Early-Phase Perceptions of COVID-19's Impact on Ophthalmology Practice Patterns: A Survey from the Pan-American Association of Ophthalmology.

Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic affected medical practice worldwide due to interventions to prevent spreading. Its effect on ophthalmology practices in Latin America has not yet been explored. We aimed to assess the perceptions about the pandemic from countries' ophthalmological national and subspecialty retina societies affiliated to the Pan-American Association of Ophthalmology (PAAO). Patients and Methods: A survey-based study of leaders of national ophthalmological and retinal societies was conducted. The survey was sent by email to 30 societies, from which 20 responded (12 countries, 66.6% response rate). It included closed- and open-ended questions about (1) operational capacity and precautions, (2) telemedicine and virtual care, (3) procedures, and (4) post-pandemic considerations. Results: There was a marked decline in ophthalmology patient visits (80-95%) and elective surgeries (90%) during 2020 compared to before the pandemic. Precautions like temperature checks, mask usage, and social distancing were widely implemented while personal protective equipment (PPE) availability varied. Telemedicine use was limited due to lack of experience with it. Reopening plans focused on maintaining precautions and gradually resuming activities. Economic and security concerns were raised, and adherence to guidelines was emphasized. Respondents acknowledged the need to adapt to a "new normal". Long duration drugs, fewer imaging studies, and shorter wait times were preferred; however, availability of long duration drugs was limited. Conclusion: The pandemic impacted ophthalmology in Latin America, with reduced patient visits, procedures, and surgeries. Delayed treatment and complications were likely the result of the pandemic.

Ojo rojo / Red eye

Se trata de dar una orientacion en el diagnostico y manejo del "Ojo Rojo", para el medico general y de otras especialidades. Luego de una cuidadosa anamnesis se sugiere realizar el examen fisico ocular y peroocular para detectar la urgencia o no del caso, basados en el ojo rojo puede deberse a varias causas describimos la presentacion, diagnostico diferencial, examenes auxiliares y tratamiento de las diferentes enfermedades, entre estas conderamos a: conjuntivitis, iritis, glaucoma agudo, queratitis, blefaritis, hemorragia subconjuntival. Con esta idea se plantea un panorama diferente para el tratamiento y/o referencia oportunos de este tipo de pacientes con el proposito de preservar la vision en muchos de estos casos