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Aim: The present study aimed to assess the clinical outcome of root coverage following coronally advanced flap with or without amniotic membrane in Miller's class I or class II localized gingival recession in relation to anteriors. Methods: Five patients with bilaterally symmetrical Miller's class I or class II localized gingival recession were included in the study. Each patient was divided into control (without amniotic membrane) and test sites (with amniotic membrane) arbitrarily. Clinical parameters including plaque index, probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and depth and width of the gingival recession were recorded in a pro forma at baseline and in the 2nd, 4th, 12th week. The results were tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: A 0.600-mm, 0.400-mm, 2.630-mm, and 2.616-mm reduction in PPD and gain in CAL were observed at control and test sites in the 12th week postoperatively and was found to be statistically insignificant (P = 0.580 and P = 0.871, respectively). Changes in depth and width of the gingival recession were observed and found to be maximum between base line (2.28 mm, 3.01 mm, 2.71, and 3.09 mm) and 2nd week (0.00, 0.00 mm, 0.23, and 0.20 mm) but without statistical significance. Conclusion: From the above results of the study, it could be concluded that the use of amniotic membrane as a barrier along with coronally advanced flap did not influence the clinical outcome of root coverage procedure.
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Aim: The present study aimed to estimate the serum procalcitonin (PCT) levels in periodontally healthy individuals and chronic periodontitis patients with Type II diabetes mellitus (DM). Materials and Methods: Forty-five male subjects aged 25-60 years were enrolled in the study and grouped as Group I (healthy), Group II (chronic periodontitis), and Group III (chronic periodontitis with Type II DM). Clinical parameters (dental plaque scores, bleeding scores, probing pocket depth, and loss of attachment) and glycemic parameters (random blood sugar and glycated hemoglobin levels) were recorded. Serum procalcitonin levels were analyzed using Raybio® Human Procalcitonin Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay kit using the sandwich technique. All the data obtained were tabulated and analyzed using SYSTAT 12 statistical software. Kruskal-Wallis test was applied to compare the mean scores between the three study groups, and Spearman's ρ correlation coefficient was used to find out the association. Results: Serum procalcitonin levels were markedly increased in periodontitis group when compared to the healthy group. The mean serum levels of procalcitonin in Group I, Group II, and Group III were 22.52 pg/ml, 64.23 pg/ml, and 185.86 pg/ml, respectively. The variation in the procalcitonin levels was statistically significant at P < 0.001. Conclusion: The expression of procalcitonin in serum was increased to eightfold in the periodontitis group with diabetes in comparison to the healthy group, which shows that periodontal disease can cause the release of procalcitonin.
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Context: Gingival recession is the most common mucogingival defect and is susceptible to tooth hypersensitivity, root caries, and esthetic problems if left untreated. A lateral pedicle flap is used to cover denuded roots that have adequate donor tissue laterally and adequate vestibular depth. A carefully planned surgery needs proper immobilization of the flap at the recipient site and this can be achieved by proper wound closure technique with appropriate material such as sutures or tissue adhesives. Aim: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the clinical outcomes of lateral pedicle flap stabilized with cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive and resorbable sutures. Materials and Methods: Twenty-two patients with Miller's class I and class II gingival recession were randomly divided into two groups: lateral pedicle flap stabilized with cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive (test) and lateral pedicle flap stabilized with resorbable sutures (control). Plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, recession depth and width, height and thickness of keratinized gingiva were evaluated at baseline and 1st and 3rd month postoperatively. The percentage of root coverage was evaluated at the end of 3rd month postoperatively. Statistical Analysis Used: Intergroup comparisons for the clinical attachment level, recession depth, recession width, thickness of keratinized gingiva, and height of keratinized gingiva were made by Mann-Whitney test by analyzing the difference of two time periods. Intragroup comparisons were made by the Kruskal-Wallis test. Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the difference between various time periods within the group for all the selected variables. Results: The mean plaque index and gingival index at the 1st and 3rd month were found to be statistically significant and did not present any significant influence over other clinical parameters evaluated. A partial root coverage was observed in both the groups (71.97% for the test group and 61.36% for the control group). Conclusions: Cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive is clinically effective in the stabilization of the lateral pedicle flap and can be used as an alternative to resorbable sutures.
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BACKGROUND: Microsurgical technique is a recent advancement in periodontal plastic surgery, which improves the predictability of periodontal procedures, providing better esthetic results with minimal postoperative discomfort. Alloderm is an alternate to connective tissue grafts, which has been successfully used for root coverage. The present study aims at Comparative assessment of Micro and Conventional surgical techniques for root coverage using coronally positioned flap (CPF) with Alloderm. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty sites with Miller's Class I or II gingival recession defects were selected; sites were randomly divided into control and test groups. Test sites were treated with CPF and acellular dermal matrix (ADM) using Microsurgery and control sites were treated with CPF and ADM using conventional method. RESULTS: Conventional and Microsurgical procedures for root coverage showed a statistically significant difference in all clinical parameters from baseline to 3 and 6 months (P < 0.01). The microsurgical technique demonstrated a significant difference in ultrasonographic thickness of gingiva (P < 0.003) and patient satisfaction score (P < 0.005). CONCLUSION: Microsurgical procedure for root coverage was found to be superior to the conventional macrosurgical approach under magnification. Microsurgical sites healed faster with neovascularization demonstrated on ultrasonographic evaluation with improved gingival thickness and patient satisfaction scores.
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PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: The aim of the study was to evaluate the difference in the color of microhybrid (MH) and nanofilled (NF) composite resins after 24 and 48 h in beverages such as red wine (RW), Coca-Cola, and distilled water. The specific objective of this study was to investigate the cumulative effect of the colorant solutions on the dental composites. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MH and NF composite resins (A2 shade) were used in this current study. Sixty disk-shaped material specimens (10 mm in diameter × 2 mm in thickness) were prepared using a fiber mold (ring), with the desired dimensions. The specimen surfaces were polished using super-snap polishing system. Sixty specimens were divided into two groups of 30 each (Group I: MH resin composite; Group II: NF resin composite). Both the groups divided into six subgroups (Subgroup I: RW for 24 h [RW-24]; Subgroup II: RW for 48 h; Subgroup III: Coca-Cola for 24 h [CC-24]; Subgroup IV: Coca-Cola for 48 h [CC-48]; Subgroup V: Distilled water for 24 h [DW-24]; Subgroup VI: Distilled water for 48 h [DW-48]). All the samples were immersed in respective drinks for a period of 24 h, and color differences were measured using ultraviolet spectrophotometer. Once again, all the samples were immersed for another 24 h in the same drinks. After 48 h, the color change of the samples was measured. Measurements were made according to the CIE L × a × b × color space relative to the CIE standard illuminant D65. The color changes of the specimens were evaluated using the following formula: Statistical analysis was performed. The data were analyzed using the one-way ANOVA and t-test at a significance level of 0.05. CONCLUSION: Color stability of MH composite resin was found to be inferior than the NF resin composite irrespective of immersion medium and time. In RW, the color change observed was maximum for both composite resins followed by Coca-Cola. Immersing the resin composites in distilled water for 24 and 48 h had negligible color change. A 48-h immersion of both composite resins in all three immersion mediums showed greater color change than 24 h immersion.