Liver and lung hydatid cysts with transdiaphragmatic rupture treated by radical surgery.

Hydatidosis is a parasitic disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus, a tapeworm that is endemic in certain parts of the world. We present a case of hepatopulmonary hydatidosis with diaphragm involvement and close contact with the suprahepatic inferior vena cava treated with radical surgery. We discuss therapeutical surgical options (approach and type of surgery).

Modelo de docencia basado en competencias: revisión breve y aplicación práctica en anestesia para cirugía torácica / Teaching model based on competencies: Brief review and practical application in anesthesia for thoracic surgery

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Cirugía torácica asistida por vídeo uniportal en paciente despierto / Single-port video-assisted thoracic surgery in an awake patient

La cirugía torácica asistida por vídeo se realiza tradicionalmente bajo anestesia general e intubación endotraqueal con tubo de doble luz. Sin embargo, en los últimos años se están llevando a cabo procedimientos que incluyen desde toracoscopias diagnósticas a cirugía de resección pulmonar en pacientes despiertos en ventilación espontánea bajo anestesia locorregional con o sin sedación, evitando así los riesgos inherentes a la anestesia general, a la intubación con tubos de doble luz y a la ventilación mecánica. Este tipo de aproximación se ha mostrado efectiva para permitir un adecuado abordaje quirúrgico, garantizando un idóneo nivel de analgesia, una correcta oxigenación de los pacientes, y facilitando su precoz recuperación postoperatoria. Presentamos 2 casos clínicos de cirugía torácica asistida por vídeo, una biopsia pulmonar y una resección pulmonar, realizados bajo anestesia epidural manteniendo al paciente despierto en ventilación espontánea, como parte de un proyecto de evaluación preliminar para la aplicación de dicha técnica anestésica en este tipo de cirugía en nuestro centro (AU)

Video-assisted thoracic surgery is traditionally carried out with general anaesthesia and endotracheal intubation with double lumen tube. However, in the last few years procedures, such as lobectomies, are being performed with loco-regional anaesthesia, with and without sedation, maintaining the patient awake and with spontaneous breathing, in order to avoid the inherent risks of general anaesthesia, double lumen tube intubation and mechanical ventilation. This surgical approach has also shown to be effective in that it allows a good level of analgesia, maintaining a correct oxygenation and providing a better post-operative recovery. Two case reports are presented in which video-assisted thoracic surgery was used, a lung biopsy and a lung resection, both with epidural anaesthesia and maintaining the patient awake and with spontaneous ventilation, as part of a preliminary evaluation of the anaesthetic technique in this type of surgery (AU)

[Single-port video-assisted thoracic surgery in an awake patient]. / Cirugía torácica asistida por vídeo uniportal en paciente despierto.

Video-assisted thoracic surgery is traditionally carried out with general anaesthesia and endotracheal intubation with double lumen tube. However, in the last few years procedures, such as lobectomies, are being performed with loco-regional anaesthesia, with and without sedation, maintaining the patient awake and with spontaneous breathing, in order to avoid the inherent risks of general anaesthesia, double lumen tube intubation and mechanical ventilation. This surgical approach has also shown to be effective in that it allows a good level of analgesia, maintaining a correct oxygenation and providing a better post-operative recovery. Two case reports are presented in which video-assisted thoracic surgery was used, a lung biopsy and a lung resection, both with epidural anaesthesia and maintaining the patient awake and with spontaneous ventilation, as part of a preliminary evaluation of the anaesthetic technique in this type of surgery.

Timectomía toracoscópica con insuflación de dióxido de carbono / Thoracoscopic thymectomy with carbon dioxide insufflation in the mediastinum

Presentamos el caso de un varón de 71 años diagnosticado de timoma. Se interviene al paciente mediante timectomía con visión mediante toracoscopia e insuflación del mediastino con dióxido de carbono. Durante el procedimiento, en ventilación unipulmonar, el paciente sufre un deterioro respiratorio importante. Se observa el colapso del pulmón debido al paso del dióxido de carbono del mediastino al tórax contralateral por la apertura de la pleura. Se decide volver a la ventilación bipulmonar, con mejoría de la oxigenación en gasometría arterial, presiones en la vía respiratoria y estabilización de pCO2 y pH. Se pudo mantener el abordaje y la técnica con dióxido de carbono, puesto que no afectó al campo quirúrgico. Esta técnica presenta complicaciones importantes asociadas, y en caso de realizarse estaría indicado hacerlo en ventilación bipulmonar (AU)

The case is presented of a 71 year-old male, diagnosed with a thymoma. A thoracoscopic thymectomy was performed using the carbon dioxide insufflation technique in the mediastinum. During the procedure, while performing one-lung ventilation, the patient's respiration worsened. The contralateral lung had collapsed, as carbon dioxide was travelling from the mediastinum to the thorax through the opened pleura. Two-lung ventilation was decided upon, which clearly improved oxygenation in the arterial gases and airway pressures. Both pH and pCO2 stabilized. The surgical approach and the carbon dioxide technique were continued because 2-lung ventilation did not affect the surgical procedure. This technique has many serious complications and it should always be performed using 2-lung ventilation (AU)

[Thoracoscopic thymectomy with carbon dioxide insufflation in the mediastinum]. / Timectomía toracoscópica con insuflación de dióxido de carbono.

The case is presented of a 71 year-old male, diagnosed with a thymoma. A thoracoscopic thymectomy was performed using the carbon dioxide insufflation technique in the mediastinum. During the procedure, while performing one-lung ventilation, the patient's respiration worsened. The contralateral lung had collapsed, as carbon dioxide was travelling from the mediastinum to the thorax through the opened pleura. Two-lung ventilation was decided upon, which clearly improved oxygenation in the arterial gases and airway pressures. Both pH and pCO2 stabilized. The surgical approach and the carbon dioxide technique were continued because 2-lung ventilation did not affect the surgical procedure. This technique has many serious complications and it should always be performed using 2-lung ventilation.