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1.
Eur Psychiatry ; 15(1): 59-66, 2000 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10713803

RESUMO

Cognitive theories of social phobia have largely been inspired by the information-processing models of anxiety. They propose that cognitive biases can, at least partially, explain the etiology and maintenance of this disorder. A specific bias, conceived as a tendency to preferentially process socially-threatening information, has been proposed. This bias is thought to intervene in cognitive processes such as attention, memory and interpretation. Research paradigms adopted from experimental cognitive psychology and social psychology have been used to investigate these hypotheses. The existence of a bias in the allocation of attentional resources and the interpretation of information seems to be confirmed. A memory bias in terms of better retrieval for threat-relevant information appears to depend on specific encoding activities.


Assuntos
Cognição , Memória , Transtornos Fóbicos/psicologia , Terapia Cognitivo-Comportamental/métodos , Humanos , Modelos Psicológicos , Transtornos Fóbicos/terapia
2.
Biol Psychiatry ; 32(5): 387-98, 1992 Sep 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1486145

RESUMO

Night-time melatonin secretion was measured in five depressed inpatients with seasonal affective disorder before and after 1-week of morning and evening exposure to bright (3000 lux) and dim (300 lux) light. Analysis of variance by ranks showed no differences in timing of melatonin secretion but statistically significant differences in plasma melatonin levels. There was a decrease of the area under the curve after bright light and a very robust rebound after exposure to dim light. The failure to constitute a parallel group of patients in a crossover design did not permit to control for an ordering effect of light exposure. These findings raise many questions concerning the diurnal sensitivity to different intensities of light in seasonal affective disorder.


Assuntos
Melatonina/metabolismo , Fotoperíodo , Transtorno Afetivo Sazonal/psicologia , Adulto , Transtorno Depressivo/complicações , Transtorno Depressivo/tratamento farmacológico , Transtorno Depressivo/psicologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Melatonina/biossíntese , Melatonina/sangue , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fototerapia , Psicotrópicos/uso terapêutico , Transtorno Afetivo Sazonal/complicações , Transtorno Afetivo Sazonal/terapia
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