Simultaneous separation of naproxen and 6-O-desmethylnaproxen metabolite in saliva samples by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry: Pharmacokinetic study of naproxen alone and associated with esomeprazole.

Naproxen is a widely used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug for the control of postoperative inflammatory signs and symptoms in dentistry. Its association with esomeprazole has been widely studied and has yielded good results for the control of acute pain, even with the delayed absorption of naproxen owing to the presence of esomeprazole. To further understand the absorption, distribution, and metabolism of this drug alone and in combination with esomeprazole, we will analyze the pharmacokinetic parameters of naproxen and its major metabolite, 6-O-desmethylnaproxen, in saliva samples. A rapid, sensitive, and selective liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric method for the simultaneous determination of naproxen and 6-O-desmethylnaproxen in saliva will be developed and validated. Sequential saliva samples from six patients will be analyzed before and 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 8, 11, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after the ingestion of one naproxen tablet (500 mg) and esomeprazole-associated naproxen tablets (500 + 20 mg), at two different times. After liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate and HCl, the samples will be analyzed using an 8040 Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan). Separation of naproxen and its major metabolic products will be performed using a Shim-Pack XR-ODS 75Lx2.0 column and C18 pre-column (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan) at 40°C using a mixture of methanol and 10 mM ammonium acetate (70:30, v/v) with an injection flow of 0.3 mL/min. The total analytical run time will be 5 min. The detection and quantification of naproxen and its metabolite will be validated, which elucidate the pharmacokinetics of this drug, thereby contributing to its proper prescription for the medical and dental interventions that cause acute pain.

Grupo de apoio para pais de crianças com implante coclear / Support group for parents of children with cochlear implant / Grupo de apoyo para padres de niños con implante coclear

O objetivo deste artigo foi apresentar um levantamento bibliográfico sobre grupos de apoio para pais de crianças com implante coclear e discutir os resultados encontrados, buscando evidenciar a importância e os benefícios da utilização dessa ferramenta de auxílio aos pais e cuidadores. Entre os meses de setembro de 2013 e março de 2014 foi realizada a busca de estudos sobre "Grupo de Apoio para pais de crianças com deficiência auditiva, usuárias de implante coclear" nas bases de dados eletrônicas Pubmed, Scielo e Lilacs, utilizando a combinação de descritores selecionados previamente. Após este levantamento, 15 estudos foram selecionados para análise e discussão. Verificou-se a escassez da literatura sobre o tema. No entanto, foi possível constatar que a realização de grupos de apoio com a família de crianças ou pacientes com determinadas deficiências, ou outras condições de saúde, é uma ferramenta de extrema importância, pois permite aos pais enfrentarem as situações complexas com mais segurança, promovendo trocas de experiências, reflexão, alívio do estresse, além de amenizar a ansiedade entre os familiares. Portanto, os estudos analisados indicam a necessidade de algum tipo de suporte aos pais no enfrentamento da deficiência auditiva de seus filhos, de outras deficiências ou condições de saúde, sendo uma ferramenta de suporte emocional fundamental. (AU)

The objective was to present a literature review about support groups for parents of children with cochlear implants and discuss the results in order to enhance the importance and benefits of using this tool to help parents and caregivers. Between the months of September 2013 and March 2014 a search was performed for studies on "Support Group for parents of hearing impaired children with cochlear implants" in electronic databases Pubmed, Scielo and Lilacs, using the combination of descriptors previously selected. After this survey, 15 studies were selected for analysis and discussion. A literature search of the subject indicated a lack there of. However it was found that the performance of support groups with the family of children or patients with certain disabilities or other health conditions is an extremely important tool because it allows parents face complex situations safer, promotes exchange of experiences among family, reflection, stress relief, and decrease anxiety. Therefore, the studies analyzed indicate the need for some kind of support to parents in coping with hearing loss of their children, other disabilities or health conditions, as a fundamental emotional support tool. (AU)

El presente documento tiene por objetivo recabar la literatura existente sobre la importancia y los beneficios de los grupos de apoyo para padres y cuidadores de niños con implantes cocleares en el uso de esta herramienta. Para lograr este cometido, entre septiembre de 2013 y marzo de 2014 se buscaron estudios en las librerías electrónicas de prestigiosas entidades como Pubmed, Scielo y Lilacs, a través de descriptores previamente seleccionados. Aun cuando la literatura asociada a este tema es escasa, se seleccionaron 15 documentos que fueron analizados y discutidos, deduciendo que la ayuda prestada por los grupos de apoyo a las personas cercanas a los niños con alguna discapacidad física o de salud es vital, porque les permite actuar con mayor seguridad en situaciones complejas, promueve el intercambio de experiencia, da espacio a la reflexión, alivia el estrés y la ansiedad. Por lo tanto, de los estudios analizados se concluye que los grupos de apoyo son una herramienta fundamental para el apoyo emocional de padres y cercanos a los niños con discapacidades o problemas de salud, en especial para hacer frente a la pérdida de audición de los menores. (AU)

Speech perception in users of hearing aid with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder.

PURPOSE: To analyze speech perception in children with pre-lingual hearing loss with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder users of bilateral hearing aid. METHODS: This is a descriptive and exploratory study carried out at the Research Center Audiological (HRAC/USP). The study included four children aged between 8 years and 3 months and 12 years and 2 months. Lists of monosyllabic words, two syllables, nonsense words and sentences, the Infant Toddler-Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale (IT-MAIS) and the Meaningful Use of Speech Scale (MUSS), hearing, and language categories were used. All lists were applied in acoustic booth, with speakers, in free field, in silence. RESULTS: The results showed an average 69.5% for the list of monosyllabic words, 87.75% for the list of two-syllable words, 89.92% for the list of nonsense syllables, and 92.5% for the list of sentences. CONCLUSION: The therapeutic process that includes the use of bilateral hearing aid was extremely satisfactory, since it allowed the maximum development of auditory skills.

Percepção de fala em deficientes auditivos pré-linguais com desordem do espectro da neuropatia auditiva usuários de aparelho auditivo de amplificação sonora / Speech perception in users of hearing aid with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a percepção de fala em crianças portadoras de deficiência auditiva pré-lingual com desordem do espectro da neuropatia auditiva (DENA) usuárias de aparelho de amplificação sonora individual (AASI) bilateral. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e exploratório realizado no Centro de Pesquisas Audiológicas da Sessão de Implante Coclear do Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais (HRAC/USP). Foram avaliadas 4 crianças com idade variando entre 8 anos e 3 meses e 12 anos e 2 meses. Foram utilizados: listas de palavras monossílabas, dissílabas, palavras sem sentido e sentenças, Escala de Integração Auditiva Significativa para Crianças Pequenas (IT-MAIS) e Questionário de Avaliação da Linguagem Oral (MUSS), categorias de linguagem e audição. Todas as listas foram aplicadas em cabine acústica, à viva-voz, em campo livre, no silêncio. Resultados: Os resultados apresentaram média de 69,5% para a lista de palavras monossílabas, 87,75% para a lista de palavras dissílabas, 89,92% para a lista de sílabas sem sentido e 92,5% para a lista de sentenças. Conclusão: O processo terapêutico aplicado, que incluiu o uso do AASI bilateral, foi extremamente satisfatório, uma vez que possibilitou o desenvolvimento máximo das habilidades auditivas.

ABSTRACT Purpose: To analyze speech perception in children with pre-lingual hearing loss with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder users of bilateral hearing aid. Methods: This is a descriptive and exploratory study carried out at the Research Center Audiological (HRAC/USP). The study included four children aged between 8 years and 3 months and 12 years and 2 months. Lists of monosyllabic words, two syllables, nonsense words and sentences, the Infant Toddler-Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale (IT-MAIS) and the Meaningful Use of Speech Scale (MUSS), hearing, and language categories were used. All lists were applied in acoustic booth, with speakers, in free field, in silence. Results: The results showed an average 69.5% for the list of monosyllabic words, 87.75% for the list of two-syllable words, 89.92% for the list of nonsense syllables, and 92.5% for the list of sentences. Conclusion: The therapeutic process that includes the use of bilateral hearing aid was extremely satisfactory, since it allowed the maximum development of auditory skills.

Tele-health: assessment of websites on newborn hearing screening in Portuguese Language.

PURPOSE: To verify the aspects of technical quality and the content of websites on neonatal hearing screening in Portuguese. METHODS: Eighteen audiologists, invited to participate according to the inclusion criteria, selected descriptors of websites for research using the Delphi technique. Later, they were fed into Google Trends to get the possible terms to be used by parents in finding information on the Internet about the subject. They were then fed into Google to search the websites. The following assessment instruments were used: list of topics on newborn hearing screening, Flesch Reading Ease Score Formula, Health-Related Web Site Evaluation Emory Form, and PageRank. RESULTS: The most discussed topics in the 19 websites were on the objectives and benefits of neonatal hearing screening, as well as the process of audiological diagnosis. The least discussed were about the false-negative result, development of hearing and language, false-positive results, audiologic, interpretation of results - "Pass"/"Do not pass", retest, and protocol. Difficult reading level was prevalent, with aspects of technical quality considered the best quality-related content, audience, navigation, and structure. The results also showed there is no culture of inserting links on Brazilian national websites, so they had little relevance on Google. CONCLUSIONS: The sites differed in the aspects addressed because there is a need to revise the reading level of the content and quality of the technical aspects regarding the accuracy and timeliness of information, authorship, and links.

Telessaúde: avaliação de websites sobre triagem auditiva neonatal na Língua Portuguesa / Tele-health: assessment of websites on newborn hearing screening in Portuguese Language

RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar os aspectos de qualidade técnica e o conteúdo doswebsites sobre triagem auditiva neonatal na Língua Portuguesa. Métodos: Dezoito fonoaudiólogos, convidados de acordo com critérios de inclusão, selecionaram os descritores para a pesquisa dos websitespor meio da Técnica Delphi. Posteriormente, foram inseridos no Google Trends a fim de se acrescentar os termos possíveis de utilização pelos pais na busca de informações na internet sobre o assunto. Em seguida, foram inseridos no Google para pesquisa dos websites . Foram utilizados os seguintes instrumentos de avaliação: lista de tópicos sobre triagem auditiva neonatal, fórmula Flesch Reading Ease Score ,questionário Health-Related Web Site Evaluation Form Emory e o PageRank . Resultados: Os tópicos mais abordados nos 19 websites foram sobre os objetivos e benefícios da triagem auditiva neonatal, assim como o processo de diagnóstico audiológico. Os menos discutidos foram sobre o resultado falso-negativo, desenvolvimento da audição e da linguagem, resultado falso-positivo, acompanhamento audiológico, interpretação dos resultados - "Passa" / "Não passa", reteste e protocolo. Prevaleceu um nível de leitura dos textos considerado difícil, sendo os aspectos de qualidade técnica considerados de melhor qualidade os relacionados ao conteúdo, público, navegação e estrutura. Os resultados também demonstraram não existir uma cultura de inserir links noswebsites nacionais, o que os fizeram ser considerados de pouca relevância no Google. Conclusões: Os websites diferiram quanto aos aspectos abordados, assim como, há necessidade de revisar o nível de leitura dos conteúdos e os aspectos de qualidade técnica referentes à precisão e atualização das informações, autoria e links .

ABSTRACT Purpose: To verify the aspects of technical quality and the content of websites on neonatal hearing screening in Portuguese. Methods: Eighteen audiologists, invited to participate according to the inclusion criteria, selected descriptors of websites for research using the Delphi technique. Later, they were fed into Google Trends to get the possible terms to be used by parents in finding information on the Internet about the subject. They were then fed into Google to search the websites. The following assessment instruments were used: list of topics on newborn hearing screening, Flesch Reading Ease Score Formula, Health-Related Web Site Evaluation Emory Form, and PageRank. Results: The most discussed topics in the 19 websites were on the objectives and benefits of neonatal hearing screening, as well as the process of audiological diagnosis. The least discussed were about the false-negative result, development of hearing and language, false-positive results, audiologic, interpretation of results - "Pass"/"Do not pass", retest, and protocol. Difficult reading level was prevalent, with aspects of technical quality considered the best quality-related content, audience, navigation, and structure. The results also showed there is no culture of inserting links on Brazilian national websites, so they had little relevance on Google. Conclusions: The sites differed in the aspects addressed because there is a need to revise the reading level of the content and quality of the technical aspects regarding the accuracy and timeliness of information, authorship, and links.

Grupo de apoio psicossocial: experiências de pais de crianças com deficiência auditiva usuárias de implante coclear / Psychosocial support group: experiences of parents of hearing-impaired children who use cochlear implants / Grupo de apoyo psicosocial: experiencias de padres de niños con problemas de audición que utilizan implant coclear

O presente estudo tem como objetivo compreender a experiência dos pais de crianças com deficiência auditiva e usuárias de implante coclear ao participar de um grupo de apoio psicossocial do Programa de Implante Coclear do Centro de Pesquisas Audiológicas/Seção de Implante Coclear do Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais da Universidade de São Paulo. Foram entrevistados dez pais que participaram do grupo de apoio psicossocial e a análise das entrevistas baseou-se no método fenomenológico, permeada pela questão norteadora: como tem sido para você participar do grupo de apoio psicossocial? Emergiram, como resultado, seis categorias temáticas, sendo elas: troca de experiências, que se desdobrou em duas subcategorias: aprendizagem e esclarecimento de dúvidas; motivação; suporte emocional; sentimento de pertencimento; sentir com o outro;e processo de reflexão.Conclui-se que o grupo de apoio psicossocial constitui relevante estratégia de cuidado oferecida aos familiares de crianças com implante coclear. Espera-se, portanto, que esta pesquisa possa trazer contribuições à ciência e àprática profissional por possibilitar a compreensão da importância do grupo de apoio.

This study aims at understanding the experiences of parents of hearing-impaired children who use cochlear implants, members of a psychosocial support group of the Cochlear Implant Program at the Audiology Research Center/Cochlear Implant Section of the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies of the University of São Paulo. We interviewed ten parents who were participating in the psychosocial support group; the analysis of the interviews was based on the phenomenological method, with the following guiding question: how do you feel about participating in the psychosocial support group? As a result, six thematic categories emerged, namely: exchange of experiences, which unfolded into two subcategories: learning and clarification of doubts; and motivation, emotional support, sense of belonging, feeling with othersand reflection process.The conclusion is that the psychosocial support group is a relevant care strategy for family members of children with cochlear implants. It is therefore expected that this research can bring contributions to science and professional practice by enabling the comprehension of the importance of support groups.

Este estudio tiene como objetivo comprender la experiencia de los padres de niños con problemas de audición e utilizando implantes cocleares para unirse a un grupo de apoyo psicosocial que pertenece ao Programa de Implante Coclear del Centro de Investigación Audiológica/Sección de Implante Coclear del Hospital de Rehabilitación de AnomalíasCraneofaciales de la Universidad de São Paulo. Fueron entrevistados diez padres que participaron del grupo de apoyo psicosocial y el análisis de las entrevistas se basó en el método fenomenológico, permeada por la pregunta orientadora: ¿cómo ha sido para que usted participe en el grupo de apoyo psicosocial? Surgió como resultado, seis categorías temáticas, que son: el intercambio de experiencias, que se dividió en dos subcategorías: aprendizaje y aclaración de dudas; motivación; el apoyo emocional; sentimiento de pertenencia; sentir con el otro;y proceso de reflexión. Llegamos a la conclusión de que el grupo de apoyo psicosocial es estrategia de atención relevante ofrecido a las familias de niños con implantes cocleares. Por ello, esperamos que esta investigación puede traer contribuciones relevantes a la ciencia y la práctica profesional, permitiendo la comprensión de la importancia del grupo de apoyo.

Grupo de apoio psicossocial: experiências de pais de crianças com deficiência auditiva usuárias de implante coclear / Psychosocial support group: experiences of parents of hearing-impaired children who use cochlear implants / Grupo de apoyo psicosocial: experiencias de padres de niños con problemas de audición que utilizan implant coclear

O presente estudo tem como objetivo compreender a experiência dos pais de crianças com deficiência auditiva e usuárias de implante coclear ao participar de um grupo de apoio psicossocial do Programa de Implante Coclear do Centro de Pesquisas Audiológicas/Seção de Implante Coclear do Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais da Universidade de São Paulo. Foram entrevistados dez pais que participaram do grupo de apoio psicossocial e a análise das entrevistas baseou-se no método fenomenológico, permeada pela questão norteadora: como tem sido para você participar do grupo de apoio psicossocial? Emergiram, como resultado, seis categorias temáticas, sendo elas: troca de experiências, que se desdobrou em duas subcategorias: aprendizagem e esclarecimento de dúvidas; motivação; suporte emocional; sentimento de pertencimento; sentir com o outro;e processo de reflexão.Conclui-se que o grupo de apoio psicossocial constitui relevante estratégia de cuidado oferecida aos familiares de crianças com implante coclear. Espera-se, portanto, que esta pesquisa possa trazer contribuições à ciência e àprática profissional por possibilitar a compreensão da importância do grupo de apoio(AU)

This study aims at understanding the experiences of parents of hearing-impaired children who use cochlear implants, members of a psychosocial support group of the Cochlear Implant Program at the Audiology Research Center/Cochlear Implant Section of the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies of the University of São Paulo. We interviewed ten parents who were participating in the psychosocial support group; the analysis of the interviews was based on the phenomenological method, with the following guiding question: how do you feel about participating in the psychosocial support group? As a result, six thematic categories emerged, namely: exchange of experiences, which unfolded into two subcategories: learning and clarification of doubts; and motivation, emotional support, sense of belonging, feeling with othersand reflection process.The conclusion is that the psychosocial support group is a relevant care strategy for family members of children with cochlear implants. It is therefore expected that this research can bring contributions to science and professional practice by enabling the comprehension of the importance of support groups(AU)

Este estudio tiene como objetivo comprender la experiencia de los padres de niños con problemas de audición e utilizando implantes cocleares para unirse a un grupo de apoyo psicosocial que pertenece ao Programa de Implante Coclear del Centro de Investigación Audiológica/Sección de Implante Coclear del Hospital de Rehabilitación de AnomalíasCraneofaciales de la Universidad de São Paulo. Fueron entrevistados diez padres que participaron del grupo de apoyo psicosocial y el análisis de las entrevistas se basó en el método fenomenológico, permeada por la pregunta orientadora: ¿cómo ha sido para que usted participe en el grupo de apoyo psicosocial? Surgió como resultado, seis categorías temáticas, que son: el intercambio de experiencias, que se dividió en dos subcategorías: aprendizaje y aclaración de dudas; motivación; el apoyo emocional; sentimiento de pertenencia; sentir con el otro;y proceso de reflexión. Llegamos a la conclusión de que el grupo de apoyo psicosocial es estrategia de atención relevante ofrecido a las familias de niños con implantes cocleares. Por ello, esperamos que esta investigación puede traer contribuciones relevantes a la ciencia y la práctica profesional, permitiendo la comprensión de la importancia del grupo de apoyo(AU)

Frequency Modulation System and speech perception in the classroom: a systematic literature review.

PURPOSE: This review aimed at presenting the benefits regarding the speech perception in noise shown by children who wear hearing aid devices and/or cochlear implants with the Frequency Modulation (FM) System at school. RESEARCH STRATEGY: A bibliographic survey was conducted in an electronic database with standardized search until the year 2012, and a manual search was performed by using specific keywords. SELECTION CRITERIA: For the selection and evaluation of the scientific studies chosen in the search, criteria were established covering the following aspects: type of study, participants, adopted intervention, and evaluation of results. DATA ANALYSIS: The FM system was verified to improve speech perception and speech threshold in noise in all studies. RESULTS: Regarding the performance as to type, the best results were obtained when children used the personal FM system, followed by the table and the sound field systems. CONCLUSION: After extensive review of national and international literature, it was concluded that the studies indicate the need for further research concerning mainly the impact of the FM system on the school performance of children who have sensory devices coupled to the FM system. Findings in the literature with relation to the publications focused on speech perception in noise did not relate educational and auditory aspects.

Frequency Modulation System and speech perception in the classroom: a systematic literature review / Sistema de Frequência Modulada e percepção da fala em sala de aula: revisão sistemática da literatura

PURPOSE: This review aimed at presenting the benefits regarding the speech perception in noise shown by children who wear hearing aid devices and/or cochlear implants with the Frequency Modulation (FM) System at school. RESEARCH STRATEGY: A bibliographic survey was conducted in an electronic database with standardized search until the year 2012, and a manual search was performed by using specific keywords. SELECTION CRITERIA: For the selection and evaluation of the scientific studies chosen in the search, criteria were established covering the following aspects: type of study, participants, adopted intervention, and evaluation of results. DATA ANALYSIS: The FM system was verified to improve speech perception and speech threshold in noise in all studies. RESULTS: Regarding the performance as to type, the best results were obtained when children used the personal FM system, followed by the table and the sound field systems. CONCLUSION: After extensive review of national and international literature, it was concluded that the studies indicate the need for further research concerning mainly the impact of the FM system on the school performance of children who have sensory devices coupled to the FM system. Findings in the literature with relation to the publications focused on speech perception in noise did not relate educational and auditory aspects. .

OBJETIVO: Esta revisão teve como objetivo apresentar os benefícios, em relação à percepção de fala no ruído, que crianças usuárias de aparelho de amplificação sonora individual e/ou implante coclear demonstram com o Sistema de Frequência Modulada (FM) na escola. ESTRATÉGIA DE PESQUISA: Foi realizado levantamento bibliográfico conduzido em base eletrônica de dados com busca padronizada até o ano de 2012 e busca manual, utilizando palavras-chave específicas. CRITÉRIOS DE SELEÇÃO: Para a seleção e avaliação dos estudos científicos levantados na busca, foram estabelecidos critérios contemplando os aspectos: tipo de estudo, participantes, intervenção adotada e avaliação dos resultados. ANÁLISE DOS DADOS: Foi possível verificar que o Sistema de FM melhora a percepção de fala e o limiar de fala no ruído, sendo esses resultados encontrados em todos os estudos. RESULTADOS: Em relação ao desempenho quanto ao tipo, os melhores resultados foram obtidos quando as crianças utilizavam o Sistema de FM pessoal, seguido pelo de mesa e o campo livre. CONCLUSÃO: Após a extensa revisão da literatura nacional e internacional, foi possível concluir que os estudos indicam a necessidade de pesquisas voltadas principalmente ao impacto do Sistema de FM no desempenho escolar de crianças usuárias de dispositivos sensoriais acoplados ao Sistema de FM. O que foi encontrado na literatura específica quanto às publicações voltadas à questão da percepção de fala no ruído não relacionaram os aspectos educacionais e auditivos. .

Performance of hearing skills in children with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder using cochlear implant: a systematic review, / Resultados do desempenho das habilidades auditivas em crianças com o espectro da neuropatia auditiva usuárias de implante coclear: revisão sistemática

Introduction: Currently, there are no doubts about the benefits of cochlear implants for the development of children with severe or profound hearing loss. However, there is still no consensus among researchers and professionals regarding the benefits for the improvement of hearing skills in children with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder using cochlear implants. Objective: Review the available evidence in the literature to answer the following: "What is the performance of hearing skills in children with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder using cochlear implants?" Methods: Systematic review of the literature through electronic database consultation, considering publications in the period 2002-2013. Results: Twenty-two studies met the criteria and were included in the systematic review. Conclusion: The analyzed studies demonstrated that after cochlear implant surgery, individuals with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder improved their performance of hearing skills and had similar performance to that of children with sensorineural hearing loss using cochlear implant. .

Introdução: Atualmente não restam dúvidas quanto aos benefícios do uso do implante coclear no desenvolvimento da população infantil com perda auditiva de grau severo e/ou profundo. Entretanto, ainda não há um consenso entre pesquisadores e profissionais sobre os seus benefícios para a melhora das habilidades auditivas em crianças com o espectro da neuropatia auditiva usuárias de implante coclear. Objetivo: Revisar a evidência disponível na literatura para responder ao questionamento: "Quais os resultados do desempenho das habilidades auditivas em crianças com o espectro da neuropatia auditiva usuárias de implante coclear?" Método: Revisão sistemática da literatura, a partir da consulta de bases de dados eletrônicas, considerando publicações no período de 2002 a 2013. Resultados: Vinte e dois estudos contemplaram os critérios e foram incluídos na revisão sistemática. Conclusão: Os estudos analisados demonstraram que, após a cirurgia de IC, os indivíduos como espectro da neuropatia auditiva melhoraram o desempenho das habilidades auditivas e apresentaram desempenho semelhante ao de crianças com perda auditiva sensorioneural usuárias de implante coclear. .

Performance of hearing skills in children with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder using cochlear implant: a systematic review.

INTRODUCTION: Currently, there are no doubts about the benefits of cochlear implants for the development of children with severe or profound hearing loss. However, there is still no consensus among researchers and professionals regarding the benefits for the improvement of hearing skills in children with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder using cochlear implants. OBJECTIVE: Review the available evidence in the literature to answer the following: "What is the performance of hearing skills in children with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder using cochlear implants?" METHODS: Systematic review of the literature through electronic database consultation, considering publications in the period 2002-2013. RESULTS: Twenty-two studies met the criteria and were included in the systematic review. CONCLUSION: The analyzed studies demonstrated that after cochlear implant surgery, individuals with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder improved their performance of hearing skills and had similar performance to that of children with sensorineural hearing loss using cochlear implant.

Parental perspectives of children using cochlear implant / Perspectivas dos pais de crianças usuárias de implante coclear

PURPOSE: To evaluate the parents' perspective with regard to evolution of their child with cochlear implant (CI). METHODS: This was a cross-sectional prospective study conducted at the Centro de Pesquisas Audiológicas of Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais of Universidade de São Paulo. The selection of the sample was performed from the spontaneous demand, among the months from July to December 2011. The final sample comprised 50 parents or guardians of children using CI, with minimum 1 year and maximum of 3 years of device use. The translated and adapted to Brazilian Portuguese version of the questionnaire "Perspectives of parents of children with cochlear implants" was applied. This instrument consists of 74 questions and allows quantification of the parents' perspective on subscales that illustrate the situation of the child and family. Each question has five options scored from one to five responses. The Spearman test for comparison of results between the subscales was applied. RESULTS: The social relationships, self-sufficiency, and communication subscales showed the highest mean score, whereas the worst score was for child support subscale, reflecting the independence and autonomy of the patients. The correlation between the child subscales was realized, and the results showed themselves significant and positive for communication subscale of communication with all others subscales. The family subscales also had a positive correlation with the communication, education, and self-sufficiency. CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate that parents have good expectations regarding communication, independence, and social participation of children after CI surgery, and this questionnaire is a useful tool for use in clinical practice. .

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a perspectiva dos pais em relação ao implante coclear (IC) sobre a evolução da criança usuária do IC. MÉTODOS: Tratou-se de um estudo prospectivo transversal desenvolvido no Centro de Pesquisas Audiológicas do Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais da Universidade de São Paulo. A seleção da casuística foi realizada a partir da demanda espontânea entre os meses de julho e dezembro de 2011. A amostra final foi composta por 50 pais ou responsáveis de crianças usuárias de IC com no mínimo um ano e máximo de três anos de uso do dispositivo. Foi aplicado o questionário Crianças com implante coclear: perspectivas dos pais, traduzido e adaptado para o Português Brasileiro. Este instrumento é composto por 74 questões e permite a quantificação da perspectiva dos pais em subescalas que ilustram a situação da criança e da família. Cada pergunta apresenta cinco opções de respostas pontuadas de um a cinco. Foi aplicado o Teste de Spearman para comparação dos resultados entre as subescalas. RESULTADOS: As subescalas relação social, autossuficiência e comunicação foram as que apresentaram maior média de pontuação. Já a pior pontuação foi da subescala de apoio à criança, reflexo da independência e autonomia dos pacientes. Quando realizada a correlação entre as subescalas relacionadas à criança, observou-se resultado estatisticamente significante e positivo da subescala de comunicação com todas as demais. As subescalas da família também apresentaram correlação positiva com a comunicação, educação e autossuficiência. CONCLUSÃO: Estes resultados demonstram que os pais apresentam boas expectativas ...

Participation in regular classroom of student with hearing loss: frequency modulation system use.

PURPOSE: Translate and adapt to Portuguese the Classroom Participation Questionnaire (CPQ) and compare the participation in regular classroom of students with hearing impairment with and without the use of frequency modulation (FM) System. METHODS: The translation and adaptation of CPQ included the translation into Portuguese, linguistic adaptation and review of grammatical and idiomatic equivalences. The questionnaire was administered to 15 children and teenagers using hearing aids (HA) and/or cochlear implant (CI), fitted with personal FM System. RESULTS: The translation of the English CPQ into the Portuguese instrument resulted in the "Questionário de participação em sala de aula" with the same number of questions as the original version; regarding linguistic adaptation, no difficulty was observed in the understanding of the items proposed in the application for students with hearing loss. CONCLUSION: The CPQ instrument was translated and culturally adapted for the Brazilian population, being named "Questionário de participação em sala de aula" in the Portuguese version. The study contributes to observation and monitoring of participation in regular classroom of students with hearing impairment using FM System. In general, students reported increased confidence and participation in the classroom with the use of FM System.

Participation in regular classroom of student with hearing loss: frequency modulation System use / Participação em sala de aula regular do aluno com deficiência auditiva: uso do Sistema de frequência modulada

PURPOSE: Translate and adapt to Portuguese the Classroom Participation Questionnaire (CPQ) and compare the participation in regular classroom of students with hearing impairment with and without the use of frequency modulation (FM) System. METHODS: The translation and adaptation of CPQ included the translation into Portuguese, linguistic adaptation and review of grammatical and idiomatic equivalences. The questionnaire was administered to 15 children and teenagers using hearing aids (HA) and/or cochlear implant (CI), fitted with personal FM System. RESULTS: The translation of the English CPQ into the Portuguese instrument resulted in the "Questionário de participação em sala de aula" with the same number of questions as the original version; regarding linguistic adaptation, no difficulty was observed in the understanding of the items proposed in the application for students with hearing loss. CONCLUSION: The CPQ instrument was translated and culturally adapted for the Brazilian population, being named "Questionário de participação em sala de aula" in the Portuguese version. The study contributes to observation and monitoring of participation in regular classroom of students with hearing impairment using FM System. In general, students reported increased confidence and participation in the classroom with the use of FM System. .

OBJETIVO: Traduzir e adaptar para o Português o questionário Classroom Participation Questionnaire (CPQ) e comparar a participação em sala de aula regular do aluno com deficiência auditiva com e sem o uso do Sistema de frequência modulada (FM). MÉTODOS: A tradução e adaptação do questionário CPQ incluiu tradução para o Português, adaptação linguística e revisão das equivalências gramatical e idiomática. O questionário foi aplicado em 15 crianças e adolescentes usuários de aparelho de amplificação sonora individual (AASI) e/ou implantes cocleares (IC), adaptados com Sistema de FM pessoal. RESULTADOS: A tradução do CPQ do Inglês para o Português resultou no instrumento "Questionário de participação em sala de aula" com o mesmo número de questões da versão original; quanto à adaptação linguística, não foi observada dificuldade na compreensão dos itens propostos na aplicação em alunos com deficiência auditiva. CONCLUSÃO: O instrumento CPQ foi traduzido e adaptado culturalmente para a população brasileira, sendo nomeado "Questionário de participação em sala de aula" na versão em Português. O estudo contribui para observação e acompanhamento da participação em sala de aula regular do aluno com deficiência auditiva usuário do Sistema de FM. De maneira geral, os alunos informaram maior confiança e participação em sala de aula com o uso do Sistema de FM. .

Falhas técnicas dos aparelhos de amplificação sonora individual dispensados pelo Sistema Único de Saúde / Technica failuree of hearing aids provided by the national health system

Objetivo : investigar quais as principais falhas técnicas dos aparelhos de amplificação sonora individual fornecidos nos serviços do Sistema Único de Saúde.Métodos : foram analisadas as falhas técnicas dos aparelhos de amplificação sonora individual em cinco serviços credenciados pelo Ministério da Saúde, entre janeiro e maio de 2009, utilizando-se estatística descritiva.Resultados : as principais falhas técnicas encontradas nos dispositivos foram 37.44% de falha no amplificador, seguidas de 25.59% de falha no microfone. Os aparelhos de amplificação sonora individual retroauriculares e de categoria tecnológica A são os que apresentam maior ocorrência de falha técnica. O tempo de vida útil dos aparelhos de amplificação sonora individual sem apresentar defeito foi de 22 meses, em média. Na maior parte da população estudada, o custo para o conserto destes dispositivos foi entre R$500,00 e R$ 1000,00. Dos casos analisados, 51.82% entraram em contato com o serviço de saúde auditiva para buscar atendimento e verificar o problema e em 61% dos casos os aparelhos de amplificação sonora individual ainda estavam no prazo de garantia e foram consertados pela assistência técnica sem custo adicional para o paciente.Conclusão : a principal falha encontrada refere-se à falha do amplificador. Os AASI retroauricular e de categoria tecnológica A são os que apresentam maior ocorrência de falha técnica.

Purpose : to investigate about repair issues of hearing aids at National Health System.Methods : it was analyzed hearing aids technical failures whose patients had showed complaints concerning the device on five different services considering the period from January to May 2009, analyzed by descriptive statistic.Results : the main technical failures found were: 37.44% of failures on amplifier, 25.59% of failures on microphone. Related to the device’s technological sort and category it’s verified that the behind the ear hearing aids and of category A presented higher technical failure incidence. It’s also observable that the devices presented utility life of 22 months on average before presenting any technical failure. In the majority of the population studied, the cost for the repair of these devices was between R $ 500,00 and $ 1000.00. From the perception of hearing aids failure by the patient, 51.82% contacted the service seeking for care and 61% of analyzed hearing aids were still on guarantee term and they were fixed by technical assistance without additional cost to patient.Conclusion : the main technical failure found was failures on amplifier. The behind the ear hearing aids and of category A presented higher technical failure incidence.

Parental perspectives of children using cochlear implant.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the parents' perspective with regard to evolution of their child with cochlear implant (CI). METHODS: This was a cross-sectional prospective study conducted at the Centro de Pesquisas Audiológicas of Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais of Universidade de São Paulo. The selection of the sample was performed from the spontaneous demand, among the months from July to December 2011. The final sample comprised 50 parents or guardians of children using CI, with minimum 1 year and maximum of 3 years of device use. The translated and adapted to Brazilian Portuguese version of the questionnaire "Perspectives of parents of children with cochlear implants" was applied. This instrument consists of 74 questions and allows quantification of the parents' perspective on subscales that illustrate the situation of the child and family. Each question has five options scored from one to five responses. The Spearman test for comparison of results between the subscales was applied. RESULTS: The social relationships, self-sufficiency, and communication subscales showed the highest mean score, whereas the worst score was for child support subscale, reflecting the independence and autonomy of the patients. The correlation between the child subscales was realized, and the results showed themselves significant and positive for communication subscale of communication with all others subscales. The family subscales also had a positive correlation with the communication, education, and self-sufficiency. CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate that parents have good expectations regarding communication, independence, and social participation of children after CI surgery, and this questionnaire is a useful tool for use in clinical practice.

Hearing aid fitting at SUS (Brazilian Public Health Care System) compared with a compact fitting model.

UNLABELLED: In the present days it is critical to identify the factors that contribute to the quality of the audiologic care provided. The hearing aid fitting model proposed by the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) implies multidisciplinary care. This leads to some relevant and current questions. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare the results of the hearing aid fitting model proposed by the SUS with a more compact and streamlined care. METHOD: We conducted a prospective longitudinal study with 174 participants randomly assigned to two groups: SUS Group and Streamline Group. For both groups we assessed key areas related to hearing aid fitting through the International Outcome Inventory for Hearing Aids (IOI-HA) questionnaire, in addition to evaluating the results of Speech Recognition Index (SRI) 3 and 9 months after fitting. RESULTS: Both groups had the same improvement related to the speech recognition after nine months of AASI use, and the IOI-HA didn't show any statically significant difference on three and nine months. CONCLUSION: The two strategies of care did not differ, from the clinical point of view, as regards the hearing aid fitting results obtained upon the evaluation of patients in the short and medium term, thus changes in the current model of care should be considered.

Measures of quality of life in children with cochlear implant: systematic review.

UNLABELLED: The use of cochlear implant (CI) in children enables the development of listening and communication skills, allowing the child's progress in school and to be able to obtain, maintain and carry out an occupation. However, the progress after the CI has different results in some children, because many children are able to interact and participate in society, while others develop limited ability to communicate verbally. The need for a better understanding of CI outcomes, besides hearing and language benefits, has spurred the inclusion of quality of life measurements (QOL) to assess the impact of this technology. OBJECTIVE: Identify the key aspects of quality of life assessed in children with cochlear implant. METHOD: Through a systematic literature review, we considered publications from the period of 2000 to 2011. CONCLUSION: We concluded that QOL measurements in children include several concepts and methodologies. When referring to children using CI, results showed the challenges in broadly conceptualizing which quality of life domains are important to the child and how these areas can evolve during development, considering the wide variety of instruments and aspects evaluated.

The relationship between the speech perception and the degree of satisfaction among adult users of cochlear implants

INTRODUCTION: In recent years, the benefits associated with the use of cochlear implants (CIs), especially with regard to speech perception, have proven to surpass those produced by the use of hearing aids, making CIs a highly efficient resource for patients with severe/profound hearing loss. However, few studies so far have assessed the satisfaction of adult users of CIs. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relationship between the level of speech perception and degree of satisfaction of adult users of CI. METHODS: This was a prospective cross-sectional study conducted in the Audiological Research Center (CPA) of the Hospital of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo (HRAC/USP), in Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil. A total of 12 users of CIs with pre-lingual or post-lingual hearing loss participated in this study. The following tools were used in the assessment: a questionnaire, "Satisfaction with Amplification in Daily Life" (SADL), culturally adapted to Brazilian Portuguese, as well as its relationship with the speech perception results; a speech perception test under quiet conditions; and the Hearing in Noise Test (HINT)Brazil under free field conditions. RESULTS: The participants in the study were on the whole satisfied with their devices, and the degree of satisfaction correlated positively with the ability to perceive monosyllabic words under quiet conditions. The satisfaction did not correlate with the level of speech perception in noisy environments. CONCLUSION: Assessments of satisfaction may help professionals to predict what other factors, in addition to speech perception, may contribute to the satisfaction of CI users in order to reorganize the intervention process to improve the users' quality of life.