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1.
Prog. obstet. ginecol. (Ed. impr.) ; 59(3): 180-184, mayo-jun. 2016. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-163861

RESUMO

Objetivo: revisar si la administración de dosis bajas de aspirina durante el embarazo reduce el riesgo de preeclampsia. Material y métodos: se realizó una búsqueda en PubMed, donde se incluyeron ensayos controlados aleatorios, revisiones sistemáticas y metaanálisis publicados entre 2003 y 2013 y escritos en inglés. El principal resultado de interés fue la preeclampsia. Resultados: la búsqueda identificó 174 artículos, pero solo 13 fueron seleccionados. El grupo control se hizo con placebo o sin tratamiento. Las dosis de aspirina fueron de entre 40-160 mg/día. La aspirina se administró antes o después de 20 semanas de gestación. También se comparó el efecto de la aspirina según si eran mujeres con factores de riesgo o si desarrollaban preeclampsia grave o preeclampsia pretérmino. Conclusión: se recomienda el uso de dosis bajas de aspirina en embarazadas de alto riesgo antes de las 16 semanas de gestación (AU)


Objective: To review whether the administration of low-dose aspirin during pregnancy reduces the risk of preeclampsia. Material and methods: We performed a PubMed search. We included randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews and meta-analyses published between 2003 and 2013 and written in English. The main outcome of interest was preeclampsia. Results: The search identified 174 articles, but only 13 were selected. The control group consisted of patients receiving placebo or no treatment. Aspirin doses were between 40 and 160 mg/day. Aspirin was administered before or after 20 weeks of pregnancy. The effect of aspirin was compared, depending on whether the women had risk factors or if they developed severe preeclampsia or preterm preeclampsia. Conclusion: We recommend the use of low-dose aspirin in high risk pregnancies before 16 weeks of pregnancy (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Pré-Eclâmpsia/tratamento farmacológico , Pré-Eclâmpsia/prevenção & controle , Inibidores da Agregação Plaquetária/uso terapêutico , Hipertensão Induzida pela Gravidez/tratamento farmacológico , Hipertensão Induzida pela Gravidez/prevenção & controle , Doses Mínimas/normas , Fatores de Risco , Pré-Eclâmpsia/fisiopatologia , Complicações na Gravidez/tratamento farmacológico , Complicações na Gravidez/prevenção & controle
4.
Med. clín (Ed. impr.) ; 134(12): 521-527, abr. 2010. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-82794

RESUMO

Fundamento y objetivo: Describir las características de pacientes adultos con infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) según su edad al momento de la inclusión en la Cohorte de la Red de Investigación en Sida (CoRIS). Pacientes y métodos: Análisis de una cohorte abierta, prospectiva, multicéntrica de adultos con infección por el VIH sin tratamiento antirretroviral previo, atendidos por primera vez entre enero de 2004 y noviembre de 2008, en 28 hospitales españoles (CoRIS). Se analizaron sus características en la primera visita y la distribución de las enfermedades definitorias de sida (EDS) a lo largo de la vida, según la edad al momento de la inclusión. El retraso diagnóstico se definió como pacientes con diagnóstico de sida o cifra de CD4+ inferior a 200 cel/μl durante el año posterior al diagnóstico de la infección por el VIH. Resultados: Participaron 4.418 personas; el 30,4% con 30 años o menos, el 60,6% de entre 31 y 50 años y el 8,9% de mayores de 50 años. El 31,6% de los pacientes eran inmigrantes (el 44,1% entre los jóvenes), el 79,6% correspondía a transmisión sexual y el 15,2% tenía diagnóstico de sida en la primera visita (el 28,1% entre los mayores de 50 años). El 34,6% de los pacientes tenía retraso diagnóstico (el 53,3% en los mayores de 50 años). La distribución de las EDS varió con la edad: las tuberculosis son más frecuentes en jóvenes y la neumonía por Pneumocystis jiroveci, la leucoencefalopatía multifocal progresiva, la encefalopatía por VIH, la neumonía recurrente y el linfoma cerebral primario son más frecuentes en los mayores. Conclusiones: Las características inmunológicas y las EDS varían con la edad. El porcentaje de personas con retraso diagnóstico es inaceptablemente alto, lo que indica que deben diseñarse intervenciones dirigidas a efectuar un diagnóstico más precoz (AU)


Background and objective: To describe the characteristics of HIV infected adults according to their age at recruitment in CoRIS. Patients and methods: Analysis of an open, prospective, multicentric cohort of HIV+ adults without previous antiretroviral treatment, attended for the first time from January/2004 to November/2008, in 28 Spanish hospitals (CoRIS). We analyzed their characteristics at recruitment and the distribution of AIDS defining illnesses (ADI) prior to cohort entry and during follow up, according to their age at recruitment. Delayed diagnosis was defined as a patient with AIDS diagnosis and/or CD4+ cell count lower than 200 cells/μl within the first year after HIV diagnosis. Results: Of 4,418 patients included, 30.4% were <=30 years old, 60.6% between 31 and 50 and 8.9% older than 50 at cohort entry; 31.6% of patients were immigrants (44.1% in the youngest group), 79.6% had been sexually transmitted and 15.2% had an AIDS diagnosis at cohort entry (28.1% between those older than 50). In 34.6% of cases there was a late diagnosis (53.3% in the oldest group). The ADIs varied according to age; tuberculosis was more frequent in the youngest. Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, HIV related encephalopathy, recurrent pneumonia and primary lymphoma of brain were more frequent among the oldest. Conclusions: The immunological characteristics and the distribution of ADIs varied according to age. The proportion of late diagnosis was unacceptably high, suggesting the need of specific interventions designed to promote earlier diagnosis (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/epidemiologia , Infecções por HIV/prevenção & controle , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/diagnóstico , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/epidemiologia , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Infecções por HIV/virologia , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores Etários , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Fatores de Tempo , Espanha/epidemiologia , Estudos de Coortes
5.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 134(12): 521-7, 2010 Apr 24.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20207371

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To describe the characteristics of HIV infected adults according to their age at recruitment in CoRIS. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Analysis of an open, prospective, multicentric cohort of HIV+ adults without previous antiretroviral treatment, attended for the first time from January/2004 to November/2008, in 28 Spanish hospitals (CoRIS). We analyzed their characteristics at recruitment and the distribution of AIDS defining illnesses (ADI) prior to cohort entry and during follow up, according to their age at recruitment. Delayed diagnosis was defined as a patient with AIDS diagnosis and/or CD4+ cell count lower than 200 cells/microl within the first year after HIV diagnosis. RESULTS: Of 4,418 patients included, 30.4% were < or =30 years old, 60.6% between 31 and 50 and 8.9% older than 50 at cohort entry; 31.6% of patients were immigrants (44.1% in the youngest group), 79.6% had been sexually transmitted and 15.2% had an AIDS diagnosis at cohort entry (28.1% between those older than 50). In 34.6% of cases there was a late diagnosis (53.3% in the oldest group). The ADIs varied according to age; tuberculosis was more frequent in the youngest. Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, HIV related encephalopathy, recurrent pneumonia and primary lymphoma of brain were more frequent among the oldest. CONCLUSIONS: The immunological characteristics and the distribution of ADIs varied according to age. The proportion of late diagnosis was unacceptably high, suggesting the need of specific interventions designed to promote earlier diagnosis.


Assuntos
Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/diagnóstico , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos de Coortes , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Feminino , Infecções por HIV/diagnóstico , Infecções por HIV/prevenção & controle , Infecções por HIV/virologia , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores Sexuais , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Espanha/epidemiologia , Fatores de Tempo , Carga Viral
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