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1.
Rev. colomb. cardiol ; 29(2): 244-247, ene.-abr. 2022. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1376886

RESUMO

Resumen La fibrilación auricular es la arritmia más prevalente en la práctica clínica, y se asocia con una morbimortalidad significativa, la cual, en parte, se explica por el riesgo de fenómenos embólicos. En la actualidad, el uso de anticoagulantes es el estándar de manejo en aquellos pacientes con riesgo embólico significativo (dado por un puntaje ≥ 2 en la escala CHA2DS2Vasc). Sin embargo, algunos pacientes tienen contraindicaciones que impiden recibir este tipo de tratamiento a largo plazo, en cuyo caso se considera el cierre percutáneo de la orejuela como medida para la disminución del riesgo de embolia. Al requerir una punción transeptal, la presencia de dispositivos de cierre de defectos del septo interauricular dificulta el procedimiento de manera significativa. Se presenta el caso de una paciente con contraindicación absoluta para recibir anticoagulantes debido a sangrado gastrointestinal y antecedente de cierre percutáneo de comunicación interauricular sometida a cierre percutáneo de orejuela como alternativa terapéutica a la anticoagulación.


Abstract Atrial fibrillation is the most prevalent arrythmia in clinical practice, associated with a significant morbimortality explained, in part, by the high risk of embolic phenomena. The use of anticoagulation is the standard of care in those patients with increased embolic risk (given by a score ≥ 2 in the CHA2DS2Vasc scale). However, some patients have contraindications to receiving this treatment long-term, in which case percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion can be considered as a means of decreasing their embolic risk. Because the procedure requires transeptal puncture, the presence of devices for atrial septal defect closure can difficult the technique. We present the case of a patient with absolute contraindication to anticoagulation therapy given gastrointestinal bleeding, with history of percutaneous closure of interauricular communication, who was treated with percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion as an alternative to oral anticoagulants.

2.
Rev. colomb. cardiol ; 27(5): 362-367, sep.-oct. 2020. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1289243

RESUMO

Resumen Introducción: La falla cardíaca es un problema de salud pública, cuya prevalencia aumenta con la edad. Hasta el 50% de los casos tiene fracción de eyección preservada. Pocos estudios evalúan arritmias en este tipo de población. Se conoce una asociación con fibrilación auricular, pero se ignora qué otro tipo de arritmias pueden estar presentes. Objetivo: Describir arritmias por medio de monitorización Holter de 24 horas en pacientes con disfunción diastólica. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo, en el que se evaluaron y compararon los parámetros de la monitorización Holter de 24 horas en pacientes con disfunción diastólica, provenientes de un solo centro y residentes en Medellín, durante el año 2017. Resultados: 67 pacientes tenían disfunción diastólica; la mayoría correspondió a mujeres (65.7%). El promedio de edad fue 71 años, el índice de masa corporal fue de 26,8 y las comorbilidades más frecuentes fueron hipertensión arterial (68,7%), fibrilación auricular (19,4%) y enfermedad coronaria (19,4%). El promedio de fracción de eyección fue de 58%; el 67,2% tenía disfunción diastólica tipo I y el promedio del volumen de la aurícula izquierda fue de 33 ml/m2. Las arritmias más frecuentes fueron taquicardia atrial no sostenida (40,3%), fibrilación auricular (10,4%), taquicardia ventricular monomórfica (7,5%) y taquicardia por reentrada intranodal (1.5%). Se presentó bloqueo AV de primer grado (22,4%) y bloqueo sinoatrial (1,5%). El promedio de variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca fue 126.23. Conclusiones: En pacientes con disfunción diastólica tipo I y II se documentaron varios tipos de arritmias más allá de la fibrilación auricular. No hubo alteraciones en la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca y tampoco en el tiempo de QTc. Dada la existencia de trasfondo fisiopatológico común, se debe evaluar en estudios futuros la relación entre arritmias y disfunción diastólica, además de su potencial tratamiento y modificación de su curso clínico.


Abstract Introduction: Heart failure is a public health problem, with a prevalence that increases with age. Up to 50% of cases have a preserve ejection fraction. Few studies have evaluated arrhythmias in this population type. It is known that there is an association with atrial fibrillation, but other types of arrhythmias that could be present are ignored. Objective: To describe arrhythmias using 24 hour Holter monitoring in patients with diastolic dysfunction. Materials and methods: An observational, descriptive, and retrospective study was performed in which the parameters from 24 hour Holter monitoring were evaluated and compared in patients with diastolic dysfunction from a single centre and resident in Medellin, during the year 2017. Results: A total of 67 patients had diastolic dysfunction, in which the majority (65.7%) were women. The mean age was 71 years, with a mean body mass index of 26.8. The most frequent comorbidities were arterial hypertension (68.7%), atrial fibrillation (19.4%), and coronary disease (19.4%). The mean ejection fraction was 58%; 67.2% had a type I diastolic dysfunction, and the mean atrial volume was 33 ml/m2. The most common arrhythmias were discontinuous atrial flutter (40.3%), atrial fibrillation (10.4%), monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (7.5%) and nodal re-entrant tachycardia (1.5%). First degree AV block (22.4%) and sinoatrial block (1.5%) were observed. The mean heart rate variability was 126.23. Conclusions: Several types of arrhythmias other than atrial fibrillation were documented in patients with type I and type II diastolic dysfunction. There were no changes in the heart rate variability or in the QTc time. Given the existence of a common pathophysiological background, further studies are needed in order to evaluate the relationship between arrhythmias and diastolic dysfunction, as well as any potential treatment and modification of its clinical course.


Assuntos
Feminino , Idoso , Arritmias Cardíacas , Insuficiência Cardíaca Diastólica , Fibrilação Atrial , Taquicardia Ventricular , Frequência Cardíaca
3.
Dermatol Pract Concept ; 9(3): 181-186, 2019 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31384490

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: A new variant of endemic pemphigus foliaceus in El Bagre (El Bagre-EPF), Colombia, South America, shares features with Senear-Usher syndrome and occurs in an endemic fashion. Patients affected by El Bagre-EPF have heterogeneous antigenic reactivity not only to the skin but to other organs, including the heart. Here we test for autoantibodies to the areae compositae of the heart (structure consisting of typical desmosomal amalgamated fascia adherens molecules) and evaluate any possible clinical correlation. METHODS: A case-control study comparing 45 patients and 45 controls from the endemic area, matched by demographics including age, gender, weight, work activities, and comorbidities, was performed. Direct and indirect immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, confocal microscopic studies, and echocardiogram studies were completed. RESULTS: The main clinical abnormally seen in the El Bagre-EPF patients was left ventricular hypertrophy in 15/45 patients, compared with no such findings in the control population (P < 0.1). Seventy percent of El Bagre-EPF patients and none of the controls displayed polyclonal autoreactivity using different immunoglobulins and complement to the areae compositae of the heart using different methods and antibodies (P < 0.1). CONCLUSIONS: Patients affected by El Bagre-EPF demonstrated autoantibodies to the areae compositae of the heart. This finding was associated with left ventricular hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The areae compositae may play a role in cell junction tension and the El Bagre-EPF patients' autoantibodies possibly disrupting these junctions and thereby contributing to the left ventricular hypertrophy.

4.
Rev. colomb. cardiol ; 25(5): 340-340, sep.-oct. 2018. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1042772

RESUMO

Resumen La ruptura del músculo papilar anterolateral es una complicación del síndrome coronario agudo poco frecuente, en especial porque este músculo usualmente tiene doble irrigación sanguínea al comparar con el músculo papilar posteromedial que, por lo general, solo tiene una irrigación. Se presenta el caso de un paciente que consultó por signos y síntomas de falla cardiaca aguda precedidos de dolor de pecho, en quien se documentó insuficiencia mitral grave por ruptura del músculo papilar anterolateral debido a enfermedad coronaria isquémica de múltiples vasos.


Abstract The rupture of the anterior-lateral papillary muscle is an uncommon complication of acute coronary syndrome. This is particularly relevant as this has double blood irrigation compared to that of the posteromedial papillary muscle that generally only has single irrigation. The case is presented on a patient that consulted due to having signs and symptoms of acute heart failure preceded by chest pains. Severe mitral insufficiency was observed due to a rupture of the anterior-lateral papillary muscle caused by a multiple vessel ischaemic coronary disease.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Insuficiência da Valva Mitral , Infarto do Miocárdio , Cirurgia Geral , Ecocardiografia
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