Epidemiological profile of patients undergoing non-operative management of solid organ injury and associated factors with mortality.

INTRODUCTION: Trauma primarily affects the economically active population, causing social and economic impact. The non-operative management of solid organ injuries aims to preserve organ function, reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with surgical interventions. The aim of study was to demonstrate the epidemiological profile of patients undergoing non-operative management in a trauma hospital and to evaluate factors associated with mortality in these patients. METHODS: This is a historical cohort of patients undergoing non-operative management for solid organ injuries at a Brazilian trauma reference hospital between 2018 and 2022. Included were patients with blunt and penetrating trauma, analyzing epidemiological characteristics, blood transfusion, and association with the need for surgical intervention. RESULTS: A total of 365 patients were included in the study. Three hundred and forty-three patients were discharged (93.97%), and the success rate of non-operative treatment was 84.6%. There was an association between mortality and the following associated injuries: hemothorax, sternal fracture, aortic dissection, and traumatic brain injury. There was an association between the need for transfusion and surgical intervention. Thirty-eight patients required some form of surgical intervention. CONCLUSION: The profile of patients undergoing non-operative treatment consists of young men who are victims of blunt trauma. Non-operative treatment is safe and has a high success rate.

Epidemiological profile of patients undergoing non-operative management of solid organ injury and associated factors with mortality / Perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes submetidos a tratamento não operatório de lesão de órgãos sólidos e os fatores associados a óbito

ABSTRACT Introduction: Trauma primarily affects the economically active population, causing social and economic impact. The non-operative management of solid organ injuries aims to preserve organ function, reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with surgical interventions. The aim of study was to demonstrate the epidemiological profile of patients undergoing non-operative management in a trauma hospital and to evaluate factors associated with mortality in these patients. Methods: This is a historical cohort of patients undergoing non-operative management for solid organ injuries at a Brazilian trauma reference hospital between 2018 and 2022. Included were patients with blunt and penetrating trauma, analyzing epidemiological characteristics, blood transfusion, and association with the need for surgical intervention. Results: A total of 365 patients were included in the study. Three hundred and forty-three patients were discharged (93.97%), and the success rate of non-operative treatment was 84.6%. There was an association between mortality and the following associated injuries: hemothorax, sternal fracture, aortic dissection, and traumatic brain injury. There was an association between the need for transfusion and surgical intervention. Thirty-eight patients required some form of surgical intervention. Conclusion: The profile of patients undergoing non-operative treatment consists of young men who are victims of blunt trauma. Non-operative treatment is safe and has a high success rate.

RESUMO Introdução: O trauma atinge principalmente a população economicamente ativa, causando impacto social e econômico. O tratamento não operatório das lesões de órgãos sólidos tem como objetivo preservar a função do órgão, diminuindo a morbimortalidade envolvida nos tratamentos cirúrgicos. O objetivo do estudo foi demonstrar o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes submetidos ao tratamento não operatório em um hospital de trauma, bem como avaliar o fatores associados ao óbito nesses pacientes. Métodos: Trata-se de uma coorte histórica de pacientes submetidos à tratamento não operatório de lesão de órgãos sólidos, em um hospital referência de trauma brasileiro, entre 2018 e 2022. Foram incluídos pacientes vítimas de trauma contuso e penetrante, analisando as características epidemiológicas, hemotransfusão e associação ou não com necessidade de abordagem cirúrgica. Resultados: Foram incluídos 365 pacientes no estudo. Trezentos e quarenta e três pacientes receberam alta (93,97%) e a taxa de sucesso no tratamento não operatório foi de de 84,6%. Houve associação entre o desfecho óbito e as seguintes lesões associadas: hemopneumotorax, fratura de esterno, dissecção de aorta e traumatismo crânio encefálico. Houve associação entre necessidade de transfusão e abordagem cirúrgica. Trinta e oito pacientes necessitaram de alguma abordagem cirúrgica. Conclusão: O perfil dos pacientes submetidos a TNO são homens jovens, vítimas de trauma contuso. O tratamento não operatório é seguro e apresenta alta taxa de sucesso.

Laparoscopy treatment of liver abscess secondary to an unusual foreign body (rosemary twig).

A hepatic abscess caused by a swallowed foreign body is a rare and challenging diagnosis. Most patients have nonspecific symptoms, and more than 90% of patients do not remember having swallowed it, which occurred accidentally. In this setting, fish bones, chicken bones, and toothpicks are the most found foreign bodies. We reported the case of a 54-year-old male patient admitted with abdominal pain and intermittent fever. He was diagnosed with liver abscess and treated successfully with antibiotics and a laparoscopic procedure; a rosemary twig was found during the abscess drainage procedure. Furthermore, a literature review of 22 cases of laparoscopic treated liver abscesses associated with a foreign body was made.

Incidental gastric schwannoma identified during open Roux-en-Y gastric bypass / Schwannoma gástrico incidental identificado durante bypass gástrico em Y de Roux

RESUMEN Durante un procedimiento quirúrgico, ante una masa gástrica, el cirujano debe tomar la decisión de resecarla o posponer la cirugía (menor morbilidad), así como discutir con el equipo médico el mejor tratamiento. Los tumores mesenquimales gástricos que se encuentran durante la cirugía bariátrica son raros, especialmente el schwannoma gástrico (GS). Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 57 años, hipertensa y diabética en tratamiento, con un índice de masa corporal (IMC) de 36 kg/m², refiriendo dificultad para adelgazar con dieta y actividad física. La paciente fue sometida a un bypass gástrico Y de Roux con resección en cuña de un nódulo ubicado en la pared anterior de la escotadura angular. El análisis inmunohistoquímico fue fuertemente positivo para la proteína S100, mientras que c-kit (CD117), CD45, actina de músculo liso (SMA) y AE1/AE3 fueron negativos. El GS debe considerarse como un diagnóstico diferencial de los tumores gástricos. Presentamos una opción de tratamiento que le permite tratar a pacientes obesos con nódulos gástricos en cualquier lugar en el mismo procedimiento que la cirugía bariátrica.

Laparoscopy treatment of liver abscess secondary to an unusual foreign body (rosemary twig)

A hepatic abscess caused by a swallowed foreign body is a rare and challenging diagnosis. Most patients have nonspecific symptoms, and more than 90% of patients do not remember having swallowed it, which occurred accidentally. In this setting, fish bones, chicken bones, and toothpicks are the most found foreign bodies. We reported the case of a 54-year-old male patient admitted with abdominal pain and intermittent fever. He was diagnosed with liver abscess and treated successfully with antibiotics and a laparoscopic procedure; a rosemary twig was found during the abscess drainage procedure. Furthermore, a literature review of 22 cases of laparoscopic treated liver abscesses associated with a foreign body was made.

INCISIONAL HERNIOPLASTY TECHNIQUES: ANALYSIS AFTER OPEN BARIATRIC SURGERY.

BACKGROUND: Rives-Stoppa retromuscular technique: A) polypropylene mesh fixed on the posterior rectus sheath; B) rectus abdominal muscle; C) anterior rectus sheath being sutured. The best technique for incisional hernioplasty has not been established yet. One of the difficulties to compare these techniques is heterogeneity in the profile of the patients evaluated. AIM: To analyze the results of three techniques for incisional hernioplasty after open bariatric surgery. METHOD: Patients who underwent incisional hernioplasty were divided into three groups: onlay technique, simple suture and retromuscular technique. Results and quality of life after repair using Carolina's Comfort Scale were evaluated through analysis of medical records, telephone contact and elective appointments. RESULTS: 363 surgical reports were analyzed and 263 were included: onlay technique (n=89), simple suture (n=100), retromuscular technique (n=74). The epidemiological profile of patients was similar between groups. The onlay technique showed higher seroma rates (28.89%) and used a surgical drain more frequently (55.56%). The simple suture technique required longer hospital stay (2.86 days). The quality of life score was worse for the retromuscular technique (8.43) in relation to the onlay technique (4.7) and the simple suture (2.34), especially because of complaints of chronic pain. There was no difference in short-term recurrence. CONCLUSION: The retromuscular technique showed a worse quality of life than the other techniques in a homogeneous group of patients. The three groups showed no difference in terms of short-term hernia recurrence.

Factibility of open vertical gastrectomy in Brazil´s Public Health System. / Factibilidade da gastrectomia vertical aberta no Sistema Único de Saúde.

OBJECTIVE: to analyse clinical and epidemiological characteristics, postoperative complications, and weight loss in patients undergoing conventional vertical gastrectomy in a hospital under Brazil's Public Health System (SUS). METHODS: cross-sectional longitudinal retrospective study based on data collection from medical records for variable analysis in patients undergoing open vertical gastrectomy in SUS, from July 2013 to January 2017. RESULTS: we analysed 296 patients operated on during the study period, of which 54% were male. The average age was of 39.9 years ±11.4; the average body mass index (BMI) was of 43.5kg/m² in the preoperative period and of 30.3kg/m² in the postoperative period; and the excess weight loss was of 73.6% (83.24% had an excess weight loss greater than 50%). Preoperative BMI was higher in the group with weight loss below 50%. We observed a 5.4% rate of early complications requiring hospitalization and a 1% mortality rate. CONCLUSION: open vertical gastrectomy is a safe and effective weight loss technique, which can be more performed in SUS. Among the variables evaluated in our work, the previous BMI was the only one related to the postoperative success.

OBJETIVO: analisar as características clínicas e epidemiológicas, as complicações pós-operatórias e a perda de peso em pacientes submetidos à gastrectomia vertical por via convencional, em uma instituição de saúde do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). MÉTODOS: estudo transversal, longitudinal, retrospectivo realizado a partir da coleta de dados de prontuários para análise de variáveis em pacientes submetidos à gastrectomia vertical aberta, no SUS, no período de julho de 2013 a janeiro de 2017. RESULTADOS: foram analisados 296 pacientes operados no período do estudo, dos quais 54% eram do sexo masculino; a média de idade foi de 39,9 anos ±11,4; o índice de massa corporal (IMC) médio no pré-operatório foi de 43,5kg/m² e no pós-operatório, de 30,3kg/m²; a perda de excesso de peso foi de 73,6%; 83,24% apresentaram uma perda de excesso de peso maior do que 50%; o IMC pré-operatório foi maior no grupo com perda de peso menor do que 50%. Observou-se uma taxa de complicações precoces com necessidade de internamento de 5,4% e um índice de mortalidade de 1%. CONCLUSÃO: a gastrectomia vertical aberta é uma técnica segura e eficaz para a perda de peso e que pode ser mais realizada no SUS. Dentre as variáveis avaliadas, o IMC prévio foi a única relacionada com o sucesso pós-operatório.

Incisional hernioplasty techniques: analysis after open bariatric surgery / Análise das técnicas de hernioplastia incisional após cirurgia bariátrica aberta

ABSTRACT Background: The best technique for incisional hernioplasty has not been established yet. One of the difficulties to compare these techniques is heterogeneity in the profile of the patients evaluated. Aim: To analyze the results of three techniques for incisional hernioplasty after open bariatric surgery. Method: Patients who underwent incisional hernioplasty were divided into three groups: onlay technique, simple suture and retromuscular technique. Results and quality of life after repair using Carolina's Comfort Scale were evaluated through analysis of medical records, telephone contact and elective appointments. Results: 363 surgical reports were analyzed and 263 were included: onlay technique (n=89), simple suture (n=100), retromuscular technique (n=74). The epidemiological profile of patients was similar between groups. The onlay technique showed higher seroma rates (28.89%) and used a surgical drain more frequently (55.56%). The simple suture technique required longer hospital stay (2.86 days). The quality of life score was worse for the retromuscular technique (8.43) in relation to the onlay technique (4.7) and the simple suture (2.34), especially because of complaints of chronic pain. There was no difference in short-term recurrence. Conclusion: The retromuscular technique showed a worse quality of life than the other techniques in a homogeneous group of patients. The three groups showed no difference in terms of short-term hernia recurrence.

RESUMO Racional: A melhor técnica de hernioplastia incisional ainda não foi definida. Uma das dificuldades na comparação é a heterogenicidade no perfil dos pacientes avaliados. Objetivo: Analisar os resultados de três técnicas de hernioplastia incisional após cirurgia bariátrica aberta. Método: Os pacientes que realizaram hernioplastias incisionais foram estudados e divididos em três grupos: técnica onlay, sutura simples e técnica retromuscular. Resultados e qualidade de vida após o reparo utilizando o Carolina's Comfort Scale foram avaliados através de análise de prontuários, contato telefônico e consultas eletivas. Resultados: Foram analisados 363 relatos cirúrgicos e 263 foram incluídos: técnica onlay (n=89), sutura simples (n=100), técnica retromuscular (n=74). O perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes foi similar entre os grupos. A técnica onlay apresentou maiores taxas de seroma (28,89%) e usou dreno com maior frequência (55,56%). A sutura simples obteve maior tempo de internação (2,86 dias). O escore de qualidade de vida foi pior na técnica retromuscular (8,43) em relação à onlay (4,7) e à sutura simples (2,34), especialmente devido às queixas de dor crônica. Não houve diferença quanto a recidiva em curto prazo. Conclusão: A técnica retromuscular apresentou pior qualidade de vida do que as demais técnicas em um grupo homogêneo de pacientes. Os três grupos não mostraram diferenças em termos de recidiva de hérnia em curto prazo.

Análise de prevalência e preditores de deficiências nutricionais após gastrectomia vertical / Prevalence analysis and predictors of nutritional deficiencies after sleeve gastrectomy

Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência de deficiências nutricionais no pós-operatório de gastrectomia vertical (GV) e a influência do uso de multivitamínicos e da perda peso. Materiais e métodos: análise retrospectiva de 190 pacientes submetidos a GV de 2013 a 2017. Foi avaliada uma dosagem sérica de micronutrientes e a relação com a perda de peso. Resultados: dos 190 pacientes, 28,97% apresentavam anemia, 11,22% apresentaram ferritina baixa, deficiências de albumina (2%), zinco (1%), vitamina B12 (4,35%) e a vitamina D (9,78%). Além disso, 34,4% precisou repor vitamina D, 27,2% vitamina B12 e 12,5% ferro. A deficiência de vitamina D foi diretamente relacionada com peso pré-operatório mais elevado(p=0,038). Não houve relação entre o uso de multivitamínicos ou perda de peso e a prevalência das deficiências nutricionais. Conclusões: o peso pré-operatório elevado foi um preditor de deficiência de vitamina D no pós operatório.

Objective: Assess the prevalence of nutritional deficiencies in the postoperative period of sleeve gastrectomy and the influence of multivitamins use and weight loss. Methods: A retrospective and cross-sectional analysis of 190 patients who underwent sleeve gastrectomy from 2013 to 2017. Micronutrients levels were analyzed and compared with weight loss. Results: Anemia was present in 28.97% of the patients, and 11.22% had low ferritin, albumin (2%)and zinc (1%) levels. Regarding vitamin deficiencies, vitamin B12 was low in 4.35% and vitamin D in 9.78%. Besides, 34.4% of the sample required vitamin D supplementation, 27.2% vitamin B12 supplementation, and 12.5% iron supplementation. Vitamin D deficiency was directly related to higher preoperative weight (p = 0.038). There was no link between the use of multivitamins or weight loss and the prevalence of nutritional deficiencies. Conclusions: High preoperative weight was a predictor of postoperative vitamin D deficiency.

Intussuscepção jejuno-jejunal e hérnia de petersen concomitantes pós cirurgia bariátrica / Concurrent jejuno-jejunal intussusception and petersen's hernia after bariatric surgery

A intussuscepção intestinal e a hérnia de Petersen são duas possíveis complicações em pacientes submetidos a bypass gástrico em Y de Roux. Os sintomas podem ocorrer de meses a anos após a cirurgia, caracterizando-se principalmente por um quadro obstrutivo em que a dor é o principal sintoma. Este é o primeiro relato da associação de ambas as condições em uma paciente do sexo feminino, 25 anos, que procurou o serviço do hospital 4 anos após ter realizado bypass gástrico com quadro de dor abdominal, náusea e parada de eliminação de flatos. Durante o ato cirúrgico, foi realizada a redução da hérnia e enterectomia do segmento com intussuscepção. O presente relato de caso corrobora para demonstrar a importância da suspeita clínica no diagnóstico diferencial de dor abdominal em pacientes submetidos a bypass gástrico em Y de Roux

Intussusception and Petersen's hernias are two possible complications in patients who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). The symptoms may occur several months to years after the surgery, characterized by an obstructive acute abdomen with pain as the main symptom. This is the first report with both conditions in a 25-year-old female patient that presented to the emergency department (ER) after 4 years of RYGB with abdominal pain, nausea and no flatus. During the surgical procedure, the Petersen's hernia was reduced and the retrograde intussusception was resected. The present report aims to show the importance of clinical suspicion in the differential diagnosis of abdominal pain after RYGB