The Effect of Bisoprolol on Premature Ventricular Complex in Vietnamese Patients with Hypertension and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy.

BACKGROUND: Premature ventricular contraction (PVC) is a common arrhythmia that causes a large number of clinical symptoms, adversely impacts the quality of life, and can even initiate serious arrhythmias, such as ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation. The incidence of premature ventricular contraction is higher in hypertensive patients, particularly if concomitant left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is present. OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted on the characteristics of PVC in hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy and aimed to evaluate the effect of bisoprolol on PVC in Vietnamese patients with hypertension and LVH. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a study to determine how bisoprolol potency affected PVC management in the group with both high blood pressure and LVH. We selected a convenient sample of all patients who came to the Medical Examination Department at the Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital and met sampling criteria with hypertension, LVH on echocardiography, and PVC on 12-leads electrocardiogram. Over 2 years, we collected 76 patients who satisfied the above conditions. Out of which, 50 patients were indicated for management with bisoprolol, and 26 patients were excluded from the study, including 7 patients with asthma and 19 patients who had simple PVC on a 24-hour Holter ECG. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 22. RESULTS: Fifty patients participated in the study, of whom 70% were female. It is clear that palpitation was the most prevalent symptom (66%), and 38% of patients had complicated PVC (Lown III-V). When treating PVC with bisoprolol, 50% of patients achieved the treatment goal with a decrease in the number of PVCs of more than 70%, accompanied by symptom relief and eradication of dangerous PVCs. After 4 weeks of treatment, bisoprolol decreased the number of PVCs, heart rate, and blood pressure while also easing PVC-related symptoms (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Low-dose bisoprolol effectively reduces the number of PVCs in hypertensive patients with LVH.

Sonolytic debromination of ambroxol process wastewater.

In this study ultrasound was examined in terms of its effectiveness in treating wastewater containing ambroxol and process water from ambroxol synthesis. The organic bromine contents of the water samples investigated were in the 20-1200 mg l(-1) range. Ultrasound is capable to debrominate the ambroxol molecule rendering it biologically degradable. The debromination rate increases with the ultrasound intensity and the 0.4 order of the organic bromine concentration. Temperature and pH have only a small influence. Bromide ions reduce the debromination efficiency of the ultrasound. No removal of the organic carbon could be observed during ultrasonic treatment. The process water from ambroxol syntheses shows higher sonolytical debromination rates than the ambroxol model water. After extracting the process water with butyl acetate, the debromination reaction of the remaining organic bromine is considerably smaller. Argon increases the debromination under certain circumstances. The specific electric energy requirements for sonolysis vary between 7 and 920 kWh g(-1) of removed organic bromine.