RESUMO
Early life stress (ELS) is strongly associated with psychiatric disorders such as anxiety, depression, and schizophrenia in adulthood. To date, biological, behavioral, and structural aspects of ELS have been studied extensively, but their functional effects remain unclear. Here, we examined NeuroPET studies of dopaminergic, glutamatergic, and serotonergic systems in ELS animal models. Maternal separation and restraint stress were used to generate single or complex developmental trauma. Body weights of animals exposed to single trauma were similar to those of control animals; however, animals exposed to complex trauma exhibited loss of body weight when compared to controls. In behavioral tests, the complex developmental trauma group exhibited a decrease in time spent in the open arm of the elevated plus-maze and an increase in immobility time in the forced swim test when compared to control animals. In NeuroPET studies, the complex trauma group displayed a reduction in brain uptake values when compared to single trauma and control groups. Of neurotransmitter systems analyzed, the rate of decrease in brain uptake was the highest in the serotonergic group. Collectively, our results indicate that developmental trauma events induce behavioral deficits, including anxiety- and depressive-like phenotypes and dysfunction in neurotransmitter systems.
Assuntos
Encéfalo/metabolismo , Encéfalo/fisiologia , Neurotransmissores/metabolismo , Ferimentos e Lesões/metabolismo , Ferimentos e Lesões/fisiopatologia , Animais , Animais Recém-Nascidos/metabolismo , Animais Recém-Nascidos/fisiologia , Ansiedade/metabolismo , Ansiedade/fisiopatologia , Transtornos de Ansiedade/metabolismo , Transtornos de Ansiedade/fisiopatologia , Comportamento Animal/fisiologia , Depressão/metabolismo , Depressão/fisiopatologia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Comportamento Exploratório/fisiologia , Feminino , Masculino , Privação Materna , Aprendizagem em Labirinto/fisiologia , Imagem Molecular/métodos , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Estresse Psicológico/metabolismo , Estresse Psicológico/fisiopatologia , Natação/fisiologiaRESUMO
A self-shielding device for the synthesis of radiopharmaceuticals was developed and fabricated in this study. Radiation exposure was minimized by the self-shielding of the kit, installation of the disposable kit in the auxiliary chamber while in a shielded state, and discharge of the kit into a radioactive waste container upon completion of the synthesis process. The developed self-shielding synthesis kit was tested by synthesizing 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ([18F]FDG) in order to verify its performance.
