ETIOPATHOGENIC, EPIDEMIOLOGIC AND CLINICAL-THERAPEUTIC COMPARISON OF NON-HODGKIN'S LYMPHOMA AND KAPOSI'S SARCOMA.

BACKGROUND: Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) are primary neoplasms derived from lymphocytes, and Kaposi's sarcoma (SK) is a multicentric disease of viral etiology and is associated with HIV. AIM: To study the etiopathogenesis and clinical characteristics of NHL and KS, describing their mutual factors. METHODS: This retrospective investigation was performed on 101 medical charts. The patients were studied according to their age, gender, and HIV-positivity, following the PRISMA guidelines. The characteristics of the tumors and comorbidities were analyzed according to their age and lymphatic metastasis. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients ranged between 15-87 years for NHL and between 25-54 for KS, but the age of patients with NHL associated with HIV did not surpass 34 years. The ratio male: female was 1,8:1 for NHL, but only men presented KS. HIV-positivity was found in five patients with NHL and in 14 with KS. The stages of NHL were: I (21%), II (18,4%), III (26,3%), and IV (34,2%), but KS were found only at III (40%) and IV (60%) stages. The lymphatic metastases were positive in 62 patients NHL and in four with KS. HIV-positivity occurred in 60% of patients with NHL and in 50% with KS. CONCLUSION: The HIV seropositivity was revealed for most of patients during the NHL and SK propaedeutic and none of them present clinical manifestations of AIDS. NHL associated with HIV was found only in young patients. NHL and KS patients have similar epidemiological, clinical, and therapeutic characteristics.

Etiopathogenic, epidemiologic and clinical-therapeutic comparison of non-hodgkins lymphoma and kaposis sarcoma / Comparação etiopatogênica, epidemiológica e clinicoterapêutica de linfoma não hodgkin e sarcoma de kaposi

ABSTRACT Background: Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) are primary neoplasms derived from lymphocytes, and Kaposi's sarcoma (SK) is a multicentric disease of viral etiology and is associated with HIV. Aim: To study the etiopathogenesis and clinical characteristics of NHL and KS, describing their mutual factors. Methods: This retrospective investigation was performed on 101 medical charts. The patients were studied according to their age, gender, and HIV-positivity, following the PRISMA guidelines. The characteristics of the tumors and comorbidities were analyzed according to their age and lymphatic metastasis. Results: The mean age of the patients ranged between 15-87 years for NHL and between 25-54 for KS, but the age of patients with NHL associated with HIV did not surpass 34 years. The ratio male: female was 1,8:1 for NHL, but only men presented KS. HIV-positivity was found in five patients with NHL and in 14 with KS. The stages of NHL were: I (21%), II (18,4%), III (26,3%), and IV (34,2%), but KS were found only at III (40%) and IV (60%) stages. The lymphatic metastases were positive in 62 patients NHL and in four with KS. HIV-positivity occurred in 60% of patients with NHL and in 50% with KS. Conclusion: The HIV seropositivity was revealed for most of patients during the NHL and SK propaedeutic and none of them present clinical manifestations of AIDS. NHL associated with HIV was found only in young patients. NHL and KS patients have similar epidemiological, clinical, and therapeutic characteristics.

RESUMO Racional: Os linfomas não Hodgkin (LNH) são neoplasias primárias derivadas de linfócitos e o sarcoma de Kaposi (SK) é doença multicêntrica de etiologia viral, ambas associadas ao HIV. Objetivo: Avaliar características clínicas dos LNH e SK, relacionando fatores etiopatogênicos mútuos. Métodos: Foram avaliados retrospectivamente 101 prontuários. Os doentes foram analisados quanto a idade, sexo e soropositividade para o HIV, de acordo com o PRISMA guidelines. Os tumores foram classificados por estadiamento, presença de linfonodos regionais invadidos e tipo celular. Resultados: A idade variou entre 15 e 87 anos para o LNH e 25 a 54 anos para o SK, mas a idade dos pacientes com LNH associado com o HIV não ultrapassou 34 anos. A proporção homem: mulher foi de 1,8:1 para o LNH, enquanto SK foi registrado apenas em homens. A soropositividade para o HIV ocorreu em cinco pacientes com LNH e 14 com SK. A invasão de linfonodos regionais foi positiva em 62 com LNH e quatro com SK. Os linfomas foram 27,9% de baixo grau, 17,4% de grau intermediário e 12,8% de alto grau. A soropositividade para HIV, foi diagnosticada durante a propedêutica do tumor em 60% dos pacientes com LNH e 50% dos com SK. Conclusão: A maioria dos pacientes portadores de HIV descobriram a soropositividade durante propedêutica para LNH e SK, sem manifestações clínicas de AIDS. Todos os pacientes com LNH associado com o HIV eram jovens. Pacientes com LNH e com SK apresentam características epidemiológicas, clínicas e terapêuticas semelhantes entre si.