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1.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 127(4): 399-409, abr. 1999. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-243910

RESUMO

Background: Recent studies suggest that polymorphisms associated to the aldose reductase gene could be related to early retinopathy in noninsulin dependent diabetics (NIDDM). There is also new interest on the genetic modulation of coagulation factors in relation to this complication. Aim: To look for a possible relationship between the rate of appearance of retinopathy and the genotype of (AC)n polymorphic marker associated to aldose reductase gene. Patients and methods: A random sample of 27 NIDDM, aged 68.1 ñ 10.6 years, with a mean diabetes duration of 20.7 ñ 4.8 years and a mean glycosilated hemoglobin of 10.6 ñ 1.6 percent, was studied. The genotype of the (AC)n, polymorphic marker associated to the 5Õ end of the aldose reductase (ALR2) gene was determined by 32P-PCR plus sequenciation. Mutations of the factor XIII-A gene were studied by single stranded conformational polymorphism, sequenciation and restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results: Four patients lacked the (AC)24 and had a higher rate of appearance of retinopathy than patients with the (AC)24 allele (0.0167 and 0.0907 score points per year respectively, p=0.047). Both groups had similar glycosilated hemoglobin (11.7 ñ 0.2 and 10.5 ñ 1.6 percent respectively). Factor XIII gene mutations were not related to the rate of appearance of retinopathy. Conclusions: Our data suggest that the absence of the (AC)24 allele of the (AC)n polymorphic marker associated to the 5Õ end of the aldose reductase gene, is associated to a five fold reduction of retinopathy appearance rate


Assuntos
Humanos , Aldeído Redutase/genética , Retinopatia Diabética/genética , Hemoglobinas Glicadas , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicações , Eletroforese , Alelos , Biomarcadores , Polimorfismo Genético , Retinopatia Diabética/etiologia
2.
Rev. chil. nutr ; 25(3): 39-44, dic. 1998. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-245401

RESUMO

El consumo de alimentos en vegetarianos ha sido estudiado en forma muy limitada en Chile. En este estudio se midió la ingesta alimentaria en 27 vegetarianos (VT) comparándola con 27 omnívoros (OM), pareados por índice de masa corporal, sexo y edad. El consumo diario fue determinado con encuestas por recordatorio de 24 horas tomando el promedio de 3 días. La ingesta promedio de calorías en VT fue de 1.613 cal/día, que no fue significativamente diferente de OM. El consumo de grasas en VT fue significativamente menor que en OM (37,7 ñ 13.2 g en VT y 46,6 ñ 22,0 g en OM, p<0,01), al igual que el consumo de colesterol (72,5 ñ 52,0 y 192 ñ 111, p<0,001). La ingesta de fibra fue significativamente mayor en VT que en OM (26,7 ñ 12,7 g y 14,4 ñ 6,6 g, p<0,01). Los VT consumen significativamente más caroteno y vitamina C y menos vitamina B12 que los OM. El consumo promedio de calcio fue similar y muy bajo en VT y OM (635 y 655 mg, respectivamente)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Dieta Vegetariana , Ingestão de Alimentos , Inquéritos sobre Dietas , Gorduras na Dieta , Minerais na Dieta , Vitaminas na Dieta , Ingestão de Alimentos
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