[Dialysis-Control apparatus for optimization of hemodialysis procedure].

Dialysis-Control apparatus for noninvasive monitoring of hemodialysis parameters is described. The monitoring procedure is based on electrochemical measurement of the content of organic substances in salt-containing liquid. The Dialysis-Control apparatus provides timely assessment and correction of hemodialysis procedure and ensures adequacy of the delivered treatment, which leads to improvement of dialysis treatment quality.

[Monitoring urea content during hemodialysis]. / Monitoring mocheviny pri gemodialize.

The urea content monitoring during hemodialysis enables the feed-back within the system "patient--artificial kidney--patient". The existing methods of determining the concentration of urea in the dialyzing solution require an expendable reagent, i.e. urease, they are discrete and need often a calibration. The electrochemical urea analyzer, worked out by the authors, is easy in use, it provides a continues information about the urea concentration and does not virtually need any calibration. Besides, the plotter, belonging to the set, provides the graphic information about the dynamic changes of urea content.

[Electrochemical regeneration of the dialyzing solution]. / Elektrokhimicheskaia regeneratsiia dializiruiushchego rastvora.

The system with electrochemical regeneration (ER) of the dialyzing solution functions as effectively as a conventional hemodialysis system: ER eliminates creatinine and potassium ions, is inferior in eliminating urea and non-organic phosphorus but superior to hemodialysis in elimination of middle-size molecular toxins. ER enables continuous purification of dialyzing solution, electrolyzer is a constant element of the regeneration system, produced by electrolyzer sodium hypochlorite warrants the system self-sterilization. ER works without systems of water purification, water communications and dialyzer concentrate that is why the procedure of detoxication can be performed outside specially equipped laboratories.

[Electrochemical regeneration of dialysis solution in experimental and clinical conditions]. / Elektrokhimicheskaia regeneratsiia dializiruiushchego rastvora v éksperimente i klinike.

The authors have created a new system for electrochemical regeneration of dialysis solution and conducted 67 experiments using a model solution. Two groups of patients with terminal renal failure were treated. The regeneration system was applied in the treatment of Group 1 patients (n = 14), the traditional acetate hemodialysis procedure was used in Group 2 (n = 11). Hemodialysis with electrochemical regeneration of dialysis fluid removed creatinine and potassium ions from critically ill patients' blood as effectively as the traditional hemodialysis procedure. During electrochemical hemodialysis, middle-molecular toxins were removed better those with the traditional one, but urea and inorganic phosphorus were eliminated slowler. Electrochemical regeneration provided continuous purification of dialysis fluid. The regenerator block can be used many times. Sodium hypochlorite ensured self-sterilization of the system. The use of electrochemical regeneration does not require water purification, water communications and dialysis concentrate, which enables the detoxification procedure to be performed outside the specially equipped rooms.

[Hemodialysis with electrochemical regeneration of dialysis solution]. / Gemodializ s élektrokhimicheskoi regeneratsiei dializnogo rastvora.

The method of electrochemical regeneration of dialysis solution is virtually as effective as the traditional hemoperfusion system in removing creatinine and potassium ions from the body, but inferior to it as regards urea and inorganic phosphorus and superior in removal of medium-weight toxins. A more smooth reduction of urea level in the blood provides relatively stable hemodynamics in patients liable to hypotension. Electrochemical regeneration permits a continuous purification of dialysis solution, the regeneration block may be used many times, and sodium hypochlorite produced during electrolysis operation maintains the sterility of the system. Electrochemical regeneration does not require water purification systems, water communication, and dialysis concentrate, this permitting the performance of detoxication in rooms without special equipment.