A personalized nomogram for predicting 3-year overall survival of patients with uterine carcinosarcoma in a tertiary care hospital in Southern Thailand.

OBJECTIVE: To develop a nomogram for predicting 3-year overall survival (OS) and outcomes of surgically staged patients with uterine carcinosarcomas (UCS). METHODS: This retrospective study analyzed the clinicopathological characteristics, treatment data, and oncological outcomes of 69 patients diagnosed with UCS between January 2002 and September 2018. Significant prognostic factors for OS were identified and integrated to develop a nomogram. Concordance probability (CP) was used as a precision measure. The model was internally validated using bootstrapping samples to correct overfitting. RESULTS: The median follow-up time was 19.4 months (range, 0.77-106.13 months). The 3-year OS was 41.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 29.9-58.3%). The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage and adjuvant chemotherapy were independent factors for OS. The CP of the nomogram integrating with body mass index (BMI), FIGO stage, and adjuvant chemotherapy was 0.72 (95% CI, 0.70-0.75). In addition, the calibration curves for the probability of 3-year OS demonstrated good agreement between the nomogram-predicted and observed data. CONCLUSION: The established nomogram using BMI, FIGO stage, and adjuvant chemotherapy accurately predicted the 3-year OS of patients with UCS. The nomogram was useful for patient counselling and deciding on follow-up strategies.

Impact of appendectomy of a grossly normal appendix on the survival outcomes of mucinous ovarian carcinomas in a tertiary hospital.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the survival outcomes of appendectomy for a grossly normal appendix in patients with mucinous ovarian carcinomas. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study. Patients with mucinous ovarian carcinomas with grossly normal appendices who underwent primary surgery between 2002 and 2022 were enrolled. The overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of appendectomy and non-appendectomy groups were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log-rank test. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to determine the independent factors associated with OS and PFS. RESULTS: Of 192 patients, appendectomy was performed in 138 (71.9%). Three (1.6%) patients had primary appendiceal tumors and two (1.0%) had appendiceal metastases of ovarian origin. The median follow-up time was 68.8 months. The OS and PFS were better in patients in the appendectomy group than in those in the non-appendectomy group (5-year OS: 80.72% vs. 65.05%, P = 0.012; 5-year PFS: 76.32% vs. 58.60%, P = 0.020). Independent factors associated with poor OS and PFS were no omentectomy, peritoneal seeding, and advanced International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage. CONCLUSION: Appendectomy of a grossly normal appendix was not an independent prognostic factor for OS and PFS in patients with mucinous ovarian carcinomas.

Appendiceal tumors in patients undergoing primary surgery for mucinous ovarian tumors in a tertiary hospital, in Southern Thailand.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of appendiceal tumors in patients diagnosed with mucinous ovarian tumors and to determine factors associated with coexisting appendiceal tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective review of all patients who were diagnosed with mucinous ovarian tumors and underwent an appendectomy during surgery between January 2002 and June 2017 was performed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify risk factors for coexisting appendiceal tumors. RESULTS: A total of 303 patients with mucinous ovarian tumors who underwent appendectomy were identified, including 77 (25.4%) mucinous cystadenoma and 226 (74.6%) mucinous borderline tumor or carcinoma. Twenty-one (6.9%) had coexisting appendiceal tumors including 8 that were primary appendiceal mucinous adenocarcinomas, 6 low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms, 6 secondary appendiceal metastasis from the ovary, and one hyperplastic polyp. None of mucinous cystadenoma had coexisting appendiceal tumors. Multivariate analysis revealed advanced age ≥50 years, previous rupture of ovarian tumors, abdominal extension of tumors, and grossly abnormal appendix were independent factors for coexisting appendiceal tumors. CONCLUSION: Prevalence of coexisting appendiceal tumors in mucinous ovarian tumors was not uncommon. The risk factors were grossly abnormal appendix, abdominal extension of tumor, previous rupture of ovarian tumors, and advanced age.

Intraoperative blood volume loss according to gestational age at delivery among pregnant women with placenta accreta spectrum (PAS): an 11-year experience in Songklanagarind Hospital.

A retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the intraoperative blood volume loss in pregnant women with PAS according to gestational age at delivery. A total of 116 women were enrolled, 39 (33.6%) had an intraoperative massive blood loss (>5000 ml). The massive haemorrhage group had statistically significantly higher percentages of increta and percreta type than the non-massive haemorrhage group (94.9 vs. 67.5%, p < .001). Multiple linear regression analysis showed a decreasing trend of intraoperative blood loss after 34 weeks' gestation with the nadir period between 35 and 36+6 weeks' gestation, especially from 36-36+6 weeks' gestation which was statistically significant, p <.05. The perinatal morbidities from 36-36+6 weeks were not statistically significantly different from 37 weeks' gestation. Therefore, we recommend that pregnant women with PAS and stable clinical symptoms should be scheduled for caesarean hysterectomy from 36-36+6 weeks' gestation.Impact statementWhat is already known on this subject? Massive obstetric haemorrhage from PAS disorders is the main concern for caesarean hysterectomy among these patients as it leads to secondary complications including coagulopathy, multisystem organ failure, and death.What do the results of this study add? The amount of intraoperative blood loss in pregnant women who underwent caesarean hysterectomy due to PAS, was lowest from 36-36+6 weeks' gestation.What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? We recommend that pregnant women with PAS and stable clinical symptoms should be scheduled for caesarean hysterectomy from 36-36+6 weeks' gestation.

Predictive Factors of Pelvic Lymph Node Metastasis in Early-Stage Cervical Cancer.

BACKGROUND: Pelvic lymphadenectomy, which is the routine surgical treatment for early-stage cervical cancer, causes serious morbidity. The goal of the current retrospective study was to identify predictive factors of lymph node metastasis (LNM) in patients with early-stage cervical cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study included 496 patients diagnosed with stages IA2-IB1cervical cancer who underwent a radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy. The predictive factors of LNM were evaluated. RESULTS: The incidence of LNM in this study was 4.6%. LNM was more common in patients with deep stromal invasion (DSI), tumor size > 2 cm, lymph vascular invasion and parametrial involvement (PI). Multivariate analysis showed DSI (p = 0.010) and PI (p = 0.005) were independently associated with LNM. The median follow-up time was 56.9 months. The patients with LNM had poorer 5-year overall survival (77.8%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 44.2-92.6) than the patients without LNM (98.2%; 95% CI 95.6-99.2; p = 0.002) and also poorer 5-year recurrence-free survival (65.5%; 95% CI 38.6-82.8) than the patients without LNM (90.2%; 95% CI 86.5-92.9; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The predictive factors of pelvic lymph node metastasis in stage IA2-IB1 cervical cancer patients were DSI and PI. LNM was associated with poorer oncological outcomes.

Longer waiting times for early stage cervical cancer patients undergoing radical hysterectomy are associated with diminished long-term overall survival.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of surgical waiting time on clinical outcome in early stage cervical cancer. METHODS: The cohort consisted of 441 patients diagnosed with stages IA2-IB1cervical cancer who underwent radical hysterectomy and pelvic node dissection. The patients were divided into two groups based on surgical waiting time. The associations between waiting time and other potential prognostic factors with clinical outcome were evaluated. RESULTS: The median surgical waiting time was 43 days. Deep stromal invasion (hazard ratio [HR], 2.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4 to 4.6; p=0.003) and lymph node metastasis (HR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.3 to 6.7; p=0.026) were identified as independent prognostic factors for recurrence-free survival while no prognostic significance of surgical waiting time was found (p=0.677). On multivariate analysis of overall survival (OS), only deep stromal invasion (HR, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.3 to 5.0; p=0.009) and lymph node metastasis (HR, 3.6; 95% CI, 1.5 to 8.6; p=0.009) were identified as independent prognostic factors for OS. Although OS showed no significant difference between short (≤ 8 weeks) and long (>8 weeks) waiting times, multivariate analysis of OS with time-varying effects revealed that a waiting time longer than 8 weeks was associated with poorer long-term survival (after 5 years; HR, 3.4; 95% CI, 1.3 to 9.2; p=0.021). CONCLUSION: A longer surgical waiting time was associated with diminished long-term OS of early stage cervical cancer patients.