Application and analysis of the Rissech acetabular adult aging method in a Colombian sample.

The classical age indicators of the innominate have been the pubic symphysis and auricular surface. However, recently, the acetabulum has been highlighted as an indicator of adult age, with applicability in young, middle-aged, and older adults. The Rissech acetabular method was developed in a Portuguese population and tested in European and European-Americans, giving estimates within 10 years of age in more than 89% of the sample. The main goal of this paper is to test the Rissech acetabular method in a modern South American sample. The material used for the study was 184 women and 378 men from a Colombian-documented skeletal collection. The obtained morphological scores from the acetabulum were analyzed through the IDADE2 web page, a Bayesian statistical program that estimates a relative likelihood distribution for the target individuals, produces age estimates, and provides 95% confidence intervals. Results showed this method is useful in the modern Colombian population with an average absolute error of 10.63 years in females and 9.44 years in males. These errors are similar to those obtained in other European and North American samples when this method was performed and similar or lower than those obtained when the 3 classical aging methods (Suchey-Brooks, Buckberry-Chamberlain, and Lovejoy) were applied in the same collection (absolute error: 10.29 years ♀ and 9.05 years ♂ in Suchey-Brooks, 12.5 years ♀, and 12.17 years ♀ in Buckberry-Chamberlain, and 13.54 years ♀ and 10.99 years ♂ in Lovejoy). Although Rissech's method was developed in a Western European sample, the results of this study indicate its applicability in modern Colombian samples with reasonable accuracy.

Calidad del agua y características habitacionales de un barrio en Bogotá / Water quality and housing characteristics of a neighborhood in Bogota

Resumen Introducción. El agua suministrada a las viviendas debe ser apta para el consumo humano, es decir, debe ser limpia, no tener color ni sabor y sobre todo debe estar libre de microbios y parásitos. Objetivo. Se indagó la calidad microbiológica y fisicoquímica del agua de un barrio marginal de Bogotá; asimismo se determinaron las condiciones habitacionales. Método. Estudio descriptivo transversal. Se realizó un muestreo del agua utilizada para el consumo humano en 25 casas, a la cual se le realizó el análisis fisicoquímico y microbiológico. Además se diligenció un formato de condiciones de vivienda. Conclusiones. se evidenció que la calidad de agua que consumen los habitantes del barrio Villa Cindy cumple con todos los parámetros de potabilidad exigidos el Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social, de Ambiente y Desarrollo Territorial en la Resolución 2115 de 2007. El 80% de los habitantes del barrio viven en condiciones dignas, un 20% son invasores de la ribera del río Bogotá y habitan en condiciones indignas.

Abstract Introduction. The water supplied to households must be suitable for human consumption, it means, should be clean, have no color or taste, but above all must be free of microbes and parasites. Objective. Microbiological and physicochemical water properties were determined in a Bogotá slum; also, the living conditions were determined. Method. Descriptive cross-sectional study. Water used for human consumption were sampled in 25 houses, which underwent the physicochemical and microbiological analysis. In addition, a format of housing conditions was filled out. Conclusions. It was observed that the quality of water consumed by the residents of the neighborhood Villa Cindy meets all potability parameters required by Ministry of Health and Social Protection, Environment and Territorial Development in Resolution 2115 of 2007. 80% of the local people was living in decent conditions, 20% were invading the hillside of the Bogota river and lived in inhuman conditions.