[Congenital cytomegalic inclusion disease--clinico-anatomical characteristics]. / Vrozhdennaia tsitomegaliia--kliniko-anatomicheskaia kharakteristika.

Analysis of labor histories, case histories, and autopsy records over a decade, 1980-1990, has revealed 32 cases of cytomegalic inclusion disease in children. Eleven placentas of seropositive mothers were histologically examined. The findings evidence that cytomegaloviral infection was mostly combined with other bacterial and viral diseases. The central nervous system, kidneys, and lungs were the most sensitive to the virus effects. The DIC syndrome was present in all the cases.

[Intrauterine and postnatal pneumonia in acquired immunodeficiency of infants]. / Vnutriutrobnye i postnatal'nye pnevmonii v usloviiakh priobretennogo immunodefitsita u detei rannego vozrasta.

The autopsy material of 15 children aged from 2 months to 3 years from the zonal group of increased risk of the ecologic pathology, acquired immunodeficiency and viral infections was assessed morphologically and clinically. Decreased number of T-cells (T4, T8), an increase of the level of serum IgA, IgE and immune complexes, HIV-antibodies (4 cases) were found in the patients. The method of the molecular hybridization by means of virus-specific 32P-DNA probes was used. Bronchopneumonia was the cause of death. Severe deficiency of the organs and cells of the immune system, alternative-proliferative lung inflammation, mainly in the form of pneumonitis and alveolitis, were found. The latter differed either individually or as a result of the predominant infectious agent (RNA- or DNA-viruses, pneumocysts, bacterial flora, fungi). Considerable immunity dysfunctions enhanced the intensity of the specific features in pneumonia morphology.

[Clinico-morphological characteristics of fetuses and newborn infants of mothers with hemorrhagic shock]. / Kliniko-morfologicheskie osobennosti ploda i novorozhdennogo pri gemorragicheskom shoke u materi.

A clinical and morphological analysis has been done using 24 obstetric histories of mothers with hemorrhagic shock (HS) and autopsy protocols of fetuses and newborns who died ante-, intra- or postpartum. Maternal HS was related to placenta previa and presented as a poor general status and microcirculatory disorders, respiratory and adrenal insufficiency. Histologic and electron microscopic studies showed fetal and neonatal lesions in organs and tissues which might be interpreted as irreversible shock. Reduction of neonatal mortality dictates further efforts in the prevention of hemorrhagic complications in parturients.

[Prolapse of the urethral mucosa in girls]. / Vypadenie slizistoi uretry u devochek.

In the recent 9 years 39 girls aged from 2 to 10 years were treated at the clinic for prolapse of the urethral mucosa. Among them 24 had circular and 15 had segmental prolapse. The disease was encountered most frequently between 6 and 10 years of age, predominantly in the summer. Complex treatment was started with nonoperative measures which were followed by operation if the prolapse persisted or recurred. Spontaneous reduction of the mucosa occurred in 6 of 22 children who were treated by nonoperative measures, in 3 cases the effect was temporary and a recurrence developed. Operative excision of the mucosa was carried out in 36 girls. The results were good. The article discusses the etiopathogenesis of the disease and analyses the morphological changes in the removed urethral mucosa.

[Birth injuries and lesions of the spinal cord in the perinatal period]. / O rodovykh travmakh i povrezhdeniiakh spinnogo mozga v perinatal'nom periode.

The paper presents a clinical and pathological analysis of 40 deliveries, autopsy findings in fetuses and newborns with combined birth injury of the brain and spinal cord, perinatal disease entities associated with intrapartum spinal lesions and disease entities which entail secondary spinal lesions. A subgroup of newborns with intraventricular hemorrhage showed at autopsy diffuse subarachnoidal hemorrhage of the cervical and thoracic spinal segments as a function of its extension into the cerebrospinal fluid system. Guidelines for pathological diagnosis in the pediatric practice are offered.

[Clinical and morphological aspects of abruptio placentae with hemorrhagic shock]. / Osobennosti kliniki i morfologii pri prezhdevremennoi otsloike normal'no raspolozhennoi platsenty s gemorrhagicheskim shokom.

Seven histories of deliveries, complicated with abruptio placentae with hemorrhagic shock, and fetal autopsy protocols were examined, while the placentas and the uteri, removed at surgery were studied morphologically. Pregnancy had been complicated by gestosis in all patients. Placental abruption developed by 35-37 weeks of pregnancy in 5 patients, and near term in 2. All patients underwent urgent cesarean section followed by supravaginal amputation and extirpation of the uterus. Uterine, placental and fetal morphologic changes were qualified as shock-related. It is concluded that progressive abruptio placentae is an indication for abdominal delivery.

Myocardial changes in influenza virus and staphylococcus infection.

Experiments carried out on 134 newborn mice showed that influenza virus and staphylococcus infection and their combination induces local necrosis in the myocardium. Morphometric measurement has shown that the extent of necrotic changes amounted with the action of the influenza virus to 1.37%, with the action of staphylococcus to 1.4% and with their combined action to 1.8%. Electron microscopy revealed dystrophic changes in cardiomyocytes with subsequent intracellular regeneration.

[Abramov-Fiedler myocarditis, the most severe variant of infectious allergic myocarditis in infants]. / Miokardit Abramova-Fidlera--tiazheleishii variant infektsionno-allergicheskogo miokardita u detei.

Seven cases of Abramov-Fidler myocarditis in infants were studied. The heart affection may be considered to be an infectious-allergic process occuring in a presensitized host. The severity of the disease is due to necrotic changes in the myocardium, in some cases to the involvement of the endocardium and pericardium.

[Cardiomyopathy in influenza and staphylococcal infection]. / Kardiomiopatiia pri grippozno-stafilokokkovoi infektsii.

The myocardium in influenza-staphylococcal infection was studied experimentally in 43 newborn white mice. Lesions and focal necrosis of muscle fibers with perifocal cellular reaction terminating in the development of cardiosclerosis were found. Outside of the zone of necrosis, diffuse involvement of the myocardium with signs of destructive changes was detected ultrastructurally. Myocytes recovered by means of intracellular regeneration.