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1.
Rev. esp. cir. oral maxilofac ; 44(3): 126-129, jul.-sept. 2022. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-213133

RESUMO

Debido a que en más del 50 % de los casos la aparición de adenopatías en mayores de 40 años es de probable etiología tumoral, el manejo de masas cervicales del paciente adulto debe incluir las pruebas necesarias para descartar un proceso maligno.El diagnóstico diferencial es fundamental en este tipo de lesiones, identificando los factores de riesgo, síntomas y signos que orienten hacia la etiología (congénita, neoplásica, inflamatoria o infecciosa).Por lo que se refiere a las adenopatías cervicales de causa infecciosa son más frecuentes en los niños. Sin embargo, habitualmente los adultos también las desarrollan como consecuencia de patología oral o faringoamigdalar. En estos casos, se observa una rápida respuesta ante el tratamiento empírico. No obstante, si no se produce la resolución del cuadro con dicho tratamiento en 2-3 semanas, es necesaria la ampliación del estudio mediante pruebas complementarias. Se presenta un caso clínico infrecuente en la literatura de lindadenitis supurada por Staphylococcus aereus en región cervical, en una mujer de 45 años que acudió al servicio de urgencias con clínica de masa cervical a estudio. (AU)


Due to the fact that in more than 50 % of cases the appearance of adenopathy in patients over 40 years of age is of probable tumor etiology, the management of cervical masses in adult patients should include the necessary tests to rule out a malignant process.The differential diagnosis is fundamental in this type of lesions, identifying the risk factors, symptoms and signs that orient towards the etiology (congenital, neoplastic, inflammatory or infectious).As concerns cervical adenopathies of infectious cause, they are more frequent in children. However, adults also usually develop them as a consequence of oral or pharyngotonsillar pathology. In these cases, a rapid response to empirical treatment is observed. However, if there is no resolution of the picture with such treatment within 2-3 weeks, it is necessary to extend the study by means of complementary tests. We present a rare case of suppurative lymphadenitis due to Staphylococcus aereus in the cervical region in a 45-year-old woman who presented to the emergency department with a cervical mass. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Staphylococcus , Linfadenopatia/diagnóstico , Linfadenopatia/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias
2.
Rev. esp. cir. oral maxilofac ; 40(3): 104-111, jul.-sept. 2018. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-177302

RESUMO

Introducción: Los bifosfonatos constituyen una familia de medicamentos cuya acción principal es la inhibición de la reabsorción ósea, uno de cuyos efectos secundarios es la osteonecrosis maxilar (OMAB). En 2010 comenzaron a publicarse casos de osteonecrosis asociados a un nuevo fármaco, el denosumab. En 2014 se recomendó cambiar el nombre de OMAB por osteonecrosis maxilar asociada a medicamentos (OMAM). El objetivo de este trabajo es revisar una serie de casos de OMAM tratados en nuestro servicio y reflejar la experiencia adquirida con las distintas opciones terapéuticas según la clasificación clínica definida por la American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (AAOMS). Materiales y métodos: Se recogió retrospectivamente un grupo de 19 pacientes con diagnóstico de OMAM, manejados desde 2005 hasta 2015. Su estadio fue determinado según la clasificación de la AAOMS y Ruggiero. Las lesiones fueron tratadas según sus características clínicas y radiológicas. Resultados: Su edad media fue de 75 años. La enfermedad de base era osteoporosis en 11 pacientes (58%), cáncer de próstata en 2 (11%), cáncer de mama en otrod 2 (11%) y mieloma múltiple en 4 pacientes (20%). En 9 pacientes el bifosfonato utilizado era intravenoso (47%); en los 4 restantes se usó la vía oral (alendronato e ibandronato, 21%) y el denosumab se administra por vía subcutánea. Los pacientes en estadio 3 fueron tratados en todos los casos con mandibulectomía segmentaria. Tres de ellos fueron reconstruidos con colgajo microquirúrgico de peroné y uno con barra mandibular más cierre directo. Fueron tratados mediante secuestrectomía 7 pacientes, de los cuales 5 tenían estadio 2 y 2 tenían estadio 1. Con desbridamiento local solo fue tratado un paciente, que presentaba estadio 1. El tratamiento conservador se aplicó al resto de los pacientes estadio 1 (4 pacientes) y a 3 pacientes del estadio 2. Conclusiones: El tratamiento de la OMAM depende del estadio de la enfermedad; la mandibulectomía es un tratamiento efectivo en el estadio 3 y la secuestrectomía en el estadio 2; el estadio 1 suele controlarse con tratamiento conservador


Introduction: Bisphosphonates are a family of drugs used to inhibit bone resorption. One of their secondary effects is osteonecrosis of the jaws (ONJ). In 2010, scientists began to publish cases of osteonecrosis of the jaws associated with a new drug, denosumab. In 2014 it was recommended to change the name of ONJ to medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MONJ). The aim of this article is to review a case series of MONJ treated in our Department, and present our experience in the different treatment options according to the clinical classification defined by the American Association of Oral Maxillofacial Surgeons (AAOMS). Materials and methods: A retrospective review was performed on 19 patients with MONJ, who were managed between 2005 and 2015. The clinical staging was according to the classification of the AAOMS and Ruggiero. The lesions were treated according to their clinical and radiological presentation. Results: The mean age was 75 years. The underlying disease was osteoporosis in 11 patients (58%), prostate cancer in 2 patients (11%), breast cancer in 2 patients (11%), and multiple myeloma in 4 patients (20%). Intravenous bisphosphonates were used in 9 (47%) patients, and oral in the remaining 4 (alendronate and ibandronate, 21%), with denosumab being administered subcutaneously. Stage 3 patients were treated in all cases with segmental mandibulectomy. Three of them were re-constructed with a microsurgical fibula flap, and onw with bar and direct closure. Sequestrectomy was used to treat 7 patients, of which 5 had stage 2, and 2 stage 1. One patient with stage 1 was treated with local debridement. Conservative treatment was applied to the rest (4) of the stage 1 patients, and 3 stage 2 patients. Discussion: Mandibulectomy is an effective treatment for stage 3, sequestrectomy for stage 2, and conservative measures for stage 1. This pathology is also associated with other drugs, such as denosumab, which is why the term had changed to medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw. Conclusions: MONJ treatment depends on the stage of the disease, with mandibulectomy being an effective treatment in stage 3, sequestrectomy in stage 2 and stage 1 is usually controlled with conservative treatment


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Osteonecrose da Arcada Osseodentária Associada a Difosfonatos/terapia , Osteotomia Mandibular , Difosfonatos/efeitos adversos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , Osteoporose/tratamento farmacológico
3.
Rev. esp. cir. oral maxilofac ; 32(3): 119-122, jul.-sept. 2010. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-83000

RESUMO

El síndrome de Lemierre es una patología muy infrecuente en la época actual, pero muy grave, y siempre debe considerarse ante un cuadro de fiebre con antecedente de infección orofaríngea, tumefacción laterocervical a lo largo del músculo esternocleidomastoideo y signos de sepsis. El diagnóstico de este síndrome es fundamentalmente clínico, y las pruebas complementarias tan sólo ayudan a confirmar el cuadro. Presentamos el caso de un varón de 31 años que acudió a urgencias con clínica de faringoamigdalitis junto con tumefacción en la región submandibular izquierda e importante dolor cervical ipsilateral, que mostró un deterioro rápido y progresivo del estado general pese al tratamiento antibiótico intravenoso. Finalmente tuvo que ser intervenido debido al desarrollo de mediastinitis aguda necrosante descendente desde la región pretiroidea hasta el diafragma, con trombosis de la vena yugular interna izquierda. Se le realizó toracotomía urgente y cervicotomía izquierda con drenaje de abundante material purulento y ligadura de la vena yugular interna(AU)


Lemierre syndrome is a potentially fatal condition after an oropharyngeal infection. It is characterized by thrombophlebitis of head and neck veins with systemic dissemination of septic emboli. The diagnosis of this syndrome is mainly clinical and complementary test only serve as aid to confirm it. We report an unusual case of Lemierre syndrome in a 31-year-old man caused by Gemella spp. and Streptococcus pyogenes. It developed following a pharyngotonsillitis infection, which deteriorated rapidly and progressively despite intravenous antibiotic treatment. He finally had to be intervened due to developing acute descending necrotizing mediastinitis from the pre-thyroid region to the diaphragm, with thrombosis of the internal jugular vein. An urgent thoracotomy and left cervicotomy was performed, with drainage of abundant purulent material and ligature of the internal jugular vein. We also discuss its atypical clinical presentation, the crucial role of imaging in the early diagnosis, and the different treatment options of this life-threatening syndrome(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Trombose Venosa/complicações , Trombose Venosa/diagnóstico , Mediastinite/complicações , Mediastinite/diagnóstico , Tonsilite/complicações , Toracotomia/métodos , Combinação Amoxicilina e Clavulanato de Potássio/uso terapêutico , Piperacilina/uso terapêutico , Daptomicina/uso terapêutico , Fluconazol/uso terapêutico , Trombose Venosa/cirurgia , Trombose Venosa/terapia , Mediastinite/fisiopatologia , Mediastinite , Infecções por Fusobacterium/complicações , Fusobacterium necrophorum/isolamento & purificação , Radiografia Torácica/métodos
4.
Med. oral patol. oral cir. bucal (Internet) ; 13(8): 511-515, ago. 2008. ilus
Artigo em En | IBECS | ID: ibc-67499

RESUMO

No disponible


Introduction: Treatment of subcondylar fractures of the mandible is one of the most controversial aspects in thefield of maxillofacial traumatology. This controversy centers on the positive and negative aspects of open and closed approaches for the treatment of this kind of fractures. Open techniques lead to good reduction and osteosynthesis, but have a high risk of injury to the facial nerve and produce facial scars. Closed techniques (intermaxillary fixation) reduce all the above-mentioned risks but rarely produce correct anatomic reduction, and complications such as ankylosis, condylar necrosis and inhibition of mandibular growth, causing abnormal occlusion, may occur. Despite all the associated risks, closed techniques are currently the most popular treatment.Objectives: To introduce the endoscopically-assisted transoral approach for the treatment of subcondylar fractures, presenting three cases treated in our department. A description of the technique has been included as well as the clinical and radiographic results obtained.Material and Methods: The study is based in three patients with subcondylar fractures of the mandible who were treated by an endoscopically-assisted transoral approach. A description of the surgical technique is included. The results were assessed by postsurgical radiographic control (orthopantomography), maximum mouth opening, occlusion and pain.Results: Three reductions of subcondylar fractures with transoral endoscopically-assisted approach were undertaken. The follow-up period was 6 months. Postsurgical radiographic control showed good reduction of the fracture in all three cases. None of the patients showed any sign of temporomandibular dysfunction after 6 months.Conclusion: Endoscopic treatment by transoral approach combines the positive aspects of both conventional techniques: closed and open reduction; allowing anatomic reduction and a stable fixation leaving no visible facial scars and with a minimum risk of injury to the facial nerve (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Fraturas Mandibulares/cirurgia , Técnicas de Fixação da Arcada Osseodentária , Cirurgia Assistida por Computador/métodos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Minimamente Invasivos/métodos
6.
Med. oral patol. oral cir. bucal (Internet) ; 11(6): 531-535, jun. 2006. ilus
Artigo em En | IBECS | ID: ibc-049756

RESUMO

El mixoma odontogénico constituye una entidad rara de localización posterior en mandíbula y maxilar superior. Debido a su agresividad local, se hace necesaria la resección quirúrgica con márgenes amplios. Se han descrito diversas técnicas quirúrgicas para la reconstrucción de defectos mandibulares segmentarios. El colgajo microvascularizado de peroné, en comparación con otros colgajos óseos, aporta la mayor longitud de hueso y, debido a la naturaleza de su aporte vascular, confiere una completa libertad en la selección del lugar de osteotomía, con la posibilidad de recrear un arco mandibular preciso, tras la resección ósea. Sugerimos la realización de la técnica de preformado in situ del peroné, mediante la cual se replica el contorno mandibular por medio de osteotomías mientras el pedículo vascular del injerto sigue unido a la pierna. Se consigue, de este modo, disminuir substancialmente el tiempo de isquemia del colgajo. La realización de la técnica en “doble barra” y la colocación posterior de implantes osteointegrados constituye un método óptimo en la reconstrucción de pacientes dentados sin atrofia maxilar. Presentamos dos nuevos casos de mixoma odontogénico mandibular de grandes dimensiones, que fueron tratados mediante excisión quirúrgica con márgenes por medio de sendas hemimandibulectomías y reconstrucción por medio de un injerto libre vascularizado de peroné


The odontogenic myxoma is a rare entity located in mandible and upper maxilla. Due to its local aggressiveness, wide surgical excision is mandatory. Several surgical techniques have been described for the reconstruction of segmental mandibular defects. In comparison with other free flaps, the vascularized free fibular flap (VFFF) supports the longestamount of bone and, due to the nature of the vascular supply a complete freedom in location of the osteotomy is present. A precise mandibular arc can be performed following bone resection. We suggest the performance of the “in situ” VFFF technique in order to recreate mandibular contour by means of several osteotomies, while the pedicle is still attached to the leg. Substantial decrease in surgical time is obtained. With the “double-barrel” technique and subsequent osseointegrated implants, good results are obtained in the reconstruction of dentate patients without maxillary atrophy. We present two new cases of large odontogenic mandibular myxoma. Wide surgical excision by means of hemimandibulectomiesand subsequent reconstruction with VFFF were performed


Assuntos
Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Humanos , Fíbula/transplante , Mixoma/cirurgia , Retalhos Cirúrgicos/irrigação sanguínea , Neoplasias Mandibulares/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Bucais/métodos , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/métodos
7.
Med. oral patol. oral cir. bucal (Internet) ; 11(2): E206-E209, mar.-abr. 2006. ilus
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-045806

RESUMO

El adenoma de células basales de las glándulas salivares es un tipo de adenoma monomorfo de aparición infrecuente. La localización más habitual es la superficie de la glándula parótida. Suele debutar clínicamente como una masa firme y desplazable de crecimiento lento. Histológicamente se observan células isomórficas formando nidos y trabéculas interanastomosadas, con una membrana basal prominente, separadas por un estroma laxo e hialino y ausencia de estroma mixoide o condroide. A diferencia del adenoma pleomorfo, tiende a la multicentricidad y su tasa de recurrencia después de la extirpación quirúrgica es alta. Debido a sus implicaciones pronósticas, el diagnóstico diferencial con el adenocarcinoma de células basales, el carcinoma adenoide quístico y el carcinoma de células escamosas basalioide es prioritario. Describimos un caso clínico de adenoma de células basales de la glándula parótida, realizamos una revisión de la literatura y discutimos el manejo diagnóstico y terapéutico de esta rara entidad


Basal cell adenoma of the salivary glands is an uncommon type of monomorphous adenoma. Its most frequent location is the parotid gland. It usually appears as a firm and mobile slow-growing mass. Histologically, isomorphic cells in nests and interlaced trabecules with a prominent basal membrane are observed. It is also characterized by the presence of a slack and hyaline stroma and the absence of myxoid or condroid stroma. In contrast to pleomorphic adenoma, it tends to be multiple and its recurrence rate after surgical excision is high. Due to prognostic implications, differential diagnosis with basal cell adenocarcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma and basaloid squamous cell carcinoma is mandatory. We describe a case of basal cell adenoma of the parotid gland. We also review the literature and discuss the diagnosis and management of this rare entity


Assuntos
Feminino , Adulto , Humanos , Adenoma/patologia , Neoplasias Parotídeas/patologia
8.
Med. oral patol. oral cir. bucal (Internet) ; 10(3): 264-271, mayo-jul. 2005. ilus, graf
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-038655

RESUMO

La aparición de melanomas primarios de la mucosa oral esinfrecuente. La agresividad de esta entidad y la ausencia deprotocolos de tratamiento estandarizado, hacen que el pronósticosea infausto. Se han relacionado la dificultad de la resecciónquirúrgica con márgenes libres, la tendencia elevada a la invasiónen profundidad y las metástasis hematógenas tempranas,como consideraciones que justifican un peor pronóstico enrelación al melanoma cutáneo. Sin embargo, no existen seriesclínicas grandes, y las series de casos clínicos constituyen lafuente principal de información en el momento actual. Ante laausencia de modalidades de tratamiento que aumenten substancialmentela supervivencia a largo plazo, sugerimos el empleode cirugía de resección con márgenes amplios y el diagnósticoprecoz mediante la biopsia de lesiones pigmentadas melánicassospechosas. En el presente trabajo presentamos 2 nuevos casosde melanoma primario de mucosa oral, con un seguimiento de72 y 12 meses respectivamente, y realizamos una revisión dela literatura en relación con esta rara neoplasia


The appearance of primary melanomas of the oral mucosa isuncommon. The aggressiveness of this entity and the absenceof any standardized treatment protocol make the prognostic unfortunate.The difficulty to obtain free surgical margins, the elevatedtendency to invade in depth and the early haematogenousmetastasis have been referred as features which may explain itsbad prognosis, even in comparison with cutaneous melanoma.However, no large clinical series exist and actually, clinical casesare the main source of information. Due to the absence ofany treatment modality which may substantially increase longtermsurvival, we suggest the use of resective surgery with widemargins and early diagnosis by means of biopsy for suspiciousmelanotic-pigmented lesions. In this work we present 2 newcases of primary melanoma of the oral mucosa, with a follow-upperiod of 72 and 12 months respectively, and we make a reviewof the literature in relation with this rare entity


Assuntos
Adulto , Humanos , Melanoma/epidemiologia , Melanoma/cirurgia , Neoplasias Bucais/diagnóstico , Melanoma/diagnóstico , Invasividade Neoplásica , Nicotiana , Diagnóstico Diferencial
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