[Diagnosis of intracranial hypertension in patients with severe cranio-cerebral trauma]. / Diagnostika vnutricherepnoi gipertenzii u bolnykh s tiazheloi cherepno-mozgovoi travmoi.

Manifestations of brain injury were examined in 64 patients with severe craniocerebral injuries on the basis of comparing the clinico-neurological data to the results of continuous long-term control of intracranial pressure (ICP) and computer-aided tomography (CT). As a rule, patients with well-defined focal cortico-subcortical symptomatology demonstrated normal ICP, with no ventricles and cisternae of the basis cerebri being compressed as shown by CT. In patients with the increasing brain stem symptoms associated with the levelling of the focal cortico-subcortical symptomatology, ICP was elevated and computer-aided tomograms showed foci of brain contusion, intracranial hematomas, compressed ventricles and cisternae of the basis cerebri. If gross symptoms of the derangement of the basis cerebri appear in the foreground with no focal cortico-subcortical lesions being manifest, the patients develop, as a rule, stable and increasing hypertension while CT shows the signs of gross compression of the ventricles and cisternae of the basis cerebri in conjunction with foci of brain contusion and intracranial hematomas. In primarily unilateral hemispheric lesions, the patients manifest asymmetric hydrocephalus.

[Disorders of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics and intracranial hypertension in patients with several cranio-cerebral trauma]. / Narusheniia likvorodinamiki i vnutricherepnaia gipertenziia u bol'nykh s tiazheloi cherepno-mozgovoi travmoi.

The authors studied the incidence of hydrocephalus and intracranial hypertension in 60 patients with severe craniocerebral trauma from comparison of the findings of computed tomography and the results of prolonged monitoring of intracranial pressure. The mechanisms of the development of hydrocephalus and intracranial hypertension are described. Hydrocephalus is among the causes of intracranial hypertension. In view of this, external fractional drainage of the ventricular CSF should be applied together with the removal of intracranial hematomas and measures of intensive therapy in patients with severe craniocerebral trauma.

[Indications for the long-term continuous follow-up of intracranial pressure in severe craniocerebral trauma]. / Pokazaniia k dlitel'nomu nepreryvnomu kontroliu vnutricherepnogo davleniia pri tiazheloi cherepno-mozgovoi travme.

The findings of clinical examination, laboratory tests, and diagnostic methods of examination were compared with the results of prolonged measurement of intracranial pressure (ICP) in 64 patients with a severe craniocerebral trauma. Seventy-four clinical and laboratory signs and the results of echoencephalography [correction of echoelectrography] and computed tomography were analysed and those found to be most informative on the basis of the "x-quadrant" criterion were distinguished. The distinguished signs accompanying ICP were rated in marks. A scale of hypertension was compiled according to the sum of the marks of these signs. This scale makes it possible to select patients for prolonged continuous ICP control.