Characterization of resistance to newer antimicrobials among carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in the post-acute-care setting.

We assessed susceptibility patterns to newer antimicrobial agents among clinical carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) isolates from patients in long-term acute-care hospitals (LTACHs) from 2014 to 2015. Meropenem-vaborbactam and imipenem-relebactam nonsusceptibility were observed among 9.9% and 9.1% of isolates, respectively. Nonsusceptibility to ceftazidime-avibactam (1.1%) and plazomicin (0.8%) were uncommon.

Risk Factors for Colistin-Resistant Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in the Postacute Care Setting.

We assessed risk factors for colistin resistance among carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) from 375 patients in long-term acute care hospitals. Recent colistin or polymyxin B exposure was associated with increased odds of colistin resistance (adjusted odds ratio = 1.11 per day of exposure, 95% confidence interval = 1.03-1.19, P = .007).

Exploring the scope of post-intensive care syndrome therapy and care: engagement of non-critical care providers and survivors in a second stakeholders meeting.

BACKGROUND: Increasing numbers of survivors of critical illness are at risk for physical, cognitive, and/or mental health impairments that may persist for months or years after hospital discharge. The post-intensive care syndrome framework encompassing these multidimensional morbidities was developed at the 2010 Society of Critical Care Medicine conference on improving long-term outcomes after critical illness for survivors and their families. OBJECTIVES: To report on engagement with non-critical care providers and survivors during the 2012 Society of Critical Care Medicine post-intensive care syndrome stakeholder conference. Task groups developed strategies and resources required for raising awareness and education, understanding and addressing barriers to clinical practice, and identifying research gaps and resources, aimed at improving patient and family outcomes. PARTICIPANTS: Representatives from 21 professional associations or health systems involved in the provision of both critical care and rehabilitation of ICU survivors in the United States and ICU survivors and family members. DESIGN: Stakeholder consensus meeting. Researchers presented summaries on morbidities for survivors and their families, whereas survivors presented their own experiences. MEETING OUTCOMES: Future steps were planned regarding 1) recognizing, preventing, and treating post-intensive care syndrome, 2) building strategies for institutional capacity to support and partner with survivors and families, and 3) understanding and addressing barriers to practice. There was recognition of the need for systematic and frequent assessment for post-intensive care syndrome across the continuum of care, including explicit "functional reconciliation" (assessing gaps between a patient's pre-ICU and current functional ability at all intra- and interinstitutional transitions of care). Future post-intensive care syndrome research topic areas were identified across the continuum of recovery: characterization of at-risk patients (including recognizing risk factors, mechanisms of injury, and optimal screening instruments), prevention and treatment interventions, and outcomes research for patients and families. CONCLUSIONS: Raising awareness of post-intensive care syndrome for the public and both critical care and non-critical care clinicians will inform a more coordinated approach to treatment and support during recovery after critical illness. Continued conceptual development and engagement with additional stakeholders is required.

Improving long-term outcomes after discharge from intensive care unit: report from a stakeholders' conference.

BACKGROUND: Millions of patients are discharged from intensive care units annually. These intensive care survivors and their families frequently report a wide range of impairments in their health status which may last for months and years after hospital discharge. OBJECTIVES: To report on a 2-day Society of Critical Care Medicine conference aimed at improving the long-term outcomes after critical illness for patients and their families. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-one invited stakeholders participated in the conference. Stakeholders represented key professional organizations and groups, predominantly from North America, which are involved in the care of intensive care survivors after hospital discharge. DESIGN: Invited experts and Society of Critical Care Medicine members presented a summary of existing data regarding the potential long-term physical, cognitive and mental health problems after intensive care and the results from studies of postintensive care unit interventions to address these problems. Stakeholders provided reactions, perspectives, concerns and strategies aimed at improving care and mitigating these long-term health problems. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Three major themes emerged from the conference regarding: (1) raising awareness and education, (2) understanding and addressing barriers to practice, and (3) identifying research gaps and resources. Postintensive care syndrome was agreed upon as the recommended term to describe new or worsening problems in physical, cognitive, or mental health status arising after a critical illness and persisting beyond acute care hospitalization. The term could be applied to either a survivor or family member. CONCLUSIONS: Improving care for intensive care survivors and their families requires collaboration between practitioners and researchers in both the inpatient and outpatient settings. Strategies were developed to address the major themes arising from the conference to improve outcomes for survivors and families.

Management of patients requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation: report of a NAMDRC consensus conference.

Patients requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) are rapidly increasing in number, as improved ICU care has resulted in many patients surviving acute respiratory failure only to then require prolonged mechanical ventilatory assistance during convalescence. This patient population has clearly different needs and resource consumption patterns than patients in acute ICUs, and specialized venues, management strategies, and reimbursement schemes for them are rapidly emerging. To address these issues in a comprehensive way, a conference on the epidemiology, care, and overall management of patients requiring PMV was held. The goal was to not only review existing practices but to also develop recommendations on a variety of assessment, management, and reimbursement issues associated with patients requiring PMV. Formal presentations were made on a variety of topics, and writing groups were formed to address three specific areas: epidemiology and outcomes, management and care settings, and reimbursement. Each group was charged with summarizing current data and practice along with formulation of recommendations. A working draft of the products of these three groups was then created and circulated among all participants. The document was reworked with input from all concerned until a final product with consensus recommendations on 12 specific issues was achieved.