Assessing personal exposure to PM using data from an integrated indoor-outdoor experiment in Athens-Greece.

An integrated indoor-outdoor 15-day PM sampling campaign in a general area close to the centre of Athens, targeted to examine personal exposure. All microenvironments (MEs) (second and fourth floor flats, cafes, cars, restaurants, underground metro, outdoor etc.) frequented by the residents were included in the study. The instrumentation used was both stationary (low volume samplers) and portable/wearable to be able to measure continuously PM10, PM2.5, PM1 and analyze chemically PM2.5 and PM1 samples. The study showed that the residences' air quality was determined by the type and intensity of outdoor sources and their vertical distance from the street. Indoor activities such as cooking, cleaning further increased PM levels and formulated the air quality, while particulate accumulation was evident. In general, PM2.5 concentrations were higher outdoors, 11-43 µg/m3, than in the second floor flat as well as on days within different MEs, 13-33 µg/m3 and 8-35 µg/m3, respectively and finally in the fourth floor 10-18 µg/m3. PM2.5 chemical composition was typical of a Mediterranean urban area predominantly composed on average of OC/EC (33%), sulfate (13%), ammonium (9%), nitrate (5%) and crustal material (Cl-, Na+, K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+) (5%). On days when other MEs were visited crustal material increased on average to 16%. The PM levels measured with the portable instrumentation at all mEs showed that the persons were exposed to higher PM10 concentrations in the subway (avg. 218 µg/m3) due to the resuspension of crustal material, while maximum PM2.5 and PM1 were experienced in cafes where smoking was allowed (avg. 126 and 108 µg/m3, respectively). Using the car resulted to the lowest PM10, PM2.5 and PM1 exposure (58, 10 and 6 µg/m3, respectively). Total exposure to particulates depended both on the time spent in each ME and on the mixture of MEs visited in 24 h.

Congenital epulis: an ultrastructural and immunohistochemical case study.

We report a case of an otherwise healthy, two days old, female with a a mass derived from the mandible. Light microscopy findings were compatible with the diagnosis of congenital epulis. The lesion showed negative staining for S-100 protein, which is a characteristic finding in cases of epulis and distinguishes it from granular cell tumor. The characteristic electron microscopy findings, as well as other features of epulis in relation to the theories for its possible origin are also reviewed

Three-dimensional DNA image cytometry by confocal scanning laser microscopy in thick tissue blocks of prostatic lesions.

DNA ploidy provides important information for the evaluation of the prognosis of prostate cancer. For the purpose of DNA cytometry and nuclear measurements, we developed an image processing system for the acquisition and processing of three-dimensional (3D) images based on confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM). The advantage of the CSLM is the preservation of the tissue architecture and the possibility of multilabeling. It is possible to determine both individual nuclear features and cellular features and the degree of the spatial heterogeneity of several markers. Special attention was paid to the development of the automatic method for the 3D segmentation of cell nuclei. Thick tissue slides (100 microm), stained for DNA with chromomycin A3, from 4 patients (with benign hyperplasia, prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN), and well-and poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma of the prostate), were studied in order to test the practicability of the developed methodology. DNA histograms showed a single peak in the diploid range for the hyperplasia and PIN cases. For the case of well-differentiated carcinoma, 2 peaks were observed, 1 in the diploid range and I in the tetraploid range. The case of poorly-differentiated carcinoma was characterized by an aneuploid distribution. For the cases of PIN and carcinomas, we observed a considerable variation of the volume of nuclei.

[Overdentures (a case report)]. / Epenthetes odontostoichies. Parousiase mias periptoses.

In this article, the advantages, disadvantages, indications, contraindications, and the details of overdenture treatment are outlined and a case is presented. We prepared an overdenture for a patient who came to the Clinic of Removable Prosthodontics of the University of Athens. The patient had a severe abrasion of his teeth as well as reduced vertical dimension (2.5 cm). The construction was made in such a way that we obtained a good esthetic results with no great expense, as the financial condition of the patient was the factor that influenced the plan of treatment basically.