención primaria.

OBJECTIVE: A «before and after¼ type observational study was carried out to assess the impact of the virtual consultation (eConsulta) on the frequency with which the patient visits their primary care center once they have had their first virtual consultation. SETTING: Assigned population of the primary care center of Masnou-Alella and Ocata-Teià, Catalan Health Institute. PARTICIPANTS: A random sampling was performed and 329 patients who engaged in eConsulta were compared with 329 statistically similar patients in age, sex and medical complexity who did not engage in eConsulta. PRINCIPAL MEDIATIONS: Visits with primary care and nursing in their team are measured, both face-to-face, telephone and eConsulta, over the study period. RESULTS: Patients who performed virtual consultations showed a previous frequent attendance in primary care higher than those who did not perform eConsulta (4.44 medical visits year/versus 3.11). Following the use of the eConsulta, after a year of follow-up, frequency was reduced to levels of the control group (3.16 medical visits/year versus 3.00). After the first virtual visit, patients reduced face-to-face visits by 28.7%. CONCLUSIONS: The eConsulta could be an effective tool to respond to the needs of patients who do not require a face-to-face visit, especially in the most frequent patients.

[Descriptive study of the health service workers of a Primary Care Department confined by Covid-19.] / Estudio descriptivo de los trabajadores de servicios sanitarios de una dirección de atención primaria confinados por Covid-19.

OBJECTIVE: The Covid-19 pandemic is testing the resistance of health systems, the preservation of health professionals is a priority in processes of this type. The professionals' exposure to suspicious contacts often requires their confinement. The objective was to know the epidemiological characteristics of the primary care professionals who required confinement. METHODS: The research was carried out in the North Metropolitan Primary Care Area of Barcelona, from February 17 to May 3, 2020. 1,418 professionals who required confinement due to the epidemic by Covid-19 participated. The reasons for confinement, symptomatology, the confinement time and the results of PCR tests results were recorded. Univariate descriptive analysis was performed. RESULTS: 78.8% of the professionals were women and the mean age was 45.2 years. 67.8% were doctors and nurses, in the remaining 32.2% there were different healthcare and non-care professionals. 64.1% of the sample presented symptoms compatible with Covid-19. Participants described multiple symptoms during confinement. 1,050 diagnostic RT- PCR tests were performed, being positive in 323 cases, of which 33 were in asymptomatic people. CONCLUSIONS: The impact of the epidemic by Covid-19 is anticipated in health personnel compared to the general population. The distribution of symptoms in healthcare professionals is similar to that of other studies in the general population. Of the total number of professionals requiring isolation, 22.7% confirmed the diagnosis.

OBJETIVO: La pandemia de la Covid-19 está poniendo a prueba la resistencia de los sistemas sanitarios. La preservación de los profesionales sanitarios es prioritaria siempre y especialmente ante situaciones de este tipo. La exposición de los profesionales frente a contactos sospechosos obliga en muchas ocasiones a su confinamiento. El objetivo fue conocer las características epidemiológicas de los profesionales de atención primaria que han precisado confinamiento. METODOS: La investigación se llevó a cabo en el área de atención primaria Metropolitana Nord de Barcelona, desde el 17 de febrero al 3 de mayo de 2020. Participaron 1.418 profesionales que requirieron confinamiento debido a la epidemia por la Covid-19. Se registraron los motivos de confinamiento, sintomatología, tiempo de confinamiento y resultados de las pruebas PCR. Se realizó análisis descriptivo univariante. RESULTADOS: El 78,8% de los profesionales eran mujeres y la edad media de fue 45,2 años. El 67,8% fueron facultativos y enfermeras, en el 32,2% restante había diferentes profesionales asistenciales y no asistenciales. El 64,1% de la muestra presentó sintomatología compatible con Covid-19. Los participantes describieron múltiples síntomas durante el confinamiento. Se realizaron 1.050 pruebas diagnósticas RT-PCR resultando positivas en 323 casos, de los que 33 fueron en personas asintomáticas. CONCLUSIONES: El impacto de la epidemia por Covid-19 se adelanta en el personal sanitario respecto a la población general. La distribución de síntomas en profesionales sanitarios es similar a la de otros estudios en población general. Del total de profesionales que precisan confinamiento en el 22,7% se confirma el diagnóstico.

[Infectious Disease Prevention Group. Update on vaccines, 2020]. / Prevención de las enfermedades infecciosas. Actualización en vacunas, 2020.

Vaccine development is one of the fastest growing sectors in medicine now and in the future, as we are living with the emergency health care for the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. The semFYC PAPPS program biannually publishes the recommendations of the group and, in this edition, special emphasis is placed on the common vaccination proposed by the Ministry of Health, where, at last, it no longer discriminates between paediatrics and adults, and proposes a calendar throughout life. The main novelties in the field of vaccinology today are focused on the consolidation of the nonavalent vaccine against the human papilloma virus and in the change of the dose of monovalent meningitis vaccine C for the tetravalent one, ACWY, at age 12. The pandemic we are experiencing has led to the postponement of most preventive activities. On the return to «normality¼, the vaccination calendar must be examined, and completed if necessary.

Estudio descriptivo de los trabajadores de servicios sanitarios de una dirección de atención primaria confinados por Covid-19 / Descriptive study of the health service workers of a Primary Care Department confined by Covid-19

OBJETIVO: La pandemia de la Covid-19 está poniendo a prueba la resistencia de los sistemas sanitarios. La preservación de los profesionales sanitarios es prioritaria siempre y especialmente ante situaciones de este tipo. La exposición de los profesionales frente a contactos sospechosos obliga en muchas ocasiones a su confinamiento. El objetivo fue conocer las características epidemiológicas de los profesionales de atención primaria que han precisado confinamiento. MÉTODOS: La investigación se llevó a cabo en el área de atención primaria Metropolitana Nord de Barcelona, desde el 17 de febrero al 3 de mayo de 2020. Participaron 1.418 profesionales que requirieron confinamiento debido a la epidemia por la Covid-19. Se registraron los motivos de confinamiento, sintomatología, tiempo de confinamiento y resultados de las pruebas PCR. Se realizó análisis descriptivo univariante. RESULTADOS: El 78,8% de los profesionales eran mujeres y la edad media de fue 45,2 años. El 67,8% fueron facultativos y enfermeras, en el 32,2% restante había diferentes profesionales asistenciales y no asistenciales. El 64,1% de la muestra presentó sintomatología compatible con Covid-19. Los participantes describieron múltiples síntomas durante el confinamiento. Se realizaron 1.050 pruebas diagnósticas RT-PCR resultando positivas en 323 casos, de los que 33 fueron en personas asintomáticas. CONCLUSIONES: El impacto de la epidemia por Covid-19 se adelanta en el personal sanitario respecto a la población general. La distribución de síntomas en profesionales sanitarios es similar a la de otros estudios en población general. Del total de profesionales que precisan confinamiento en el 22,7% se confirma el diagnóstico

OBJECTIVE: The Covid-19 pandemic is testing the resistance of health systems, the preservation of health professionals is a priority in processes of this type. The professionals' exposure to suspicious contacts often requires their confinement. The objective was to know the epidemiological characteristics of the primary care professionals who required confinement. METHODS: The research was carried out in the North Metropolitan Primary Care Area of Barcelona, from February 17 to May 3, 2020. 1,418 professionals who required confinement due to the epidemic by Covid-19 participated. The reasons for confinement, symptomatology, the confinement time and the results of PCR tests results were recorded. Univariate descriptive analysis was performed. RESULTS: 78.8% of the professionals were women and the mean age was 45.2 years. 67.8% were doctors and nurses, in the remaining 32.2% there were different healthcare and non-care professionals. 64.1% of the sample presented symptoms compatible with Covid-19. Participants described multiple symptoms during confinement. 1,050 diagnostic RT- PCR tests were performed, being positive in 323 cases, of which 33 were in asymptomatic people. CONCLUSIONS: The impact of the epidemic by Covid-19 is anticipated in health personnel compared to the general population. The distribution of symptoms in healthcare professionals is similar to that of other studies in the general population. Of the total number of professionals requiring isolation, 22.7% confirmed the diagnosis

Cribado ampliado de Trypanosoma cruzi en la descendencia de mujeres infectadas en la zona metropolitana norte de Barcelona, Cataluña (España), 2005-2016 / Extended screening of Trypanosoma cruzi among the offspring of infected women. Barcelona North metropolitan area, Catalonia (Spain), 2005-2016

INTRODUCCIÓN: Existen escasos datos sobre el cribado serológico extenso, familiar, de Trypanosoma cruzi a partir de un infectado-índice. Por tratarse de una parasitosis con posibilidad de transmisión materno-fetal, el estudio de la descendencia de mujeres crónicamente infectadas posee una especial relevancia. MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional por método de captura-recaptura que valora el estado serológico en la descendencia de las mujeres diagnosticadas de infección por T. cruzi en el área metropolitana norte de Barcelona durante el periodo 2005-2016. RESULTADOS: Se identificaron 238 mujeres son serología positiva para T. cruzi. De ellas, se pudieron localizar 117 (49,2%) y sus 300 descendientes. Entre los descendientes, 192 (64%) tenían registro de serología, con 23 positivas para T. cruzi (11,98%; IC 95%: 8,1-17,3). Hubo 53 niños nacidos en el área de estudio, con 5 casos de transmisión vertical (9,8%; IC 95%: 4,2-20,9). Todos los nacidos a partir de la implementación del programa de cribado materno (en 2010) tenían registro serológico. CONCLUSIONES: La población de descendientes de mujeres con serología positiva para T. cruzi muestra una tasa elevada de seropositividad. La prevalencia de transmisión vertical es notablemente alta, pero comparable a la obtenida en otros estudios europeos. La principal fuente de pérdidas lo constituyen las mujeres ilocalizables. Es razonable incluir la determinación serológica familiar extensa en los protocolos de cribado de enfermedad de Chagas. A fin de evitar pérdidas, se debería implementar un eventual cribado en el momento del diagnóstico materno

INTRODUCTION: To date, very little data is available on the extensive, familiar, serological screening of Trypanosoma cruzi from infected-index cases. As it is a parasite with possibility of mother-to-child fetal transmission, the study of the offspring of chronically infected women has a special relevance. METHODS: An observational study using a capture-recapture method that evaluates the offspring serological status of women diagnosed with T. cruzi infection (positive serology) in the northern metropolitan area of Barcelona during 2005-2016. RESULTS: A total of 238 women with positive serology for T. cruzi were identified. Of these, 117 (49.2%) could be localized. Their offspring summarized 300 individuals, of which 192 (64%) had serology records, with 23 positive for T. cruzi (11.98%; CI95%: 8.1-17.3). Among the 53 children born within the study area, 5 (9.8%, CI95%: 4.2-20.9) cases of vertical transmission were recorded. All children born as of 2010 (the starting year of mother screening) had serological outputs. CONCLUSIONS: Offspring of T. cruzi-seropositive women showed a high rate of seropositivity. The prevalence of vertical transmission is also remarkably high but comparable to that obtained in other European studies. The main source of loss was non-accessible women. It is reasonable to formaly include extensive, familiar, serological assessment in Chagas screening guidelines. In order to avoid losses, any eventual screening should be implemented at the time of the maternal diagnosis

Prevención de las enfermedades infecciosas. Actualización PAPPS en vacunas 2018 / No disponible

No disponible

Extended screening of Trypanosoma cruzi among the offspring of infected women. Barcelona North metropolitan area, Catalonia (Spain), 2005-2016. / Cribado ampliado de Trypanosoma cruzi en la descendencia de mujeres infectadas en la zona metropolitana norte de Barcelona, Cataluña (España), 2005-2016.

INTRODUCTION: To date, very little data is available on the extensive, familiar, serological screening of Trypanosoma cruzi from infected-index cases. As it is a parasite with possibility of mother-to-child fetal transmission, the study of the offspring of chronically infected women has a special relevance. METHODS: An observational study using a capture-recapture method that evaluates the offspring serological status of women diagnosed with T. cruzi infection (positive serology) in the northern metropolitan area of Barcelona during 2005-2016. RESULTS: A total of 238 women with positive serology for T. cruzi were identified. Of these, 117 (49.2%) could be localized. Their offspring summarized 300 individuals, of which 192 (64%) had serology records, with 23 positive for T. cruzi (11.98%; CI95%: 8.1-17.3). Among the 53 children born within the study area, 5 (9.8%, CI95%: 4.2-20.9) cases of vertical transmission were recorded. All children born as of 2010 (the starting year of mother screening) had serological outputs. CONCLUSIONS: Offspring of T. cruzi-seropositive women showed a high rate of seropositivity. The prevalence of vertical transmission is also remarkably high but comparable to that obtained in other European studies. The main source of loss was non-accessible women. It is reasonable to formaly include extensive, familiar, serological assessment in Chagas screening guidelines. In order to avoid losses, any eventual screening should be implemented at the time of the maternal diagnosis.

Manejo de las infecciones odontogénicas en las consultas de atención primaria: ¿antibiótico? / Management of odontogenic infections in Primary Care: Antibiotic?

Nuestro objetivo es intentar contribuir al uso racional de los antibióticos prescritos por los médicos de familia cuando un paciente consulta por un problema odontológico. Actualmente la pregunta que nos debemos hacer es si hay que tomar antibiótico, en lugar de cuál dar. Revisamos las principales infecciones odontológicas, cuál debe ser el tratamiento adecuado y el papel de la prevención. Es necesario conocer la complejidad de la microflora de la cavidad oral, pues de ella dependerá la conveniencia de antibioterapia, la evolución hacia la curación o la progresión de algunas infecciones odontogénicas. La placa bacteriana, formada por el biofilm, se comporta como una barrera para la acción de los antimicrobianos. Es en la prevención de su formación, así como en la eliminación mecánica de esta una vez formada, en lo que el médico de familia debe insistir. Debemos transmitir a la población que los antibióticos no curan el dolor dental

Our aim is to contribute to the rational use of antibiotics prescribed by family doctors when a patient consults for a dental problem. Nowadays we should not ask which antibiotic to give. The question has to be if we need to prescribe antibiotics in front of the most common odontogenic infections seen in our practice. We review the main dental infections, which should be their appropriate management and the role of prevention. We need to know the complexity of the oral microbiome because it’l depend on the appropriateness of the antibiotherapy, the evolution towards cure or progression of some odontogenic infections. The bacterial plaque, formed by the biofilm, behaves as a barrier to the action of antimicrobials. It’s in the prevention of its development as well as in it mechanical elimination once shaped, in what the family doctor should insist. We must transmit antibiotics don’t heal dental pain

[Management of odontogenic infections in Primary Care: Antibiotic?] / Manejo de las infecciones odontogénicas en las consultas de atención primaria: ¿antibiótico?

Our aim is to contribute to the rational use of antibiotics prescribed by family doctors when a patient consults for a dental problem. Nowadays we should not ask which antibiotic to give. The question has to be if we need to prescribe antibiotics in front of the most common odontogenic infections seen in our practice. We review the main dental infections, which should be their appropriate management and the role of prevention. We need to know the complexity of the oral microbiome because it?ll depend on the appropriateness of the antibiotherapy, the evolution towards cure or progression of some odontogenic infections. The bacterial plaque, formed by the biofilm, behaves as a barrier to the action of antimicrobials. It?s in the prevention of its development as well as in it mechanical elimination once shaped, in what the family doctor should insist. We must transmit antibiotics don?t heal dental pain.