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1.
Farm. comunitarios (Internet) ; 15(2): 41-44, 14 abr. 2023. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-219040

RESUMO

Mujer de 56 años que arrastra problemas de salud neurológicos desde 2017 tras sufrir un accidente de tráfico. Le diagnostican un parkinsonismo. En noviembre de 2021 acude a consultar información sobre los cribados de deterioro cognitivo desde la farmacia comunitaria al presentar queja de olvidos frecuentes. Finalmente, en junio de 2022 se lleva a cabo una evaluación farmacoterapéutica del tratamiento siguiendo la metodología Dáder y se estudia la carga anticolinérgica (CA) que presenta la medicación. Según la escala CALS, la paciente presentó una CA de 3,25 que se puede relacionar con aparición de efectos adversos como alteraciones de la cognición. Al no tener controlado el dolor, se le sugiere volver a consultar con su médico para intentar lograr un tratamiento efectivo. Con la nueva visita se diagnostica un trastorno neurológico funcional y trastorno depresivo mayor. Con el cambio de tratamiento, la CA disminuyó hasta 1. El tratamiento del dolor neuropático es complejo y el diagnóstico certero es importante para instaurar el tratamiento efectivo. Aunque muchas veces la sintomatología conlleva a confundir el diagnóstico y tratar con fármacos no eficaces para solucionar el problema que causan reacciones adversas como es el caso. En estas situaciones es necesario una reevaluación periódica del tratamiento y del estado cognitivo del paciente (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doença de Parkinson/tratamento farmacológico , Cooperação e Adesão ao Tratamento , Serviços Comunitários de Farmácia , Dor/tratamento farmacológico , Seguimentos
2.
Sci Rep ; 10(1): 16704, 2020 10 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33028919

RESUMO

The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of high blood pressure (HBP) in adolescents of the Valencian Autonomous Community (VC) in Spain. Besides, its association with other risk factors related to cardiovascular disease (CVD) or arterial hypertension (AHT) in order to increase our knowledge of public health and to provide advice about healthy diets. We conducted a multicentre, observational, cross-sectional, epidemiological study in a sample of 4402 adolescents from 15 schools during the 2015-2016 school year. The participants were aged between 11 and 18 years, and any individuals already diagnosed with AHT were excluded. In addition to the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (PAQ-A), Evaluation of the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (KIDMED), a lifestyle habits survey, the waist-to-height ratio (WtHR), and body mass index (BMI) were calculated for each participant. Informed Consent was obtained from Parents of the adolescents involved in the current study. The study received approval from the University ethics committee and all procedures were conducted in accordance with the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki. Chi-squared, Student t-tests, and ANOVA statistical analyses showed that 653 (14.8%) adolescents had previously undiagnosed HBP and that was significantly associated with male sex (p < 0.001), age over 15 years (p < 0.05), and height, weight, waist circumference, WtHR, BMI, and skipping breakfast. Based on the data we obtained in this study, the modifiable factors that influence HBP in adolescents were WtHR, BMI, and skipping breakfast.


Assuntos
Pressão Sanguínea/fisiologia , Desjejum , Comportamento Alimentar/fisiologia , Hipertensão/etiologia , Razão Cintura-Estatura , Adolescente , Índice de Massa Corporal , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Bases de Dados Factuais , Feminino , Humanos , Hipertensão/fisiopatologia , Estilo de Vida , Masculino , Fatores de Risco
3.
Pharm. care Esp ; 16(1): 2-10, ene.-feb. 2014. ilus, tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-119956

RESUMO

Objetivos: Caracterizar y describir la consulta farmacoterapéutica de información de medicamentos (CFTIM) con el fin de aumentar el conocimiento sobre esta actividad en la farmacia comunitaria. Métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal mediante un cuestionario ad hoc anónimo autocumplimentado por los farmacéuticos voluntarios de las farmacias comunitarias de la provincia de Valencia. Resultados: Un total de 222 farmacéuticos comunitarios (18,4%) respondieron al cuestionario. El 3,5% de los usuarios que acuden a la farmacia lo hace sólo para realizar las CFTIM, cuya frecuencia diaria se estima entre 4 y 9. La mayoría de las CFTIM se atienden y resuelven por el farmacéutico, en el mismo lugar de la farmacia, sin establecer un horario determinado y sin cobrarlas. Su duración media es de 4 minutos, y el motivo de consulta más frecuente son las instrucciones de uso de los medicamentos. El 74,5% de los farmacéuticos cree que resuelve correctamente la mayoría de CFTIM, aunque sólo el 6,4% las registra. Casi todos están de acuerdo en la importancia del valor que tiene esta actividad para el sistema sanitario y la salud del paciente, así como en que se debe prestar como un servicio diferenciado en la farmacia comunitaria. Prácticamente todos están de acuerdo que resolviéndolas se previenen, detectan y/o resuelven problemas relacionados con los medicamentos y resultados negativos asociados a la medicación. Conclusiones: El estudio confirma la realización habitual de esta actividad en la farmacia comunitaria valenciana y aporta datos inéditos, cualitativos y cuantitativos, relevantes para su conocimiento, que permite contrastarlos con los obtenidos en estudios observacionales de campo


Aims: To characterize and to describe the pharmacotherapeutic consultations drug of information (PCDI) in order to increase awareness of this activity in the community pharmacy. Methods: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study by means of an administered anonymous questionnaire to volunteer pharmacists of community pharmacies in the province of Valencia. Results: 222 community pharmacists (18.4%) responded to the questionnaire. The 3.5% of users who visit the pharmacy, do it just for the PCDI. The estimated daily frequency is between 4-9 consultations. Most PCDI are attended and resolved by the pharmacist in the same place of the pharmacy, without setting a specific time and without collectability. The average duration is 4 minutes and the most frequent reason for consultation is instructions for use of drugs. 74.5% of the pharmacists believes that they solve correctly the majority of consultations, but they only registers the 6.4% of them. Practically they all agree in the importance of the value that has this activity for the sanitary system and for the health of the patient, as well as that this activity is provided in the community pharmacy as a differentiated service. Practically they all agree that resolving the consultations get ready, detect and/or solve drug related problems and negative results associated with the medication. Conclusions: The study confirms the common realization of this activity in the Valencian community pharmacy and provides qualitative and quantitative relevant unpublished data to your knowledge, allowing to compare them with those obtained in field observational studies


Assuntos
Humanos , Assistência Farmacêutica/organização & administração , Assistência Farmacêutica , Serviços de Informação sobre Medicamentos/organização & administração , Conduta do Tratamento Medicamentoso/organização & administração
4.
Pharm. care Esp ; 14(3): 94-101, mayo-jun. 2012.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-108966

RESUMO

Introducción: Las benzodiacepinas (BZD) son medicamentos generalmente indicados para el insomnio y la ansiedad, que se utilizan mucho más tiempo del aconsejado por la Agencia Española del Medicamento y pueden producir, entre otras reacciones adversas, deterioro cognitivo, pérdida de memoria, sedación y, en uso continuado, tolerancia y dependencia. Objetivo: Mejorar desde la farmacia el uso de las BZD en mayores de 65 años y, con ello, el estado de salud del paciente. Material y métodos: Estudio controlado a simple ciego, realizado en 12 farmacias desde febrero de 2006 hasta febrero de 2008. Los pacientes forman parte del grupo control o de intervención según el orden de una lista aleatoria. Se utilizan hojas de registro del uso de BZD, fi chas de registro farmacoterapéutico y los cuestionarios de Siu-Reuben, Pfeiffer y de Reacciones Adversas. Se considera un resultado satisfactorio si al final del estudio el paciente disminuye la dosis de BZD, pasa a uso esporádico, la elimina o cambia por lorazepam. Resultados: Se incluyen 164 pacientes en el grupo control y 173 en el de intervención. El 85% de los pacientes utiliza las BZD más tiempo del aconsejado. La intervención farmacéutico-médico-paciente consigue un mejor resultado (84%) que la del farmacéuticopaciente (41%). Obtienen resultados satisfactorios el 29% de los pacientes del grupo de intervención, frente al 10,8% del grupo control, y ello supone una mejora del test de Pfeiffer y de Reacciones Adversas. Conclusiones: Las BZD son fármacos mal utilizados. La intervención del farmacéutico mejora su uso y conlleva una mejora en el estado de salud del paciente. Se debe mejorar la relación farmacéutico-médico(AU)


Introduction: Benzodiazepines (BZD) are generally indicated for insomnia and anxiety. They are used much longer than recommended by the Spanish Drug Agency and can produce, among other adverse reactions, cognitive impairment, memory loss, sedation and tolerance in continuous use and dependence. Aim: Improve the rational use of BZD in patients older than 65 years old and thus the health of the patient from the pharmacy. Methods: Single-blind controlled study conducted in 12 pharmacies since February 2006 to February 2008. Patients divided into control or intervention group in the order of a random list. We recorded BZD used, pharmacotherapy and results of tests: Siu-Reuben, Pfeiffer and Adverse Reactions. It is considered satisfactory if at the end of the study the patient reduces the dose of BZD, change to occasional use, eliminate the use of BZD or change to lorazepam. Results: 164 patients were included in the control group and 173 in the intervention group. 85% BZD were used longer than recom mended. Intervention pharmacist-physician-patient gets better results (84%) than pharmacist-patient (41%). Satisfactory results were obtained by 29% patients in the intervention group compared with 10.8% patients in the control group with an improvement of Pfeiffer and adverse reactions tests. Conclusions: BZD are misused. The pharmaceutical intervention leads to better use and improved health status of the patient. It should improve pharmacist-physician relationship(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Benzodiazepinas/uso terapêutico , Distúrbios do Início e da Manutenção do Sono/tratamento farmacológico , Ansiedade/tratamento farmacológico , Transtornos de Ansiedade/tratamento farmacológico , Transtornos da Memória/induzido quimicamente , Transtornos da Memória/complicações , Transtornos da Memória/diagnóstico , Método Simples-Cego
5.
Farm. hosp ; 36(1): 16-23, ene.-feb. 2012. ilus, mapas
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-107805

RESUMO

Objetivo Evaluar los resultados de la implantación de un programa de atención farmacéutica dirigido a optimizar el tratamiento farmacoterapéutico individualizado en un hospital de Traumatología con historia clínica informatizada (HCI) y sistema integral de dispensación individualizada de medicamentos (SIDIM).Métodos Estudio retrospectivo observacional de 3 años de duración (2007-2009). Se realizó un seguimiento diario del tratamiento farmacoterapéutico de los pacientes ingresados en unidades de hospitalización con SIDIM. Mediante el registro en un documento normalizado, se clasificaron los problemas relacionados con los medicamentos (PRM) y/o errores de medicación (EM) identificados, así como las intervenciones farmacéuticas realizadas de acuerdo con la idoneidad y el grado de aceptación de las mismas. Para la identificación de pacientes con oportunidades de mejora en su farmacoterapia (PRM y/o EM) se empleó el método IASER®.Resultados Se realizaron 1.971 intervenciones farmacéuticas (IF) tras revisar 124.336 líneas de tratamiento correspondientes a 12 IF por cada 100 pacientes. La prevalencia de pacientes con PRM fue del 12% distribuidos de la siguiente manera: 50,66% categorizados en seguridad, 22,98% en indicación, 12,23% en efectividad y 14,13% en adherencia. Los grupos fármacológicos principalmente implicados fueron: antiinfecciosos (29%), fármacos para el aparato locomotor (..) (AU)


Objective To evaluate the results for implementing a pharmaceutical care programme aimed at optimising personalised pharmacotherapeutic treatment in a Trauma Centre with electronic medical records (EMR) and an integral system for personalised medication dispensing (ISPMD).Method A three-year observational, retrospective study (2007-2009). On a daily basis, we checked the pharmaceutical treatment of patients admitted to hospital units with ISPMD. The medication-related problems (MRP) and medication errors (ME) were identified and classified by recording them on a standardised document. We also recorded data on the Pharmaceutical Interventions performed in accordance with fitness and level of acceptance. We used the laser® method to identify patients with pharmacotherapy improvement opportunities (MRP and/or ME).Results One thousand nine-hundred and seventy-one pharmaceutical interventions (PI) were found after having reviewed 124 336 treatment lines, resulting in 12 PI for every 100 patients. The prevalence of patients with MRP was 12%, distributed as such: 50.66% were safety-related, 22.98% indication-related, 12.23% effectiveness-related and 14.13% adherence-related. The main drug groups involved were: anti-infectious agents (29%), drugs for the musculoskeletal system (21%), drugs for blood and haematopoietic organs (12%), and drugs for the nervous system (11%). The active ingredient that required most PI in 2007 was dexketoprofen (15.6%), followed by ketorolac (12.4%). In 2008, it was dexketoprofen (22.0%) followed by gentamicin (7.3%), and in 2009 enoxaparin (19.0%) followed by dexketoprofen (14.3%). The origin of MRP was due to ME in 91% of cases in 2007and 81% in 2008, decreasing (..) (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Quimioterapia Assistida por Computador/métodos , Conduta do Tratamento Medicamentoso/tendências , Serviço de Farmácia Hospitalar/tendências , Melhoria de Qualidade/tendências , Centros de Traumatologia/organização & administração , Prescrição Eletrônica , Sistemas de Informação em Farmácia Clínica/tendências
6.
Farm Hosp ; 36(1): 16-23, 2012.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21592837

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the results for implementing a pharmaceutical care programme aimed at optimising personalised pharmacotherapeutic treatment in a Trauma Centre with electronic medical records (EMR) and an integral system for personalised medication dispensing (ISPMD). METHOD: A three-year observational, retrospective study (2007-2009). On a daily basis, we checked the pharmaceutical treatment of patients admitted to hospital units with ISPMD. The medication-related problems (MRP) and medication errors (ME) were identified and classified by recording them on a standardised document. We also recorded data on the Pharmaceutical Interventions performed in accordance with fitness and level of acceptance. We used the laser method to identify patients with pharmacotherapy improvement opportunities (MRP and/or ME). RESULTS: One thousand nine-hundred and seventy-one pharmaceutical interventions (PI) were found after having reviewed 124 336 treatment lines, resulting in 12 PI for every 100 patients. The prevalence of patients with MRP was 12%, distributed as such: 50.66% were safety-related, 22.98% indication-related, 12.23% effectiveness-related and 14.13% adherence-related. The main drug groups involved were: anti-infectious agents (29%), drugs for the musculoskeletal system (21%), drugs for blood and haematopoietic organs (12%), and drugs for the nervous system (11%). The active ingredient that required most PI in 2007 was dexketoprofen (15.6%), followed by ketorolac (12.4%). In 2008, it was dexketoprofen (22.0%) followed by gentamicin (7.3%), and in 2009 enoxaparin (19.0%) followed by dexketoprofen (14.3%). The origin of MRP was due to ME in 91% of cases in 2007 and 81% in 2008, decreasing to 53% in 2009. PI fitness, as percentages (CI 95%) were considered: Important PI [30.29 (10.19-49.95)]; Very important PI [38.36 (35.45-73)]; Acceptable PI [82.10 (52.28-111.10)]. CONCLUSIONS: Optimising personalised pharmacotherapeutic treatment by implementing an interdisciplinary Pharmaceutical Care programme promotes team work, and as a result improves rational and safe medication dispensing.


Assuntos
Sistemas de Medicação no Hospital/organização & administração , Serviço de Farmácia Hospitalar/organização & administração , Melhoria de Qualidade/organização & administração , Centros de Traumatologia , Adulto , Sistemas de Notificação de Reações Adversas a Medicamentos/organização & administração , Idoso , Uso de Medicamentos/estatística & dados numéricos , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos/epidemiologia , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos/prevenção & controle , Registros Eletrônicos de Saúde , Prescrição Eletrônica , Feminino , Humanos , Comunicação Interdisciplinar , Masculino , Erros de Medicação , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Preparações Farmacêuticas/classificação , Medicina de Precisão , Estudos Retrospectivos , Espanha
7.
Ars pharm ; 51(supl.2): 525-530, mayo 2010. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-88678

RESUMO

El Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES) supone un cambio en nuestras metodologíasdocentes, que deben orientarse hacia una mayor participación del alumno en el proceso de enseñanzaaprendizaje,así como a satisfacer la necesidad de formación del mundo laboral. Por ello, y en base a lanecesidad de nuestra Universidad de adaptar la docencia de Farmacia al Espacio Europeo deEducación Superior, la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, hadesarrollado un proyecto para implantar un aula que simule una Oficina de Farmacia.Entre los perfiles laborales del farmacéutico, el de Oficina de Farmacia es el más frecuente, por seresta la ocupación laboral mayoritaria. La labor en las farmacias comunitarias consiste básicamente enla conservación, dispensación, asesoramiento y elaboración de medicamentos. Todo ello, unido alejercicio de la atención farmacéutica, conlleva una gran carga de responsabilidad, un conocimiento yvigilancia de la legislación establecida al respecto y una base científica y técnica importante. Lafarmacia es, a su vez, un centro de educación y prevención sanitaria, dietética y cosmética.Con el objetivo de que nuestros alumnos desarrollen todas las competencias necesarias para elfarmacéutico en la Facultad de Salud se implantó el Aula de la Farmacia(AU)


The European Higher Education Area (EHEA) represents a shift in our teaching methodology, whichshould now be steered towards a greater participation of students in the teaching-learning process andshould satisfy the employment market’s need for trained professionals. In this context, our universityhas sought to adapt its pharmacy teaching programme to the EHEA, and so the Faculty of HealthSciences of the CEU Cardenal Herrera University has developed a project to create a space thatsimulates a working pharmacy.Among the different professional profiles within the discipline of pharmacy, a position in achemist’s/drugstore is the most common, as the majority of pharmacists are employed as such. Thework of community pharmacies basically consists of the storing, dispensing and preparation ofmedication. These tasks, combined with the pharmaceutical care provided to patients and customers,involve a great deal of responsibility that depends on knowledge and safeguarding of the currentlegislation and a solid scientific and technical training. A pharmacy is, at the same time, a centre ofeducation and prevention in health, diet and cosmetics(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Farmácias/organização & administração , Farmácias , /organização & administração , /tendências , Educação Baseada em Competências/métodos , Educação Baseada em Competências/normas , Assistência Farmacêutica , Educação Baseada em Competências/organização & administração , Educação Baseada em Competências/tendências , 28574/métodos , Assistência Farmacêutica , Assistência Farmacêutica/organização & administração
8.
Farm Hosp ; 33(6): 296-304, 2009.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20038388

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To establish a quality indicator for pharmaceutical care in an integral system for personalized medication dispensing (ISPMD) with electronic prescription. METHODS: Descriptive transversal study. PERIOD: 2007. On a daily basis, we revised the pharmaceutical treatment of patients admitted to hospital units with ISPMD. STUDY VARIABLES: a) suitability of pharmaceutical interventions: important or very important; b) acceptance of those interventions. The LASER method was used to identify patients with improvement opportunities. RESULTS: In absolute terms (mean +/- SD): important pharmaceutical interventions, 26.6 +/- 14.8; very important, 31.5 +/- 24.6; acceptance, 57.5 +/- 25.9. Percentages (95 % CI): pharmaceutical interventions: important, 33.7 (9.3-58.0); very important, 39.80 (17.7-62.2); acceptance, 72.6 (64.7-80.5). CONCLUSIONS: Implementation of the quality indicator for pharmaceutical care allowed us to evaluate the clinical significance and the acceptance rate of the pharmaceutical care being provided.


Assuntos
Prescrição Eletrônica/normas , Sistemas de Medicação no Hospital/normas , Serviço de Farmácia Hospitalar/normas , Indicadores de Qualidade em Assistência à Saúde , Adulto , Sistemas de Notificação de Reações Adversas a Medicamentos/organização & administração , Sistemas de Notificação de Reações Adversas a Medicamentos/normas , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Controle de Formulários e Registros , Humanos , Masculino , Erros de Medicação/prevenção & controle , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Aceitação pelo Paciente de Cuidados de Saúde , Serviço de Farmácia Hospitalar/organização & administração , Encaminhamento e Consulta/organização & administração , Adulto Jovem
9.
Farm. hosp ; 33(6): 296-304, nov.-dic. 2009. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-105322

RESUMO

Objetivo: Establecer un indicador de calidad de atención farmacéutica en un centro con sistema integral de dispensación individualizada de medicación (SIDIM) y prescripción electrónica. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal. Periodo: año 2007. Se realizó una revisión diaria del tratamiento farmacoterapéutico de los pacientes ingresados en unidades de hospitalización con SIDIM. Variables de estudio: a) idoneidad de las intervenciones farmacéuticas: importantes, muy importantes, y b) aceptación de éstas. Para la identificación de pacientes con oportunidades de mejora en su farmacoterapia se empleó la metodología LASER®. Resultados: En términos absolutos (media ± desviación estándar): intervenciones farmacéuticas importantes, 26,6 ± 14,8; muy importantes, 31,5 ± 24,6; aceptación, 57,5 ± 25,9. En porcentaje (intervalo de confianza del 95 %): intervenciones farmacéuticas importantes, 33,7 (9,3-58,0); muy importantes, 39,80 (17,7-62,2); aceptación, 72,6 (64,7-80,5). Conclusiones: La implantación del indicador de calidad de atención farmacéutica ha permitido evaluar la significación clínica y el grado de aceptación de las intervenciones farmacéuticas realizadas (AU)


Objective: To establish a quality indicator for pharmaceutical care in an integral system for personalised medication dispensing (ISPMD) with electronic prescription. Methods: Descriptive transversal study. Period: 2007. On a daily basis, we revised the pharmaceutical treatment of patients admitted to hospital units with ISPMD. Study variables: a) suitability of pharmaceutical interventions: important or very important; b) acceptance of those interventions. The LASER® method was used to identify patients with improvement opportunities. Results: In absolute terms (mean ± SD): important pharmaceutical interventions, 26.6 ± 14.8; very important, 31.5 ± 24.6; acceptance, 57.5 ± 25.9. Percentages (95 % CI): pharmaceutical interventions: important, 33.7 (9.3-58.0); very important, 39.80 (17.7-62.2); acceptance, 72.6 (64.7-80.5). Conclusions: Implementation of the quality indicator for pharmaceutical care allowed us to evaluate the clinical significance and the acceptance rate of the pharmaceutical care being provided (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Indicadores de Qualidade em Assistência à Saúde/organização & administração , Assistência Farmacêutica , Assistência Farmacêutica/estatística & dados numéricos , Avaliação de Resultado de Intervenções Terapêuticas , Prescrição Eletrônica/estatística & dados numéricos , Registros Eletrônicos de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos
10.
Farm. aten. prim ; 6(1): 11-14, 2008. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-70559

RESUMO

Objetivo: Determinar si la duración de los tratamientos con benzodiazepinas, sus análogos y antidepresivosse ajusta a las recomendaciones farmacológicas. Evaluar la efectividad y reacciones adversas de estos tratamientos,así como promover la notificación de dichas reacciones. Diseño: Estudio descriptivo transversalbasado en encuestas directas. Emplazamiento: Farmacias comunitarias de Baleares. Participantes: Seincluyó mediante muestreo consecutivo a 236 pacientes menores de 65 años que acudieran a la farmacia conuna prescripción del Sistema Nacional de Salud de una benzodiazepina, análogo o antidepresivo. Medicionesprincipales: Principio activo, indicación, duración de los tratamientos, efectividad, reacciones adversasy su notificación. Resultados: Fueron de duración superior al año los siguientes tratamientos: el 55.07%de los utilizados para tratar la ansiedad, el 56,52% para el insomnio crónico y, 87,5% de los tratamientos conalprazolam para tratar la ansiedad con depresión. En cambio el 52% de los tratamientos de depresiónfueron de duración inferior a 1 año. Según los pacientes, el 6,2% de los tratamientos no fueron efectivos y el13,9% lo fueron sólo al principio. La tasa de notificación de reacciones adversas al sistema de farmacovigilanciafue del 4,43%. La frecuencia de aparición de reacciones adversas fue prácticamente igual en todos losgrupos de fármacos estudiados. El diazepam, bromazepam y escitalopram fueron los fármacos en los que sedetectaron más reacciones adversas. Conclusiones: La duración de los tratamientos con psicofármacos nose adecua en muchas ocasiones a las recomendaciones. Además, en estos tratamientos se detectan múltiplesreacciones adversas pero se notifican pocas. Es necesaria una intervención multidisciplinar en AtenciónPrimaria para solventar los problemas hallados


Aim: To determine whether the duration of treatments with bezodiazepines, their analogues and antidepressantsare according to pharmacological recommendations. To evaluate the effectiveness and adverse reactionsto such treatments and to promote their notification. Design: Transversal descriptive study based ondirect questionnaires. Location: Community pharmacies in the Balearic Islands. Participants: Throughconsecutive surveying, it included 236 patients less than 65 years old who came to any participant pharmacywith a prescription issued by the Spanish National Health Service for a benzodiazepine, an analogue ofthem or an antidepressant. Evaluation: Active principle, treatment, length of treatment, effectiveness, adversereactions and their notification. Results: Several drugs were being used for over a year: 55.07% ofantianxiety treatments, 56.52% of drugs used for chronic insomnia, and 87.5% of alprazolam for treatmentsof anxiety with depression. In contrast many depression treatments had a relatively short duration (undera year in 52% of cases). According to the patients, 6.2% of treatments prescribed were not effective, whereas13.9% were only effective at the beginning of the treatment. The rate of notification of adverse drug reactionswas 4.43% In all drug groups studied, the frequency of adverse reactions detected was similar. Diazepam,bromazepam and escitalopram were the drugs accounting for most adverse reactions. Conclusions: In manycases, the length of treatment using psychotropic drugs is not carried out according to recommendations.Furthermore, multiple adverse reactions are detected but rather few are notified. We feel that in order to solvethe problems encountered, multidisciplinary actions must be taken at the level of Primary Health Care


Assuntos
Humanos , Ansiolíticos/uso terapêutico , Hipnóticos e Sedativos/uso terapêutico , Antidepressivos/uso terapêutico , Prescrições de Medicamentos/estatística & dados numéricos , Uso de Medicamentos/estatística & dados numéricos , Farmácias/estatística & dados numéricos , Efetividade , Benzodiazepinas/farmacocinética , Ansiedade/tratamento farmacológico , Distúrbios do Início e da Manutenção do Sono/tratamento farmacológico , Depressão/tratamento farmacológico
11.
Pharm. care Esp ; 6(2): 72-78, abr.-jun. 2004. ilus, tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-147551

RESUMO

Los antipsicóticos típicos han sido capaces de controlar los síntomas positivos de la esquizofrenia y reducir su morbilidad; no obstante, sus reacciones adversas han limitado su uso. Con la síntesis de la clozapina en 1959 aparecen los antipsicóticos atípicos, fármacos con un mecanismo de acción diferente y con menor tendencia a producir reacciones adversas extrapiramidales. No obstante, los antipsicóticos atípicos no están exentos de efectos adversos, además de un elevado precio y una experiencia clínica todavía limitada. El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar la evolución del consumo de los antipsicóticos, diferenciando los antipsicóticos atípicos de los típicos en el ámbito del sector público sanitario de la Comunidad Valenciana. Para ello, se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de todas las prescripciones realizadas con receta oficial de la Seguridad Social durante el período 2000-2003. La unidad de medida que se utiliza es la DHD, que se define como la DDD por mil habitantes y día. En el período de tiempo estudiado, el consumo de antipsicóticos atípicos ha ido aumentando, principalmente olanzapina y risperidona, mientras que los antipsicóticos típicos experimentan un descenso progresivo, principalmente el haloperidol. El gasto total ha aumentado considerablemente, atribuible al coste mayor de los antipsicóticos atípicos. Sin embargo, está descrito que los neurolépticos atípicos ayudarían a reducir el costo global de la esquizofrenia al disminuir el número de recaídas y días de hospitalización. La mejor indicación de unos u otros fármacos como primera elección es la individualización del tratamiento según las características de cada paciente y patología (AU)


Atypical antipsychotic had been able to control the florid symptoms of schizophrenia and reduced morbidity, but side effects had been limited it use. Clozapine is the first of the new kind of antipsychotic called atypical, with less extrapyramidal symptoms, different side effect profile and higher price. There are no available data to support better cost-effectivity using these drugs instead of classical antipsychotics. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the cost impact of the antipsychotic drugs in the Comunidad Valenciana. We did a retrospective study of all the prescriptions done with official receipt during 2000-2003. We use the defined daily dose for thousand patients and day (DHD) as a unit to measure drug consumition. In the study period, prescription rates increase with olanzapine and risperidone and typical antipsychotics prescription decrease because of haloperidol. Although some authors affirm that total direct medical costs associated with atypical antipsychotics appear to be at least equivalent and in some cases lower than those associated with conventional agents. Nevertheless, once a patient is diagnosed, management should be accordance with approved guidelines for these conditions (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Antipsicóticos/uso terapêutico , Transtornos Psicóticos/tratamento farmacológico , Esquizofrenia/tratamento farmacológico , Uso de Medicamentos/estatística & dados numéricos , Antipsicóticos/efeitos adversos , Custos de Medicamentos/estatística & dados numéricos , Epidemiologia Descritiva
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