RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Studies indicate that antiretroviral postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) after sexual exposure to HIV reduce the risk of infection considerably. Since 1998 PEP after sexual HIV exposure within the preceding 24 hours, has been available in Denmark. PEP can only be prescribed at clinical centers with specialists experienced in HIV treatment. The objective of this study is to describe the use of PEP after sexual exposure from 1998 to 2006. METHODS: The Danish PEP registry collects data from all cases of PEP use in Denmark after exposure to HIV through a structured questionnaire. RESULTS: There were 374 cases of PEP use after sexual exposure. The incidence increased from 5 cases in 1997 to 87 in 2006. PEP was used by heterosexuals (40%) as well as men who have sex with men (57%). The HIV-status of the source was unknown in 41% of the cases of which 90% involved a source belonging to a high risk group, and 63% involved exposure by receptive anal intercourse. PEP was administered within 24 hours in 95% of the cases and the median time to initiation (N = 225) was 11.0 hours (range 0.5-60.0). PEP was completed by 65%. CONCLUSIONS: This nationwide study showed a steady but moderate increase in the use of PEP after sexual HIV-exposure from 1998 to 2006. Time to initiation of PEP was low and the PEP prescription practice was targeted toward high risk exposures.
Assuntos
Fármacos Anti-HIV , Fidelidade a Diretrizes , Infecções por HIV/prevenção & controle , Padrões de Prática Médica , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Fármacos Anti-HIV/administração & dosagem , Fármacos Anti-HIV/efeitos adversos , Dinamarca , Quimioterapia Combinada , Uso de Medicamentos , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Adesão à Medicação , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estupro , Comportamento SexualAssuntos
Infecções por HIV/transmissão , Soropositividade para HIV/transmissão , Comportamento Sexual , Controle de Doenças Transmissíveis/legislação & jurisprudência , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Soropositividade para HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Heterossexualidade , Humanos , Fatores de Risco , Carga ViralRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Vertical transmission of HIV can be reduced if the pregnant woman and new born child receive antiretroviral treatment. Delivery by caesarean section and avoidance of breast feeding further reduce vertical transmission. The aim of this study was to describe the treatment of HIV-positive pregnant women in Denmark and the risk of vertical transmission. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We retrospectively describe the risk of vertical transmission of HIV among HIV-positive women giving birth in Denmark during the period, mid-1994 to February 2000. RESULTS: Fifty children were born. One mother gave birth twice during the study period, and one had twins. Five (10%) children were infected. All five were born by vaginal delivery. Three of the five mothers and three of the children did not receive antiretroviral treatment. The remaining two mothers were only given intrapartum treatment. In none of the five mothers was the HIV-infection known until the time of delivery or later. Transmission of HIV did not occur in the 34 mother-child pairs who received antepartum and intrapartum antiretroviral treatment, who had a caesarean delivery, who did not breast-feed, and whose children were given postpartum antiretroviral treatment. DISCUSSION: It is important to identify HIV-infection in pregnant women in order to provide the relevant treatment and prevent vertical transmission of HIV.
