[Role of adipose tissue in the development and progression of colorectal cancer]. / Rol' zhirovoi tkani v vozniknovenii i progressirovanii kolorektal'nogo raka.

The paper gives the current data available in the literature on the relationship and pathogenetic mechanisms of influence of adipose tissue on colorectal carcinogenesis. It considers the aspects of changes in adipose tissue and microenvironment of the tumor itself, including those under the influence of biologically active substances secreted by adipocytes; differences in subcutaneous and visceral fat and their importance in the development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC), as well as the role of adipose tissue-derived stem cells. Understanding these mechanisms for adipose tissue influence on CRC will assist not only in preventing this disease, but also in searching for new therapeutic targets.

[Gastroduodenal mucosa sensitivity to estrogen in ulcers complicated by hemorrhage].

Expression of alpha-receptors of estrogen (RE) in accordance to immunohistochemical (IHC) labeling in gastroduodenal mucosa cells was studied up in patients, suffering the ulcer disease and without it. In 4 patients (group I) a gastroduodenal mucosa affection was revealed, they were operated on for hemorrhage from gastroduodenal ulcers; in 3 patients (group II) gastroduodenal mucosa affection was not observed; in 4 patients (group III, control), a mammary gland cancer was diagnosed, a positive reaction on alpha-RE was noted. In groups I and II the biopsies were studied, obtained from pylorus and gastric fundus, as well as from duodenal ampula, and in a group III--obtained from the tumor. In a control group a positive labeling of nuclei was revealed in biopsies. In patients of groups I and II the alpha-RE expression by cellular nuclei was not revealed, but, the lots of positive IHC labeling of cytoplasm in glandular and stromal mucosal cells of the investigated gut were noted. Positive IHC labeling of cytoplasm for alpha-RE witnesses about sensitivity to them in norma and pathological processes. But, a trustworthy difference of alpha-RE expression by cellular nuclei was not noted. For confirmation or denial of this hypothesis further clinical and IHC investigations are needed.

Rare case of pathological biomineralization of eye tissue.

The authors have described the case of pathological biomineralization of ocular posterior chamber. Histological examination of affected eye shells revealed inflammation, oedema, dyscirculatory violations, and signs of dystrophic calcification. Structural-phase and chemical analyses of calcification have revealed that the biomineral consists of hydroxyapatite with relatively small crystallite size and defective crystal lattice. In the described case the formation of pathological biomineral in the vision organ was initiated by penetrating wound. Eye injury might have caused a hemophthalmus and chronic inflammatory reaction in the shells, these processes eventually led to the organ subatrophy and to the development of dystrophic and necrobiotic changes in the tissues. Pathological biomineralization in the affected organ developed as a type of dystrophic calcification.Key words: eye, pathological biomineralization, hydroxyapatite.

[EXPERIENCE OF DIAGNOSTICS AND MEDICAL TREATMENT OF THE DIEULAFOYS DISEASE].

The article is dedicated to the features of diagnostics and medical treatment of the Dieulafoys disease. Clinical description of six cases of foregoing pathology is resulted. The morphological features ulcers Dieulafoy are described. One fatal outcome of disease is analysed.

[Pathogenesis of periodontal cell DNA damage during periodontitis].

Objective of our work: To carry out a comparative assessment of the expression level p53 protein and associate it with the degree of DNA damage in inflammation of periodontal disease. The research was conducted on periodontal tissue with signs of inflammation taken from dead patients of Sumy Regional Hospital. The materials were investigated using immunohistochemistry and DNA comet assay. It was established that acute inflammation in the periodontal tissues develop changes leading to DNA damage Acute inflammation is characterized by high levels of p53 Considerable damage to the nuclear DNA is called p53. p53 in apoptosis may include inability to repair.

[Vascular-parenchymal ratio of testes under correction of exposure to combinations of heavy metals salts].

The results of the study of testes' tissue of 128 immature rats, which get within 60 days drinking water with threshold concentration of salts of copper, zinc, iron, manganese, lead, chromium. It was found that morphological changes of microvasculature was nonspecific and lead to the secondary damage of blood-testis barrier and correlated with changes in testes' parenchymal structures. Fullest possible extent of testicular parenchymal damage occurs in the areas of intensive blood supply, as well as toxic substances in these areas have a longer exposure time. Under exposure combinations of heavy metals salts of organisme the reduction of the vascular streambed in the testes is influenced by intravascular, extravascular intrawall factors. The intensity of vasculature and parenchyma violations of gland depends on duration of exposure combinations of salts of heavy metals. Applying the L-carnitine on the background of intoxication of heavy metal salts partially reduces adverse changes in testes' microvasculature streambed and parenchyma of rats.

[Spermatogenic function under the influence of heavy metal salts and its correction by preparation Tivortin].

Entrance of threshold concentrations of copper, zinc, iron, manganese, lead, chromium into the body of sexually mature male rats leads to secretory malfunction of the testicles, which manifests by a decrease of sperm concentration in the ejaculate, a decrease of percentage of motile gametes, an increase in the proportion of morphologically abnormal sperm forms. The evidence of disorders in spermatogram's parameters is directly depends on the duration of the influence of combination of heavy metal salts. The application of the drug Tivortin against intoxication of heavy metal salts decrease the adverse movement of quantitative and qualitative parameters of rat's spermatogramms, so far as Tivortin improves blood circulation, stimulates cell proliferation and cell differentiation, inhibits oxidative apoptosis. These explain beneficial effects of the drug on the growth and maturation of germ cells in case of the influence heavy metal salts combination on organ and the whole body.

[Morphological changes of the intestine in experimental acute intestinal infection in the treatment of colloidal silver].

At the present stage of infectionist practice in the treatment of acute intestinal infections caused by opportunistic microorganisms, colloidal silver is used with a particle size of 25 nm as an alternative to conventional causal therapy. In 32 rats, distributed in 4 groups of 8 animals each (intact; healthy, got colloidal silver; with a modeled acute intestinal infection in the basic treatment and with the addition of colloidal silver), histological examination was performed of small and large intestine of rats. Oral administration of colloidal silver at a dose of 0.02 mg/day to intact rats did not lead to changes in morphometric parameters compared to the norm, and during early convalescence in rats with acute intestinal infections were observed destructive and compensatory changes in the intestine, which depended on the treatment regimen. With the introduction of colloidal silver decreased activity of the inflammatory process and the severity of morphological changes in tissues of small and large intestine, indicating that the positive effect of study drug compared with baseline therapy.