[Pregnant women's use of tobacco and electronic cigarettes: A cross sectional survey]. / Usage du tabac et de la cigarette électronique chez la femme enceinte : une étude transversale.

OBJECTIVES: The article aims to describe tobacco and e-cigarette use among pregnant women: estimate the prevalence, identify the determinants and motivations of these behaviours. METHODS: Cross-sectional, multicentre, descriptive observational study using self-administered questionnaires for pregnant women who visited ELENA healthcare centers in May 2021. RESULTS: Of 223 patients, 38% were smokers before pregnancy and 16% continued to smoke during pregnancy. Nearly all the smokers (98%) declared that they had reduced or stopped their tobacco use, mostly without help. Young age, lack of professional activity, an unfavourable reaction to the announcement of the pregnancy, heavy smoking before the pregnancy and the presence of a smoker spouse were associated with smoking during pregnancy. Our study identified 10% of vapers before pregnancy and 7.2% during pregnancy. Of those who vaped during pregnancy, 81% were smokers before pregnancy. Most of them used a nicotine containing liquid and 38% of vapers combined smoking and e-cigarettes during pregnancy. There was no association between vaping during pregnancy and smoking cessation. A minority of women had received information about smoking during pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: The use of electronic cigarettes by pregnant women is a poorly-known reality in France, yet it concerns approximately 7% of the women in our sample. Prospective studies on larger numbers are needed to assess the prevalence of vaping among French pregnant women and its evolution during pregnancy.

Health students' knowledge of sexually transmitted infections and risky behaviors before participation to the health promotion program.

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to evaluate knowledge of health students (HS) enrolled in a health promotion program about sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and the frequency of risky behaviors. METHODS: HS answered two anonymous questionnaires, a mandatory one about knowledge of STIs and STI prevention and an optional one about behaviors. RESULTS: Two-hundred and sixteen HS answered the first questionnaire and 183 answered the second one. Eighty-three percent of HS had a good knowledge of HIV transmission, but half of them were aware of pre-exposure and post-exposure prophylaxes for HIV. The role of HPV infection in genital warts and anal cancer was respectively known by 33 (15.3%) and 10 (4.6%) HS. Thirty-six HS (19.7%) reported having unprotected sex in the previous 12 months. CONCLUSION: French HS had a poor knowledge of STIs and STI prevention, and risky behaviors. It is necessary to provide good training on STIs to HS.

[Relationship between vaping and smoking among 15-year-olds in high school. Results of a descriptive cross-sectional and monocentric observational study conducted in the metropolitan area of Saint-Étienne]. / Relations entre vapotage et tabagisme chez les adolescents en classe de seconde. Résultats d'une étude observationnelle descriptive transversale et monocentrique menée dans l'agglomération stéphanoise.

INTRODUCTION: The initiation of smoking among adolescents by vaping is a subject of controversy. This study focuses on the prevalence of electronic cigarette use among teenagers and its connection with the consumption of tobacco. METHODS: A cross-sectional and monocentric study was conducted in the spring of 2018 and included 1435 students (15-16years old) from the metropolitan area of Saint-Étienne in France. RESULTS: Nearly half of the adolescents experimented with e-cigarettes (50.30%) or tobacco (50.40%). Nearly a quarter are vapers (23.60%) or smokers (28.20%), with low daily use (3.65% for vaping and 9.40% for smoking). In regard to the link between smoking and vaping, 64.85% of adolescents are "non-smokers and non-vapers", 17.60% "smokers and vapers", 11.25% "smokers and non-vapers", and 6.30% "non-smokers and vapers". DISCUSSION: The portrait-types of the vaper and the smoker are similar: boy rather than girl, educated in private school rather than public, and enrolled in a vocational rather than a general educational course. On one hand, the use of electronic cigarettes in non-smoking adolescents does not appear to be a major mode of entry into smoking or nicotine addiction. On the other hand, the use of electronic cigarettes among adolescent's smokers seems to have a beneficial effect on their smoking habit (stopping or reducing the consumption of tobacco).