Accurate prediction of hyaluronic acid concentration under temperature perturbations using near-infrared spectroscopy and deep learning.

Accurate prediction of the concentration of a large number of hyaluronic acid (HA) samples under temperature perturbations can facilitate the rapid determination of HA's appropriate applications. Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy analysis combined with deep learning presents an effective solution to this challenge, with current research in this area being scarce. Initially, we introduced a novel feature fusion method based on an intersection strategy and used two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2DCOS) and Aquaphotomics to interpret the interaction information in HA solutions reflected by the fused features. Subsequently, we created an innovative, multi-strategy improved Walrus Optimization Algorithm (MIWaOA) for parameter optimization of the deep extreme learning machine (DELM). The final constructed MIWaOA-DELM model demonstrated superior performance compared to partial least squares (PLS), extreme learning machine (ELM), DELM, and WaOA-DELM models. The results of this study can provide a reference for the quantitative analysis of biomacromolecules in complex systems.

Effect of novel anti-tumor and anti-angiogenesis drug taurolactone on angiogenic factor AGGF1 and angiogenesis mimicry in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: Our study was to investigate the impact of taurolactone, a novel anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic drug, on AGGF1, an angiogenic factor, and angiogenesis mimicry in patients diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: A total of 120 HCC patients were enrolled from the Department of Oncology and Hepatobiliary Surgery at our hospital between May 2021 and December 2022. HCC diagnoses were confirmed through imaging or tissue biopsy for all patients. The age of patients ranged from 37 to 72 years, with an average age of 64.29 ± 4.58 years. These participants were divided equally into two groups: the control group and the observation group, each consisting of 60 individuals. While the control group received standard drug treatment, the observation group was administered taurolactone treatment. Before being included in the study, all participants or their legal representatives provided signed informed consent. Patient demographic information was collected through a questionnaire survey. ELISA was used to measure the levels of VEGF and AGGF1 in patients following treatment. Western blot was applied to assess the protein expression of PDGF, Angiopoietin, and AGGF1. MRI imaging technology was utilized to assess the perfusion characteristics of tumor blood vessels in patients. Tumor vessel density was compared between patients using ultrasonography. We also conducted a comparison between the two groups in terms of progression-free survival and overall survival. RESULTS: General patient information between the two groups showed no significant differences (P > 0.05). Of note, the observation group exhibited greatly lower levels of VEGF and AGGF1 compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the levels of PDGF, Angiopoietin, and AGGF1 protein expression were significantly reduced in the observation group compared to the control group (P < 0.05). In terms of tumor perfusion, the observation group displayed lower average and maximum perfusion volumes in tumor blood vessels compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Additionally, the observation group demonstrated delayed peak times and arrival times of tumor blood vessels in comparison to the control group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the density of tumor blood vessels was notably lower in the observation group compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Patients in the observation group had longer progression-free survival and overall survival than the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: In HCC patients, our study highlighted the potential efficacy of taurolactone treatment as it effectively inhibited angiogenic factors and angiogenesis mimicry, ultimately leading to an improved prognosis for these patients.

Appling fluorescence spectroscopy with absolute principal component coefficient to explore dynamic migration of DOM fractions from an urbanized river during torrential rainfall.

This research delves into the dynamic interplay between urbanization and the characteristics of Dissolved Organic Matter (DOM) in the Anyang River, particularly under the stress of torrential rain. The motivation stems from a critical need to decipher how urban landscapes influence water quality, focusing on the intricate transformations and movements of DOM. Employing advanced fluorescence spectroscopy techniques like Excitation-Emission Matrices (EEM) and Parallel Factor Analysis (PARAFAC), the study meticulously differentiates DOM compositions in urban and agricultural settings. It unveils a pronounced distinction, with urban streams showing elevated proteinaceous DOM from wastewater, contrasting with the humic substances prevalent in agricultural runoff. The analysis also captures how intense rainfall events catalyze significant shifts in DOM profiles, thereby emphasizing the need for tailored water quality management strategies in urbanized catchments. This comprehensive approach not only bridges gaps in understanding the urban impact on riverine ecosystems but also sets a foundation for future research and policy development in the face of escalating environmental changes.

Health information needs and feedback of users in the online TCM community.

To improve the information service quality of the online Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) community, this study investigated users' information needs, feedback and the relationship between them. Using qualitative content analysis, the basic characteristics of users' needs were obtained. Logistic regression was used to explore the impact of different need characteristics of feedback. The main findings are as follows: 1) Disease consultation, health preservation, professional discussion, knowledge sharing and experience description are the major 5 types of information needs in the online TCM community; 2) Some users provided TCM-related information, such as the tongue image and the TCM four diagnosis; 3) A total of 78.8% of the posts received effective feedback, and the main types of feedback were answering, discussing, inquiring and emotional supporting; 4) Providing enough information can significantly and positively affect whether needs receive effective feedback, suggesting that users can present information about their condition in as many different formats as possible when articulating their needs.

Rizatriptan benzoate-loaded dissolving microneedle patch for management of acute migraine therapy.

In this study, dissolving microneedles (MNs) using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and poly (1-vinylpyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate) (P(VP-co-VA)) as matrix materials were developed for transdermal delivery of rizatriptan benzoate (RB) for acute migraine treatment. In-vitro permeation studies were conducted to assess the feasibility of the as-fabricated dissolving MNs to release RB. Drug skin penetration were tested by Franz diffusion cells, showing an increase of the transdermal flux compared to passive diffusion due to the as-fabricated dissolving MNs having a sufficient mechanical strength to penetrate the skin and form microchannels. The pharmacological study in vivo showed that RB-loaded dissolving MNs significantly alleviated migraine-related response by up-regulating the level of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and down-regulating the levels of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and substance P (SP). In conclusion, the RB-loaded dissolving MNs have advantages of safety, convenience, and high efficacy over conventional administrations, laying a foundation for the transdermal drug delivery system treatment for acute migraine.

Evaluation of the Pollination Efficiency of Apple Trees by Osmia excavata Alfken (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae).

The mason bee Osmia excavata Alfken is an apple pollinating insect widely distributed in northern China, in order to effectively utilize the mason bee and improve the pollination rate of apples, there is a need to evaluate the pollination efficiency of the bees. This study evaluated the pollination efficiency of the mason bee on apple orchards in Jinan and Yantai, Shandong Province, China. The study compared natural pollination areas and pollination areas with different release densities of O. excavata in terms of the effects of bee density, timing of pollination, and distance effects on fruit set rate, fruit shape index, fruit shape skewness, fruit soluble solids content, and fruit firmness. The optimal release density of bees was 6000 cocoons per hectare, resulting in the highest fruit setting rate of apple lateral flowers. From 07:00 to 14:00 was the best time for bee pollination. The optimal distance of hives from apple trees for pollination by O. excavata was 60 m. Single fruit weight was significantly higher and fruit unsymmetrical rate, partial slope and hardness were all significantly lower at the release densities of 6000 or 12000 cocoons per hectare compared with 3000 cocoons per hectare or under natural pollination conditions. There was no significant difference in the content of soluble solids under different release densities. Thus, the radius of 60 m from the hive was the effective pollination range and 6000 cocoons per hectare of mason bees could ensure the fruit quality of apple.

Multidimensional IRT for forced choice tests: A literature review.

The Multidimensional Forced Choice (MFC) test is frequently utilized in non-cognitive evaluations because of its effectiveness in reducing response bias commonly associated with the conventional Likert scale. Nonetheless, it is critical to recognize that the MFC test generates ipsative data, a type of measurement that has been criticized due to its limited applicability for comparing individuals. Multidimensional item response theory (MIRT) models have recently sparked renewed interest among academics and professionals. This is largely due to the development of several models that make it easier to collect normative data from forced-choice tests. The paper introduces a modeling framework made up of three key components: response format, measurement model, and decision theory. Under this paradigm, four IRT models were chosen as examples. Following that, a comprehensive study is carried out to compare and characterize the parameter estimation techniques used in MFC-IRT models. This work then examines empirical research on the concept by analyzing three distinct domains: parameter invariance testing, computerized adaptive testing (CAT), and validity investigation. Finally, it is recommended that future research initiatives follow four distinct paths: modeling, parameter invariance testing, forced-choice CAT, and validity studies.

Advanced PEG-tyramine biomaterial ink for precision engineering of perfusable and flexible small-diameter vascular constructs via coaxial printing.

Vascularization is crucial for providing nutrients and oxygen to cells while removing waste. Despite advances in 3D-bioprinting, the fabrication of structures with void spaces and channels remains challenging. This study presents a novel approach to create robust yet flexible and permeable small (600-1300 µm) artificial vessels in a single processing step using 3D coaxial extrusion printing of a biomaterial ink, based on tyramine-modified polyethylene glycol (PEG-Tyr). We combined the gelatin biocompatibility/activity, robustness of PEG-Tyr and alginate with the shear-thinning properties of methylcellulose (MC) in a new biomaterial ink for the fabrication of bioinspired vessels. Chemical characterization using NMR and FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the successful modification of PEG with Tyr and rheological characterization indicated that the addition of PEG-Tyr decreased the viscosity of the ink. Enzyme-mediated crosslinking of PEG-Tyr allowed the formation of covalent crosslinks within the hydrogel chains, ensuring its stability. PEG-Tyr units improved the mechanical properties of the material, resulting in stretchable and elastic constructs without compromising cell viability and adhesion. The printed vessel structures displayed uniform wall thickness, shape retention, improved elasticity, permeability, and colonization by endothelial-derived - EA.hy926 cells. The chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and in vivo assays demonstrated the hydrogel's ability to support neoangiogenesis. The hydrogel material with PEG-Tyr modification holds promise for vascular tissue engineering applications, providing a flexible, biocompatible, and functional platform for the fabrication of vascular structures.

CircTLK1: A novel regulator involved in VSMC phenotypic switching and the developmental process of atherosclerosis.

Phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is essential for atherosclerosis development. Circular RNA (circRNA) is a specific non-coding RNA that is produced as a closed-loop structure in mammals, and its specific expression pattern is closely related to its cell type and tissue. To clarify the roles of circTLK1 in VSMC phenotypic switching, we performed qRT-PCR, immunoblotting, and immunostaining. qRT-PCR revealed that circTLK1 was upregulated in both mouse models of atherosclerosis in vivo and PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor)-BB-induced VSMCs in vitro. Furthermore, the overexpression of circTLK1 promoted PDGF-BB-induced VSMC phenotypic switching. Conversely, experiments performed in vivo demonstrate that the knockdown of SMC-specific circTLK1 led to a reduction in the development of atherosclerosis. The relationship between circTLK1 and miR-513a-3p and Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) was detected by RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), luciferase reporter assay, RNA pull-down, and RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (RNA FISH). Mechanistically, circTLK1 acted as a sponge for miR-513a-3p, leading to the upregulation of KLF4, a key transcription factor for phenotypic switching. Targeting the circTLK1/miR-513a-3p/KLF4 axis may provide a potential therapeutic strategy for atherosclerosis.

Recent Advances of Chitosan-Based Hydrogels for Skin-Wound Dressings.

The management of wound healing represents a significant clinical challenge due to the complicated processes involved. Chitosan has remarkable properties that effectively prevent certain microorganisms from entering the body and positively influence both red blood cell aggregation and platelet adhesion and aggregation in the bloodstream, resulting in a favorable hemostatic outcome. In recent years, chitosan-based hydrogels have been widely used as wound dressings due to their biodegradability, biocompatibility, safety, non-toxicity, bioadhesiveness, and soft texture resembling the extracellular matrix. This article first summarizes an overview of the main chemical modifications of chitosan for wound dressings and then reviews the desired properties of chitosan-based hydrogel dressings. The applications of chitosan-based hydrogels in wound healing, including burn wounds, surgical wounds, infected wounds, and diabetic wounds are then discussed. Finally, future prospects for chitosan-based hydrogels as wound dressings are discussed. It is anticipated that this review will form a basis for the development of a range of chitosan-based hydrogel dressings for clinical treatment.

In situ rapid evaluation method of quality of peach kernels based on near infrared spectroscopy.

This study aimed to perform a rapid in situ assessment of the quality of peach kernels using near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, which included identifications of authenticity, species, and origins, and amygdalin quantitation. The in situ samples without any pretreatment were scanned by a portable MicroNIR spectrometer, while their powder samples were scanned by a benchtop Fourier transform NIR (FT-NIR) spectrometer. To improve the performance of the in situ determination model of the portable NIR spectrometer, the two spectrometers were first compared in identification and content models of peach kernels for both in situ and powder samples. Then, the in situ sample spectra were transferred by using the improved principal component analysis (IPCA) method to enhance the performance of the in situ model. After model transfer, the prediction performance of the in situ sample model was significantly improved, as shown by the correlation coefficient in the prediction set (Rp), root means square error of prediction (RMSEP), and residual prediction deviation (RPD) of the in situ model reached 0.9533, 0.0911, and 3.23, respectively, and correlation coefficient in the test set (Rt) and root means square error of test (RMSET) reached 0.9701 and 0.1619, respectively, suggesting that model transfer could be a viable solution to improve the model performance of portable spectrometers.

Implementation of near-infrared spectroscopy and convolutional neural networks for predicting particle size distribution in fluidized bed granulation.

Monitoring the particle size distribution (PSD) is crucial for controlling product quality during fluidized bed granulation. This paper proposed a rapid analytical method that quantifies the D10, D50, and D90 values using a Convolutional Block Attention Module-Convolutional Neural Network (CBAM-CNN) framework tailored for deep learning with near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. This innovative framework, which fuses CBAM with CNN, excels at extracting intricate features while prioritizing crucial ones, thereby facilitating the creation of a robust multi-output regression model. To expand the training dataset, we incorporated the C-Mixup algorithm, ensuring that the deep learning model was trained comprehensively. Additionally, the Bayesian optimization algorithm was introduced to optimize the hyperparameters, improving the prediction performance of the deep learning model. Compared with the commonly used Partial Least Squares (PLS), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models, the CBAM-CNN model yielded higher prediction accuracy. Furthermore, the CBAM-CNN model avoided spectral preprocessing, preserved the spectral information to the maximum extent, and returned multiple predicted values at one time without degrading the prediction accuracy. Therefore, the CBAM-CNN model showed better prediction performance and modeling convenience for analyzing PSD values in fluidized bed granulation.

High-solution emission characters and health risks of volatile organic compounds for sprayers in automobile repair industries.

The increasing automobile repair industries (ARIs) with spray facilities have become an important volatile organic compound (VOC) pollution source in China. However, the VOC health risk assessment for long-term exposure in ARIs has not been well characterized. In this study, though sampled VOCs from 51 typical ARIs in Beijing, the relationship between emission patterns, average daily exposure concentrations (EC), and health risks was comprehensively analyzed with the health assessment method. Results showed that concentrations of 117 VOCs from the samples ranged from 68.53 to 19863.32 µg·m-3, while the ARI operator's daily VOC inhalation EC was 11.24-1460.70 µg·m-3. The organic VOC (OVOC) concentration accounted for 73.16 ~ 94.52% in the solvent-based paint workshops, while aromatics were the main VOC component in water-based paint spraying (WPS) workshops, accounting for 70.08%, respectively. And the method of inhalation exposure health risk assessment was firstly used to evaluate carcinogenicity and non-carcinogenicity risk for sprayers in ARIs. The cumulative lifetime carcinogenic risk (LCR) for 24 sampled VOCs were within acceptable ranges, while the mean hazard index (HI) for 1 year with 44 sampled VOCs was over 1. Among them, ethyl alcohol had a high carcinogenic risk in both mixed water-based paint (MP) and solvent-based paint workshops. The mean HI associated with aromatics were 2.88E - 3 and 4.30E - 3 for 1 h in MP and WPS workshops. O-ethyl toluene and acetone are VOC components that need to be paid attention to in future paint raw materials and spraying operations. Our study will provide the important references for the standard of VOC occupational exposure health limits in ARIs.

The HSP90-MYC-CDK9 network drives therapeutic resistance in mantle cell lymphoma.

Brexucabtagene autoleucel CAR-T therapy is highly efficacious in overcoming resistance to Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKi) in mantle cell lymphoma. However, many patients relapse post CAR-T therapy with dismal outcomes. To dissect the underlying mechanisms of sequential resistance to BTKi and CAR-T therapy, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing analysis for 66 samples from 25 patients treated with BTKi and/or CAR-T therapy and conducted in-depth bioinformatics™ analysis. Our analysis revealed that MYC activity progressively increased with sequential resistance. HSP90AB1 (Heat shock protein 90 alpha family class B member 1), a MYC target, was identified as early driver of CAR-T resistance. CDK9 (Cyclin-dependent kinase 9), another MYC target, was significantly upregulated in Dual-R samples. Both HSP90AB1 and CDK9 expression were correlated with MYC activity levels. Pharmaceutical co-targeting of HSP90 and CDK9 synergistically diminished MYC activity, leading to potent anti-MCL activity. Collectively, our study revealed that HSP90-MYC-CDK9 network is the primary driving force of therapeutic resistance.

Identification and determination of different processed products and their extracts of Crataegi Fructus by infrared spectroscopy combined with two-dimensional correlation analysis.

The fruit of Crataegus sp. is known as "Shanzha (SZ)" in China and is widely used in the food, beverage, and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) industries. SZ usually requires thermal processing to reduce the irritation of its acidity to the gastric mucosa. Different processed products of SZ resulting from thermal processing have different or even opposite functions in clinical applications. In addition, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) intermediates produced during thermal processing are carcinogenic to humans. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore a rapid and accurate method by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) for the identification of different processed products and the determination of 5-HMF in extracts. In qualitative identification, a three-stage infrared spectroscopy identification method (raw spectra, the second derivative spectra, and two-dimensional correlation (2DCOS) spectra) was developed to distinguish different processed products of SZ step by step. In quantitative determination, partial least squares regression combined with different variable selection methods, especially the 2DCOS method, was applied to determine the 5-HMF content. The results show that temperature-induced 2DCOS synchronous spectra can effectively identify different processed products of SZ by shape, intensity, and position of auto-peaks or cross-peaks, and the variables selected by power spectra from concentration-induced 2DCOS synchronous spectra have better prediction ability for 5-HMF compared to full variables. The above results demonstrate that 2D-COS analysis is a potential tool in qualitative and quantitative analysis, which can improve sample identification accuracy and determination capabilities. This study not only establishes a rapid and accurate method for the identification of different processed products but also provides a practical reference for food safety and the efficient use of TCM.

Gas Therapy: Generating, Delivery, and Biomedical Applications.

Oxygen (O2 ), nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen sulfide (H2 S), and hydrogen (H2 ) with direct effects, and carbon dioxide (CO2 ) with complementary effects on the condition of various diseases are known as therapeutic gases. The targeted delivery and in situ generation of these therapeutic gases with controllable release at the site of disease has attracted attention to avoid the risk of gas poisoning and improve their performance in treating various diseases such as cancer therapy, cardiovascular therapy, bone tissue engineering, and wound healing. Stimuli-responsive gas-generating sources and delivery systems based on biomaterials that enable on-demand and controllable release are promising approaches for precise gas therapy. This work highlights current advances in the design and development of new approaches and systems to generate and deliver therapeutic gases at the site of disease with on-demand release behavior. The performance of the delivered gases in various biomedical applications is then discussed.

Facile preparation of self-healing hydrogels based on chitosan and PVA with the incorporation of curcumin-loaded micelles for wound dressings.

The increased demand for improved strategies for wound healing has, in recent years, motivated the development of multifunctional hydrogels with favorable bio-compatibility and antibacterial properties. To this regard, the current study presented the design of a novel self-healing composite hydrogel that could perform as wound dressing for the promotion of wound healing. The composite hydrogels were composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), borax and chitosan functionalized with sialic acid (SA-CS) and curcumin loaded pluronic F127 micelles. The hydrogels were formed through the boronic ester bond formation between PVA, SA-CS and borax under physiological conditions and demonstrated adjustable mechanical properties, gelation kinetics and antibacterial properties. When incubating with NIH3T3 cells, the hydrogels also demonstrated good biocompatibility. These aspects offer a promising foundation for their prospective applications in developing clinical materials for wound healing.

Core-shell structured microneedles with programmed drug release functions for prolonged hyperuricemia management.

An appropriate non-oral platform via transdermal delivery of drugs is highly recommended for the treatment of hyperuricemia. Herein, a core-shell structured microneedle patch with programmed drug release functions was designed to regulate serum uric acid (SUA) levels for prolonged hyperuricemia management. The patch was fabricated using a three-step casting method. Allopurinol (AP), an anti-hyperuricemic drug, was encapsulated within the carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) layer, forming the "shell" of the MNs. The MN's inner core was composed of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) loaded with urate oxidase-calcium peroxide nanoparticles (UOx-CaO2 NPs). When the as-fabricated core-shell structured microneedles were inserted into the skin, the loaded AP was first released immediately to effectively inhibit the production of SUA due to the water solubility of CMC. Subsequently, the internal SUA was further metabolized by UOx, leading to exposure of CaO2 NPs. The sustained release of UOx accompanied by the decomposition of CaO2 NPs contributed to maintaining a state of normal uric acid levels over an extended period. More attractively, uric acid could be oxidized due to the strong oxidant of CaO2, which was beneficial to the continuous consumption of uric acid. In vivo results showed that the as-fabricated MNs exhibited an excellent anti-hyperuricemia effect to reduce SUA levels to the normal state within 3 h and maintain the normouricemia state for 12 h. In addition, the levels of creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in the serum remained within the normal range, and the activities of adenosine deaminase (ADA) and xanthine oxidase (XOD) in the liver were effectively inhabited, mitigating the risk of liver and kidney damage for clinical anti-hyperuricemia management.

Development of an in-line Raman analytical method for commercial-scale CHO cell culture process monitoring: Influence of measurement channels and batch number on model performance.

The mammalian cell culture process is a key step in commercial therapeutic protein production and needs to be monitored and controlled due to its complexity. Raman spectroscopy has been reported for cell culture process monitoring by analysis of many important parameters. However, studies on in-line Raman monitoring of the cell culture process were mainly conducted on small or pilot scale. Developing in-line Raman analytical methods for commercial-scale cell culture process monitoring is more challenging. In this study, an in-line Raman analytical method was developed for monitoring glucose, lactate, and viable cell density (VCD) in the Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell culture process during commercial production of biosimilar adalimumab (1500 L). The influence of different Raman measurement channels was considered to determine whether to merge data from different channels for model development. Raman calibration models were developed and optimized, with minimum root mean square error of prediction of 0.22 g L-1 for glucose in the range of 1.66-3.53 g L-1 , 0.08 g L-1 for lactate in the range of 0.15-1.19 g L-1 , 0.31 E6 cells mL-1 for VCD in the range of 0.96-5.68 E6 cells mL-1 on test sets. The developed analytical method can be used for cell culture process monitoring during manufacturing and meets the analytical purpose of this study. Further, the influence of the number of batches used for model calibration on model performance was also studied to determine how many batches are needed basically for method development. The proposed Raman analytical method development strategy and considerations will be useful for monitoring of similar bioprocesses.

Red blood cell membrane-coated functionalized Cu-doped metal organic framework nanoformulations as a biomimetic platform for improved chemo-/chemodynamic/photothermal synergistic therapy.

Nanoformulations for combining chemotherapy, chemodynamic therapy, and photothermal therapy have enormous potential in tumor treatment. Coating nanoformulations with cell membranes endows them with homologous cellular mimicry, enabling nanoformulations to acquire new functions and properties, including homologous targeting and long circulation in vivo, and can enhance internalization by homologous cancer cells. Herein, we fused multifunctional biomimetic nanoformulations based on Cu-doped zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8). Hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT), a clinical anti-tumor drug, was encapsulated into ZIF-8, which was subsequently coated with polydopamine (PDA) and red blood cell membrane. The as-fabricated biomimetic nanoformulations showed an enhanced cell uptake in vitro and the potential to prolong blood circulation in vivo, producing effective synergistic chemotherapy, chemodynamic therapy, and photothermal therapy under the 808 nm laser irradiation. Together, the biomimetic nanoformulations showed a prolonged blood circulation and evasion of immune recognition in vivo to provide a bio-inspired strategy which may have the potential for the multi-synergistic therapy of breast cancer.