Instruments to measure interaction of mothers and newborns: A systematic review.

Interactions between newborns and their parents/primary caregivers are characterized by asymmetric and dependent relationships. This systematic review mapped, identified, and described the psychometric parameters, categories, and items of instruments used to assess mother-newborn interaction. Seven electronic databases were accessed in this study. Furthermore, this research included neonatal interaction studies describing instruments' items, domains, and psychometric properties while excluding studies that focused on maternal interactions and lacked items for assessing newborns. Additionally, studies validated with older infants that did not have a newborn in the sample were used for test validation, which is a criterion used to decrease the risk of bias. Fourteen observational instruments from 1047 identified citations were included that addressed interactions using varying techniques, constructs, and settings. Particularly, we focused on observational settings that assessed interactions with communication-based constructs in the context of proximity or distance as influenced by physical, behavioral, or procedural barriers. These tools are also used to predict risk behaviors in a psychological context, mitigate feeding difficulties, and conduct neurobehavioral assessments of mother-newborn interactions. The elicited imitation was also an observational setting. This study found that the most described properties in the included citations were inter-rater reliability followed by criterion validity. However, only two instruments reported content, construct, and criterion validity, as well as a description of an internal consistency assessment and inter-rater reliability. Finally, the synthesis of the instruments reported in this study can guide clinicians and researchers in selecting the most appropriate one for their own application.

Religious practice in the pandemic of COVID-19 and the nursing diagnoses.

PURPOSE: Identify the elements (defining characteristics, related factors, and risk factors) of the diagnoses of NANDA international impaired religiosity (00169), risk for impaired religiosity (00170), and readiness for enhanced religiosity (00171), in a period of social distancing in the pandemic of COVID-19, and associate them with the behavior of individual and collective religious practice, before and during the pandemic. METHODS: Survey study, released via social media to members of religious communities in Brazil. Data collection took place in June 2020, by online questionnaire. FINDINGS: Participants were 719 people, 563 (78.3%) were women, with a median age of 39 years (min 18-max 73), of Catholic religion (64.7%), with a median of 29 years of religious practice (min 0-max 70). The participants were from Southeast 652 (90.68%), South 49 (6.82%), Northeast 13 (1.82%), Midwest 4 (0.56%), and North 01 (0.14%) of Brazil. The increase of individual religious practice was associated with two diagnostic elements and the reduction of individual practice to nine elements. The reduction of collective religious practice was associated with seven diagnostic elements and the maintenance of the practice associated with five elements. The increase of collective religious practice was associated with five diagnostic elements. CONCLUSIONS: In individuals who presented during the pandemic reduction of individual religious practice, reduction of collective religious practice, and maintenance of collective religious practice, the elements of the diagnosis impaired religiosity were predominant. In individuals who presented increased practice of collective religious activity during the pandemic, the elements of the diagnosis readiness for enhanced religiosity were predominant. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: This study highlights defining characteristics, risk factors, and related factors of the religiosity diagnoses presented due to social distancing in the pandemic; these should be screened during nursing consultations in primary health care.

Theoretical reflections of Leininger's cross-cultural care in the context of Covid-19.

OBJECTIVE: To reflect on cross-cultural care for the population based on the theoretical assumptions and concepts of Leininger's Transcultural Theory, related to the recommendations for combating the Covid-19 pandemic. METHOD: Reflective theoretical study based on culturally competent care, related to the Brazilian reality, using the conceptual attributes of care, culture, and worldview. Critically articulated the reasonings about the guidelines for preserving, accommodating, and repatterning actions for the care of people. RESULTS: The nurse must know cross-cultural care in order to consider individual and/or collective treatment and respect the existing differences in beliefs and values. This premise corroborates the adherence to Covid-19 prevention and treatment recommendations. The lack of knowledge about the transmissibility and invisibility of the virus and the risk factors, combined with the cultural diversity of the population, can make it difficult to adhere to health recommendations. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: Cross-cultural care favors the practice of health education and can provide conditions for greater adherence of the population to nursing actions.

Theoretical reflections of Leininger's cross-cultural care in the Covid-19 / Reflexiones teóricas del cuidado transcultural de Leininger en el contexto de Covid-19 / Reflexões teóricas do cuidado transcultural de Leininger no contexto da Covid-19

Objective: To reflect on cross-cultural care for the population based on the theoretical assumptions and concepts of Leininger's Transcultural Theory, related to the recommendations for combating the Covid-19 pandemic.Method: Reflective theoretical study based on culturally competent care, related to the Brazilian reality, using the conceptual attributes of care, culture, and worldview. Reasoning about the guidelines for preserving, accommodating, and repatterning actions for the care of people has been critically articulated.Results: The nurse must know cross-cultural care in order to consider individual and/or collective treatment and respect the existing differences in beliefs and values. This premise supports adherence to Covid-19 prevention and treatment recommendations. The lack of knowledge about the transmissibility and invisibility of the virus and the risk factors, combined with the cultural diversity of the population, can make it difficult to adhere to health recommendations.Final considerations: Cross-cultural care favors the practice of health education and can provide conditions for greater adherence of the population to nursing actions.

Objetivo: Reflexionar sobre la atención intercultural para la población a partir de los supuestos y conceptos teóricos de la teoría transcultural de Leininger, relacionados con las recomendaciones para combatir la pandemia de Covid-19.Método: Estudio teórico reflexivo basado en el cuidado culturalmente competente, relacionado con la realidad brasileña, utilizando los atributos conceptuales del cuidado, la cultura y la cosmovisión. Se articuló críticamente el razonamiento sobre las directrices para preservar, acomodar y repotenciar las acciones de atención a las personas.Resultados: La enfermera debe conocer los cuidados interculturales para considerar el tratamiento individual y/o colectivo y respetar las diferencias existentes en cuanto a creencias y valores. Esta premisa apoya la adhesión a las recomendaciones de prevención y tratamiento de Covid-19. El desconocimiento de la transmisibilidad y la invisibilidad del virus y de los factores de riesgo, junto con la diversidad cultural de la población, pueden dificultar el cumplimiento de las recomendaciones sanitarias.Consideraciones finales: La atención transcultural favorece la práctica de la educación para la salud y puede proporcionar condiciones para una mayor adhesión de la población a las acciones de enfermería.

Objetivo: Refletir sobre o cuidado transcultural à população a partir dos pressupostos teóricos e conceitos da Teoria Transcultural de Leininger, relacionados às recomendações para o combate da pandemia da Covid-19.Método: Estudo teórico reflexivo baseado no cuidado cultural competente, relacionado à realidade brasileira, utilizando-se os atributos conceituais de cuidado, cultura e visão de mundo. Articularam-se de modo crítico os raciocínios sobre a orientações de preservar, acomodar e repadronizar ações para o cuidado das pessoas.Resultados: O enfermeiro deve conhecer o cuidado transcultural para considerar o tratamento individual e ou coletivo e respeitar as diferenças existentes sobre as crenças e valores. Essa premissa corrobora para a adesão às recomendações de prevenção e tratamento da Covid-19. O desconhecimento sobre a transmissibilidade e invisibilidade do vírus e dos fatores de risco, aliados à diversidade cultural da população, podem dificultar a adesão às recomendações sanitárias.Considerações finais: O cuidado transcultural favorece a prática da educação em saúde e pode proporcionar condições para maior adesão da população às ações de enfermagem.

Simulation in nursing baccalaureate courses of Brazilian educational institutions.

OBJECTIVE: to characterize simulation practices in nursing courses in Brazil, considering the attributes developed, facilities, and challenges encountered. METHODS: this is a cross-sectional and descriptive study, with a quantitative approach. Ninety-one coordinators of undergraduate courses participated in the study. An electronic questionnaire was used with open- and closed-ended questions. RESULTS: the most used simulation modality is Specific Skills. Private courses and courses with integrated curricula most often use High Fidelity Simulation. Understanding the mobilization of affective attributes is still insufficient. CONCLUSION: it is important that undergraduate course managers are aware and take ownership of the elements that permeate simulation and invest to create a favorable environment for its effectiveness.

Coronavirus infections: health care planning based on Orem's Nursing Theory.

OBJECTIVE: to report the experience of professors and students of a graduate course on nursing care in coping with the new coronavirus (COVID-19) based on Self-Care Theory. METHOD: the active methodologies used were a literature search and seminar presentations, with an understanding of Orem's theoretical concepts: health; man; self-care; universal, developmental and health deviation requirements; self-care activities; self-care deficits; the required therapeutic demand; nursing systems. The pandemic was considered a health deviation that requires critical thinking and nursing care planning. Methodological frameworks to classify nursing diagnoses, interventions, and outcomes were used. RESULTS: for each health deviation, nursing systems were identified; self-care deficits, diagnoses; actions, interventions; and the form of assessment, outcomes. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: theoretical-practical reflections of the academic context support nursing care planning.

Coronavirus infections: health care planning based on Orem's Nursing Theory / Infecciones por coronavirus: planificación de la atención basada en la Teoría de Enfermería de Orem / Infecções por coronavírus: planejamento da assistência fundamentado na Teoria de Enfermagem de Orem

ABSTRACT Objective: to report the experience of professors and students of a graduate course on nursing care in coping with the new coronavirus (COVID-19) based on Self-Care Theory. Method: the active methodologies used were a literature search and seminar presentations, with an understanding of Orem's theoretical concepts: health; man; self-care; universal, developmental and health deviation requirements; self-care activities; self-care deficits; the required therapeutic demand; nursing systems. The pandemic was considered a health deviation that requires critical thinking and nursing care planning. Methodological frameworks to classify nursing diagnoses, interventions, and outcomes were used. Results: for each health deviation, nursing systems were identified; self-care deficits, diagnoses; actions, interventions; and the form of assessment, outcomes. Final considerations: theoretical-practical reflections of the academic context support nursing care planning.

RESUMEN Objetivo: reportar la experiencia de docentes y estudiantes de un curso de posgrado en cuidados de enfermería en la lucha contra el nuevo coronavirus basado en la Teoría del Autocuidado. Método: las metodologías activas utilizadas fueron: búsqueda de literatura y presentaciones en seminarios, con conocimiento de los conceptos teóricos de Orem: salud; hombre; cuidados personales; requisitos universales, de desarrollo y de desviación de la salud; actividades de autocuidado; déficit de autocuidado; la demanda terapéutica requerida; sistemas de enfermería. La pandemia se consideró una desviación de la salud que requiere pensamiento crítico y planificación de la atención de enfermería. Se utilizaron marcos metodológicos para la clasificación de diagnósticos, intervenciones y resultados de enfermería. Resultados: para cada desviación de salud, se identificaron sistemas de enfermería; déficit de autocuidado, diagnósticos; acciones, intervenciones; y la forma de evaluación, los resultados. Consideraciones finales: reflexiones teórico-prácticas del contexto académico corroboran la planificación del cuidado de enfermería.

RESUMO Objetivo: relatar a experiência de docente e discentes de uma disciplina de pós-graduação sobre assistência de enfermagem no combate ao novo coronavírus (COVID-19) fundamentada na Teoria do Autocuidado. Método: as metodologias ativas utilizadas foram a busca na literatura e apresentações de seminários, com apreensão dos conceitos teóricos de Orem: saúde; homem; o autocuidado; os requisitos universais, desenvolvimentais e de desvios de saúde; as atividades de autocuidado; os déficits de autocuidado; a demanda terapêutica requerida; e os sistemas de enfermagem. A pandemia foi considerada um desvio de saúde que demanda pensamento crítico e planejamento da assistência de enfermagem. Foram utilizados referenciais metodológicos das classificações de diagnósticos, intervenções e resultados de enfermagem. Resultados: para cada desvio de saúde, foram identificados sistemas de enfermagem; déficits de autocuidado, os diagnósticos; as ações, intervenções; e a forma de avaliação, os resultados. Considerações finais: reflexões teórico-práticas do contexto acadêmico corroboram o planejamento da assistência de enfermagem.

Theoretical reflections of Leininger's cross-cultural care in the context of Covid-19 / Reflexiones teóricas del cuidado transcultural de Leininger en el contexto de Covid-19 / Reflexões teóricas do cuidado transcultural de Leininger no contexto da Covid-19

ABSTRACT Objective To reflect on cross-cultural care for the population based on the theoretical assumptions and concepts of Leininger's Transcultural Theory, related to the recommendations for combating the Covid-19 pandemic. Method Reflective theoretical study based on culturally competent care, related to the Brazilian reality, using the conceptual attributes of care, culture, and worldview. Critically articulated the reasonings about the guidelines for preserving, accommodating, and repatterning actions for the care of people. Results The nurse must know cross-cultural care in order to consider individual and/or collective treatment and respect the existing differences in beliefs and values. This premise corroborates the adherence to Covid-19 prevention and treatment recommendations. The lack of knowledge about the transmissibility and invisibility of the virus and the risk factors, combined with the cultural diversity of the population, can make it difficult to adhere to health recommendations. Final considerations Cross-cultural care favors the practice of health education and can provide conditions for greater adherence of the population to nursing actions.

RESUMEN Objetivo Reflexionar sobre la atención intercultural para la población a partir de los supuestos y conceptos teóricos de la teoría transcultural de Leininger, relacionados con las recomendaciones para combatir la pandemia de Covid-19. Método Estudio teórico reflexivo basado en el cuidado culturalmente competente, relacionado con la realidad brasileña, utilizando los atributos conceptuales del cuidado, la cultura y la cosmovisión. Se articuló críticamente el razonamiento sobre las directrices para preservar, acomodar y repotenciar las acciones de atención a las personas. Resultados La enfermera debe conocer los cuidados interculturales para considerar el tratamiento individual y/o colectivo y respetar las diferencias existentes en cuanto a creencias y valores. Esta premisa apoya la adhesión a las recomendaciones de prevención y tratamiento de Covid-19. El desconocimiento de la transmisibilidad y la invisibilidad del virus y de los factores de riesgo, junto con la diversidad cultural de la población, pueden dificultar el cumplimiento de las recomendaciones sanitarias. Consideraciones finales La atención transcultural favorece la práctica de la educación para la salud y puede proporcionar condiciones para una mayor adhesión de la población a las acciones de enfermería.

RESUMO Objetivo Refletir sobre o cuidado transcultural à população a partir dos pressupostos teóricos e conceitos da Teoria Transcultural de Leininger, relacionados às recomendações para o combate da pandemia da Covid-19. Método Estudo teórico reflexivo baseado no cuidado cultural competente, relacionado à realidade brasileira, utilizando-se os atributos conceituais de cuidado, cultura e visão de mundo. Articularam-se de modo crítico os raciocínios sobre a orientações de preservar, acomodar e repadronizar ações para o cuidado das pessoas. Resultados O enfermeiro deve conhecer o cuidado transcultural para considerar o tratamento individual e ou coletivo e respeitar as diferenças existentes sobre as crenças e valores. Essa premissa corrobora para a adesão às recomendações de prevenção e tratamento da Covid-19. O desconhecimento sobre a transmissibilidade e invisibilidade do vírus e dos fatores de risco, aliados à diversidade cultural da população, podem dificultar a adesão às recomendações sanitárias. Considerações finais: O cuidado transcultural favorece a prática da educação em saúde e pode proporcionar condições para maior adesão da população às ações de enfermagem.

Simulation in nursing baccalaureate courses of Brazilian educational institutions / Simulación en cursos de bachillerato de enfermería de instituciones educativas brasileñas / O uso da simulação em cursos de bacharelado em enfermagem de instituições de ensino brasileiras

ABSTRACT Objective: to characterize simulation practices in nursing courses in Brazil, considering the attributes developed, facilities, and challenges encountered. Methods: this is a cross-sectional and descriptive study, with a quantitative approach. Ninety-one coordinators of undergraduate courses participated in the study. An electronic questionnaire was used with open- and closed-ended questions. Results: the most used simulation modality is Specific Skills. Private courses and courses with integrated curricula most often use High Fidelity Simulation. Understanding the mobilization of affective attributes is still insufficient. Conclusion: it is important that undergraduate course managers are aware and take ownership of the elements that permeate simulation and invest to create a favorable environment for its effectiveness.

RESUMEN Objetivo: caracterizar las prácticas de simulación en cursos de enfermería en Brasil considerando los atributos desarrollados, las instalaciones y los desafíos encontrados. Métodos: estudio transversal y descriptivo, con enfoque cuantitativo. En el estudio participaron 91 coordinadores de cursos de pregrado. Se utilizó un cuestionario electrónico con preguntas abiertas y cerradas. Resultados: la modalidad de simulación más utilizada fue Habilidades Específicas. Los cursos privados y los cursos con planes de estudio integrados suelen utilizar la Simulación de Alta Fidelidad. La comprensión de la movilización de atributos afectivos es aún insuficiente. Conclusión: es importante que los gerentes de los cursos de pregrado estén sensibilizados, apropiándose de los elementos que permean la simulación e invirtiendo para crear un entorno propicio para su efectividad.

RESUMO Objetivo: Caracterizar práticas de simulação nos Cursos de Enfermagem do Brasil, considerando os atributos desenvolvidos. Métodos: Estudo transversal e descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa. Participaram do estudo 91 coordenadores de cursos de graduação. Foi utilizado questionário eletrônico com questões abertas e fechadas. Resultados: A modalidade de simulação mais utilizada foi a de Habilidades Específicas. Cursos privados e os cursos com currículos integrados utilizam com maior frequência a Simulação de Alta Fidelidade. A compreensão sobre a mobilização dos atributos afetivos ainda é insuficiente. Conclusão: É importante que os gestores dos cursos de graduação sejam sensibilizados e apropriem-se dos elementos que permeiam a realização da simulação e invistam para oportunizar um ambiente favorável para sua efetivação.

From suffering to resignation: Grounded Theory approach to maternal experience with newborn in phototherapy / Do sofrimento à resignação: experiência materna com recém-nascido em fototerapia na abordagem Grounded Theory

Abstract Objectives: understanding the experience of puerperal womenwith newborn in phototherapy treatment in rooming-in care. Methods: qualitative research analyzed according to the Grounded Theory and the results discussed in the light of Symbolic Interactionism. The interviews were audiotaped and transcribed in full. The theoretical saturation was based on the analysis of the 15th interview with puerperal women, undergoing the experience in the maternity of the Public Hospital of São Paulo State. Results: from the analysis emerged four categories (sub processes): getting disappointed with the bad news; feeling recluse, separated from her baby, accountable and with not enough support for care; resigning to the protective role of mother of a baby in suffering and at risk; seeking strategies to deal with the situation. From the realignment of these categories (sub processes) emerged the core category (process): from suffering to resignation in order to deal with the maternal experience with NB in phototherapy. Conclusions: the symbolic intervening component, mother's protective role, prompted her to attempt to cope with the challenging experience by feeling compelled to exercise the function of caretaker. The same way that the rooming-in care team emerged in the experience of the mother, using the same symbol, to hold her accountable for constant vigilance in maintaining the integrity of baby's vision.

Resumo Objetivos: compreender a experiência de puérperas com recém-nascido em tratamento fototerápico em alojamento conjunto. Métodos: pesquisa qualitativa analisada segundo a Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados e os resultados discutidos à luz do Interacionismo Simbólico. As entrevistas foram audio-gravadas e transcritas na íntegra. A saturação teórica deu-se a partir da análise da 15ª entrevista com puérperas, vivenciando a experiência em maternidade de Hospital Público do Estado de São Paulo. Resultados: da análise emergiram quatro categorias (subprocessos): decepcionando-se com a má notícia; sentindo-se reclusa, apartada do bebê, responsabilizada e com apoio insuficiente para o cuidado; resignando-se ao papel protetor de mãe de bebê em sofrimento e em risco; buscando estratégias para lidar com a situação. Do realinhamento dessas categorias (subprocessos) emergiu a categoria central (processo): do sofrimento à resignação para enfrentar a experiência materna com recém-nascido em fototerapia. Conclusões: o componente interveniente simbólico, papel protetor de mãe, impulsionou-a a tentativas de lidar com a experiência desafiante ao se sentir compelida ao exercício de cuidadora. Da mesma forma que, a equipe do alojamento conjunto emergiu na vivência dessa mãe, utilizando-se do mesmo símbolo, para responsabilizá-la pela vigilância constante na manutenção da integridade da visão do bebê.