Promoting community health collaboration between CTSA programs and Cooperative Extension to advance rural health equity: Insights from a national Un-Meeting.

Addressing rural health disparities has unique challenges that require cross-sector collaborations to address social determinants of health and help those in need to get connected to care continuum. We brought the Clinical and Translational Science Award, Institutional Development Award Program Infrastructure for Clinical and Translational Research, and Cooperative Extension System Programs together for a one-day semi-structured meeting to discuss collaborative opportunities to address rural health disparities. Session notes and event materials were analyzed for themes to facilitate collaboration such as defining rural, critical issues, and organizational strengths in support of collaboration. Across 16 sessions, there were 26 broad topics of discussion. The most frequent topics included "barriers and challenges," "strategies and opportunities," and "defining rural." There is a growing understanding of the opportunity that collaboration between these large programs provides in addressing rural health disparities.

Quantitative methods for assessing local and bodywide contributions to Wolbachia titer in maternal germline cells of Drosophila.

BACKGROUND: Little is known about how bacterial endosymbionts colonize host tissues. Because many insect endosymbionts are maternally transmitted, egg colonization is critical for endosymbiont success. Wolbachia bacteria, carried by approximately half of all insect species, provide an excellent model for characterizing endosymbiont infection dynamics. To date, technical limitations have precluded stepwise analysis of germline colonization by Wolbachia. It is not clear to what extent titer-altering effects are primarily mediated by growth rates of Wolbachia within cell lineages or migration of Wolbachia between cells. RESULTS: The objective of this work is to inform mechanisms of germline colonization through use of optimized methodology. The approaches are framed in terms of nutritional impacts on Wolbachia. Yeast-rich diets in particular have been shown to suppress Wolbachia titer in the Drosophila melanogaster germline. To determine the extent of Wolbachia sensitivity to diet, we optimized 3-dimensional, multi-stage quantification of Wolbachia titer in maternal germline cells. Technical and statistical validation confirmed the identity of Wolbachia in vivo, the reproducibility of Wolbachia quantification and the statistical power to detect these effects. The data from adult feeding experiments demonstrated that germline Wolbachia titer is distinctly sensitive to yeast-rich host diets in late oogenesis. To investigate the physiological basis for these nutritional impacts, we optimized methodology for absolute Wolbachia quantification by real-time qPCR. We found that yeast-rich diets exerted no significant effect on bodywide Wolbachia titer, although ovarian titers were significantly reduced. This suggests that host diets affects Wolbachia distribution between the soma and late stage germline cells. Notably, relative qPCR methods distorted apparent wsp abundance, due to altered host DNA copy number in yeast-rich conditions. This highlights the importance of absolute quantification data for testing mechanistic hypotheses. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate that absolute quantification of Wolbachia, using well-controlled cytological and qPCR-based methods, creates new opportunities to determine how bacterial abundance within the germline relates to bacterial distribution within the body. This methodology can be applied to further test germline infection dynamics in response to chemical treatments, genetic conditions, new host/endosymbiont combinations, or potentially adapted to analyze other cell and tissue types.

Protoporfiria eritropoyética: reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Protoporphyria, erythrohepatic: report of a case and review of the literature

Se reporta el caso de una niña de 7 años de edad, procedente de Ayacucho (sierra del Perú), con enfermedad de 5 años de evolución caracterizada por prurito y ardor en zonas expuestas. Antecedentes personales y familiares no contributorios. El examen reveló una niña levemente pálida, con gruesas costras color marrón oscuro y úlceras con cicatrices prominentes en nariz, pabellón auricular y dorso de primeros dedos de ambas manos, con severa deformación en flexión de los dedos afectados, acortamiento de falanges distales y distrofia aungueal. Además, presentaba cicatrices atróficas lineales y ovaladas en las mejillas. La biopsia de piel reveló depósito de material amorfo eosinofilico en dermis papilar y reticular, perivascular e intersticial, con lo que se hizo el diagnóstico de protoporfiria eritropoyética. Se presenta el caso y una revisión de la literatura debido a la importancia de diagnosticar a tiempo esta enfermedad y evitar no sólo complicaciones hematológicas o hepáticas, sino también incapacidad manual por la cicatrización retráctil, resultado de un diagnóstico tardío.