Experiencia a 12 años en el manejo antitrombótico de la ectasia coronaria en el Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez de México / A 12-year experience with antithrombotic management of patients with coronary ectasia at the Cardiological Institute "I. Chavez" from Mexco

Introducción: No hay lineamientos establecidos acerca del correcto anejo antitrombótico de pacientes con ectasia coronaria. Objetivos: Describir el manejo de pacientes con ectasia coronaria durante 12 años en el Instituto Nacional de Cardiología en la Ciudad de México, México. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo, observacional. Se analizó una base de datos de 484 pacientes ingresados con síndrome coronario agudo, diagnosticado por angiografía de ectasia coronaria. Se obtuvo la clasificación de Markis y el anejo de los pacientes al alta, así como el seguimiento durante 12 años. La estadística fue descriptiva. Resultados: 14.6% de los pacientes recibieron monoterapia, el mas común fue el ácido acetil salicílico en el 7,8% seguido de acenocumarina en el 4.8% de los pacientes; el 25% fueron manejados con acenocumarina y ácido acetil salícíco más clopidogrel, 5,8% con terapia triple. La más común fue acenocumarina, acido acetil salicílico y clopidogrel en el 5%. conclusión: Solo hay recomendaciones con nivel de evidencia C. El tratamiento al alta de los pacientes con ectasia coronaria conel Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez es heterogénico y no está bien estandarizado, es necesario revisar las Guías de Práctica Clínica para estandarizarlo

Introduction: There are no established guidelines about the correct antibrombotic management of patients with coronary ectasia. Objectives: To describe the management of patients with coronary ectasia in a lapse of time of 12 years at the "Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez" Mexico. Methods: Observational retrospective study. We analyzed a database of 484 patients admitted to the INCICh diagnosed with coronary acute syndrome and angiographic diagnosis of coronary ectasia. We obtained information about the Markis classification and the treatment at the hospital discharge in a period of time of 12 years. Descriptive statistic was used. Results: 14.6% received monotherapy, the most common was aspirin in 7.8%, followed by acenocoumarin in 4.8% of patients. 25% of the total patients received acenocoumarin , aspirin and clopidogrel in 5%. Conclusions: There are only recommendations about the coronary artery disease treatment with a C level of evidence. The treatment in the Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chavez is heterogneous and is not well standardized

Aplicación del método de hanlon en la priorización de riesgos y daños para la salud / Application of the hanlon method while priorizing health risks and damages

En la Jurisdicción Sanitaria Ecatepec, se realizó un taller de Riesgos y Daños para la salud con el propósito de priorizar el daño a la salud susceptible a ser intervenido a través de la aplicación del método de Hanlón, por los estudiantes de posgrado de Enfermería en salud pública y el equipo multidisciplinario de la jurisdicción. Participaron 48 personas con cargos normativos y operativos de los Centros Municipales de Salud (COMUSA), DIF, CONALEP, y Salud Municipal a quienes se les capacitó sobre la utilidad y aplicación del Método de Hanlón, proporcionándoles la información estadística para hacer los cálculos respectivos. Los resultados de la priorización de mayor a menor puntuación fueron: Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2, Neumonía e Influenza, Enfermedades del corazón, Tumores malignos, Accidentes, agresiones y suicidios, Enfermedades del hígado, SIDA, e insuficiencia renal. Tomando en cuenta que en las primeras cuatro causas ya han sido trabajadas por generaciones previas de estudiantes de la Especialidad, se determinó que la causa a ser intervenida es: accidente, agresiones y suicidios.

In the Health Jurisdiction Ecatepec, a risk and darrage workshop health was carried out which used the Hanlon method in order to prioritize the possible damage and give the attention through the multidisciplinary staff and the Public Health Nursing speciality students. The number of participants in the workshop were 48 from health Municipality Centers, DIF, CONALEP, whom were trained about the features and how to use Hanlon method. The statistical information was given to do the respective calculation. The results of prioritize were ordered from the highest to the lowest score: diabetes mellitus type 2, Pneumania and influenza, heart illness, malign tumors, accidents, agrressions and suicides, liver sickeness, AIDS, renal insufficiency. Because the first 4 causes had been studied before, it was determined that the causes to be intervened will be accidents, agrressions and suicides.

The 14-3-3 protein in multiple sclerosis: a marker of disease severity.

CONTEXT: In multiple sclerosis (MS) axonal damage is an early event and is probably to be considered the most relevant cause of permanent and progressive disability. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the value of the increase of 14-3-3 and tau proteins in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) as peripheral markers of axonal pathology and predictors of disease evolution. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In the CSF samples obtained from 63 patients with demyelinating diseases (DD), including 20 clinically isolated syndromes (CIS) and 43 clinically defined MS, as well as from 56 controls, we analysed the presence of 14-3-3 reactivity by immunoblot analysis along with the concentration of tau protein by sandwich ELISA. RESULTS: The percentage of DD subjects showing a positive 14-3-3 protein CSF reactivity (38%) was significantly higher than the one previously detected, and was correlated in the MS patients with a more severe clinical phenotype in terms of degree of disability and rate of disease progression, during a 10-month mean clinical follow-up. On the contrary, the levels of the CSF-tau protein were highly variable in DD and control subjects, and the mean CSF-tau concentration was similar in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: The immunoblot analysis of 14-3-3 protein in the CSF could be a useful marker to identify a subgroup of DD patients with high risk of developing severe disability.

Biological markers of the inflammatory phase of multiple sclerosis.

The search for biological markers in multiple sclerosis (MS) has been spoiled by the intrinsic nature of the disease that occurs in a secluded organ which cannot be accessed by routine sampling. Thus, markers obtained so far from the peripheral blood of MS individuals are often of little reproducibility while results obtained from the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are conveniently linked to the disease process but of little utility due to inaccessibility to repeated sampling. In this review we briefly discuss the biological markers available to date.

Protective effect of early and late administration of pralidoxime against organophosphate muscle necrosis.

The objective of the present investigation was to study the protection afforded by a single administration of pralidoxime against the muscle necrosis induced by the organophosphate compound metamidophos at different times after intoxication. The fiber necrosis of the diaphragm muscle was quantified by a morphometric technique, comparing the area fraction occupied by necrotic muscle fibers in animals that received pralidoxime at different times after intoxication, i.e., 0, 1, 3, 6, and 12 h. Pralidoxime administration protected metamidophos-induced muscle necrosis in all groups studied except for the 12-h group. The earlier the administration of pralidoxime the greater the protection against muscle necrosis. This protection was not accompanied by complete reactivation of plasma cholinesterase activity. Results support the current opinion that pralidoxime should be administered as soon as possible after organophosphate intoxication, because in addition to reversing the muscarinic effects, early administration of pralidoxime also prevents muscle necrosis--which could impair muscular function and respiratory condition. The time difference between recovery of plasma cholinesterase activity and muscle necrosis protection indicates that this method is not completely trustworthy for patient follow-up, since some improvement may occur in spite of the low plasma cholinesterase activity.

Optimización de la capacidad de tratamiento de la planta concentradora de Porco

El objetivo general es la optimización de la capacidad de tratamiento, en la planta concentradora de Porco, diseñada originalmente para 1.200 T.M.S./dia.Tomar muestras y registrar datos, con un tratamiento de 1.400 T.M.S/dia.Redimensionar equipos del área de molienda.Redimensionar equipos del área de flotación.Redimensionar equipos del área de espesamiento y filtración.