The pioneers of Vietnam's epidemiological transition: an ethnographic study of pregnant women's experiences of gestational diabetes.

BACKGROUND: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an abnormal glucose metabolism diagnosed during pregnancy that can have serious adverse consequences for mother and child. GDM is an exceptional health condition, as its management serves not only as treatment but also as prevention, reducing the risk of future diabetes in mother and child. OBJECTIVES: This qualitative study aimed to explore how pregnant women experience and respond to GDM, focusing particularly on the role of the family environment in shaping women's experiences. METHODS: The research was carried out in Vietnam's Thái Bình province in April-May 2023. We conducted in-depth ethnographic interviews with 21 women with GDM, visiting them in their homes. Our theoretical starting point was phenomenological anthropology, and the data were analysed using a thematic analysis approach. RESULTS: At the centre of women's experiences was the contrast between GDM as a biomedical and a social condition. Whereas GDM was biomedically diagnosed and managed in the healthcare system, it was often deemed insignificant or non-existent by family members. This made GDM a biomedically present but socially absent health condition. This paradox posed challenges to women's GDM self-care, placing them in pioneering social positions. CONCLUSIONS: The biomedical presence yet social absence of GDM turned women into pioneers at biomedical, digital, epidemiological, and family frontiers. This article calls for appreciation of pregnant women's pioneering roles and for health systems action to involve women and families in the development of GDM policies and programmes at a time of sweeping global health changes.

Main findings: Vietnamese women's experiences of gestational diabetes were affected by social splits between clinic and home; between biomedical and family worlds.Added knowledge: Gestational diabetes places pregnant women in Northern Vietnam in pioneering roles on biomedical, digital, epidemiological, and family frontiers.Global health impact for policy and action: Pregnant women should be involved in the development of policies and programmes addressing gestational diabetes, with particular attention to the connections between clinical and family worlds.

Endovascular management of massive hemoptysis due to pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm in a COVID-19 patient in Vietnam: A case report.

Pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm with massive hemoptysis is extremely rare in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-induced pneumonia, especially in its late stage. We report a case who presented with massive hemoptysis and pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm without pulmonary thromboembolism in their ninth week of COVID-19 infection, which was treated by endovascular embolization. The endovascular intervention was technically and clinically successful, with complete hemoptysis cessation after the procedure. This is the first case reported in Vietnam.

Endovascular management of rectus abdominis hematoma: A report of two cases.

Nontraumatic spontaneous hematoma of the rectus abdominis is frequently related to anticoagulation therapy. In most cases, this condition is spontaneously self-limited or can be controlled with conservative therapy. Nevertheless, in some patients, despite early and adequate medical therapy, continuous development of the condition requires rapid and complete hemostasis. Currently, endovascular management by selective transarterial embolization of the bleeding vessel is the most common treatment option. We report 2 cases of endovascular management of rectus abdominis hematoma using a mixture of n-butylcyanoacrylate and lipiodol to embolize the bleeding point of the superior epigastric artery. Clinical symptoms improved without noticeable complications.

Optical Properties of Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Load and Release on Silica Nanoparticle Platform.

Silica nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs) synthesized by the Stober method were used as drug delivery vehicles. Doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX·HCl) is a chemo-drug absorbed onto the SiO2 NPs surfaces. The DOX·HCl loading onto and release from the SiO2 NPs was monitored via UV-VIS and fluorescence spectra. Alternatively, the zeta potential was also used to monitor and evaluate the DOX·HCl loading process. The results showed that nearly 98% of DOX·HCl was effectively loaded onto the SiO2 NPs' surfaces by electrostatic interaction. The pH-dependence of the process wherein DOX·HCl release out of DOX·HCl-SiO2 NPs was investigated as well. For comparison, both the free DOX·HCl molecules and DOX·HCl-SiO2 NPs were used as the labels for cultured cancer cells. Confocal laser scanning microscopy images showed that the DOX·HCl-SiO2 NPs were better delivered to cancer cells which are more acidic than healthy cells. We propose that engineered DOX·HCl-SiO2 systems are good candidates for drug delivery and clinical applications.

Initial Results of Management for Acute Ischemic Stroke due to Large Vessel Occlusion by a Direct Aspiration First Pass Technique at a Vietnamese Hospital.

BACKGROUND: The development of novel revascularization devices has improved procedural and clinical outcomes in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). A direct aspiration first pass technique (ADAPT) has been introduced as a rapid simple method for achieving good recanalization and clinical outcomes using large bore aspiration catheters in the treatment of AIS due to large vessel occlusion (LVO). OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of ADAPT in the treatment of AIS due to LVO in the Vietnamese patient population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of a hospital database was conducted on all patients undergoing stroke therapy with the ADAPT technique at the institution from January 2017 to December 2017. Efficacy and safety were evaluated by the variables: revascularization rates (thrombolysis in cerebral infarction [TICI] score), time to revascularization, procedural complications, and clinical outcomes (modified Rankin scale [mRS] score) at the 90-day follow-up visit. RESULTS: From the database review, 37 AIS patients treated with ADAPT were identified. The mean NIHSS score at presentation was 17.3 and improved to 8.9 at discharged. The average time arterial puncture to revascularization was 32.5 min. TICI 2b/3 revascularization was achieved in 30/37 (81.1%) patients, good clinical outcomes were achieved (mRS 0-2) in 21/37 (56.7%) patients, and mortality rate was 6/37 (16.2%) during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: ADAPT utilizing large bore aspiration catheters appears to be a fast, simple, safe, and effective method for the management of AIS in the Vietnamese patient population.

Continuous Preparation of Hollow Polymeric Nanocapsules Using Self-Assembly and a Photo-Crosslinking Process of an Amphiphilic Block Copolymer.

This paper presents a fabrication method of hollow polymeric nanocapsules (HPNCs). The HPNCs were examined to reduce light trapping in an organic light emitting diodes (OLED) device by increasing the refractive index contrast. They were continuously fabricated by the sequential process of self-assembly and photo-crosslinking of an amphiphilic block copolymer of SBR-b-PEGMA, poly(styrene-r-butadiene)-b-poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) in a flow-focusing microfluidic device. After the photo-crosslinking process, the produced HPNCs have a higher resistance to water and organic solvents, which is applicable to the fabrication process of optical devices. The morphology and hollow structure of the produced nanocapsules were determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Also, their size control was examined by varying the ratio of inlet flow rates and the morphological difference was studied by changing the polymer concentration. The size was measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS). The refractive index of the layer with and without the HPNCs was measured, and a lower refractive index was obtained in the HPNCs-dispersed layer. In future work, the light extraction efficiency of the HPNCs-dispersed OLED will be examined.

Refined Regularity of the Blow-Up Set Linked to Refined Asymptotic Behavior for the Semilinear Heat Equation.

We consider u ⁢ ( x , t ) , a solution of ∂ t ⁡ u = Δ â¢ u + | u | p - 1 ⁢ u which blows up at some time T > 0 , where u : ℝ N × [ 0 , T ) → ℝ , p > 1 and ( N - 2 ) ⁢ p < N + 2 . Define S ⊂ ℝ N to be the blow-up set of u, that is, the set of all blow-up points. Under suitable non-degeneracy conditions, we show that if S contains an ( N - ℓ ) -dimensional continuum for some ℓ ∈ { 1 , … , N - 1 } , then S is in fact a 𝒞 2 manifold. The crucial step is to make a refined study of the asymptotic behavior of u near blow-up. In order to make such a refined study, we have to abandon the explicit profile function as a first-order approximation and take a non-explicit function as a first-order description of the singular behavior. This way we escape logarithmic scales of the variable ( T - t ) and reach significant small terms in the polynomial order ( T - t ) µ for some µ > 0 . Knowing the refined asymptotic behavior yields geometric constraints of the blow-up set, leading to more regularity on S.

Comparision the effectiveness of CV8 with artesunate plus primaquine combination for on patients with uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria at Binh Thuan and Khanh Hoa, Viet Nam

224 patients with uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria were randomly devided into two groups receiving CV8 treatment (123 patients) and artesunate+primaquine (As+Pri) (101 patients). Results: The lately recurrence rate of CV8 treatment was 3.3% and of As+Pri was 17.8%, the difference had statistic significance (p<0.05). Mean time for fever clearance of CV8 was 22.5 hours, was the same as AS+Pri (21.8 hours). The inhibitory gametocidel effect on CV8 on P.falciparum has been seen and it help elimination of dissermination. The side effects such as nausea (13.8%), vomitting (4.9%) in CV8 treated groups were the same in AS+Pri groups. These effects were often self-limited. There were no hemoglobinuria case.