RESUMO
Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia (LIP) in pediatric patients without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection remains a poorly characterized and enigmatic disease. Immunological dysregulation, mutations in the COPA gene, and increased morbidity and mortality have been reported in these patients. We present a case of LIP in a pediatric patient without HIV infection. This patient was infected with human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and required right lower lobectomy with pathological findings compatible with lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia. In addition, bronchiectasis, dermatological involvement, and malnutrition were documented. However, no autoimmune disease, polymyositis, myelopathy, or opportunistic infections were found. There were no abnormalities in cellular and humoral immunity. A genetic study identified heterozygous mutations in the SCNN1B, FCHO1, and IL7R genes using single exome sequencing of coding and splicing regions. Although these heterozygous variants are not reported to be aetiological for LIP or diagnostic for the patient's congenital immunodeficiency, we believe they are associated with the severe lung damage seen in the patient's case.
RESUMO
Objetivo: Determinar factores de riesgo asociados a hipoglucemia neonatal transitona en recién nacidos sanos. Materiales y métodos: Estudio de casos y controles anidados en una cohorte retrospectiva. Análisis de regresión logística. Resultados: Se evaluaron las variables de interés reportadas en la literatura en 40 casos y 40 controles. Se encontró como factor protector aislado para hipoglucemia el contacto piel a piel, que fue menor en los recién nacidos por cesárea; sin embargo, en el modelo de regresión logística, solamente el requerir fórmula láctea, por ineficaz lactancia materna, mostró ser un factor de nesgo para esta enfermedad (OR = 9). Conclusión: La ineficiente lactancia materna exclusiva es el mayor factor de riesgo para hipoglucemia neonatal transitoria en recién nacidos a término sanos, lo que ocasiona un aumento en el uso de fórmula láctea.
Objective: lo determinare risk factors associated to neonatal hypoglycemia in healthy newboms. Materials and methods: Case-control study nested in a retrospective cohort. Logistic regression analysis. Results: 40 cases and 40 Controls were evaluated. The main risk factors according to the literature were reported. Skin to skin care was found as an ¿solated protective factor to develop neonatal hypoglycemia, although, the regression logistic analysis showed, that only the need to enhance feedmg with formula was a risk factor to develop neonatal hypoglycemia (OR=9). Conclusión: Inadequate exclusive breastfeeding remains the major risk factor for transient neonatal hypoglycaemia in healthy term newbom, leading to increased use of formula.
