[EXPERIENCE OF USING IMMUNE CHROMATOGRAPHY TEST FOR DIAGNOSTICS OF PNEUMOCOCCAL PNEUMONIA].

AIM: Justification of the use of immune chromatographic analysis for diagnostic of pneumococcal pneumonia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sensitivity and specificity of an immune chromatographic method (Binax Now test system) was studied for verification of pneumococcal pneumonia. Approbation of this method for etiologic deciphering of pneumonia in 260 patients hospitalized in infectious hospital was carried out. RESULTS: A high sensitivity (84.8%) and specificity (90.5%) of the chromatography test was established. Streptococcus pneumoniae antigen in urine of patients with community acquired pneumonia was determined 3.6 times more frequently when immune chromatographic test was used compared with bacteriological study of nasopharyngeal swab and 1.8 times more frequently compared with sputum bacteriological study. CONCLUSION: Application of immune chromatographic express test Binax Now could be recommended for timely verification of pneumococcal pneumonia along with bacteriological methods of study.

[Reactogenicity, safety, immunogenicity and prophylactic effectiveness of polysaccharide pneumococcus vaccine during immunization of HIV-infected patients].

AIM: Study safety, reactogenicity, immunogenicity and prophylactic effectiveness of polysaccharide pneumococcus vaccines during immunization of adult HIV-infected patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 200 HIV-infected patients at stages 3 to 4A of the disease aged 20 to 50 years with the quantity of CD4+ T-lymphocytes in blood of no less than 500 microl(-1) took part in the study. 100 individuals immunized with polysaccharide 23-valent pneumococcus vaccine (Pneumo 23, Sanofi Pasteur, France) constituted the observation group. 100 individuals not immunized against pneumococcus infection constituted the comparison group. The groups were standardized by sex, age and disease stage. Vaccine reactogenicity was evaluated by detection of general and local postvaccination reactions, degree of their intensity and duration. Vaccine safety was evaluated based on comparative evaluation of results of general clinical and biochemical studies of blood, general urine analysis, determination of IgE in blood sera, CD4+ T-lymphocytes level, quantity of HIV RNA (viral load) before vaccination and 28 days after the immunization. Vaccine immunogenicity was evaluated by determination in blood sera of IgG against a mixture of Streptococcus pneumoniae polysaccharides comprising Pneumo 23. Prophylaxis effectiveness of the preparation was evaluated by juxtaposition of acute respiratory illness morbidity in observation and control groups. RESULTS: During immunization of HIV-infected patients against pneumococcus infection postvaccination complications, severe local and general postvaccination reactions were not detected, laboratory studies carried out before and after the immunization gave evidence on the lack of progression of the main disease and activization of the infectious process. After the immunization the geometric mean antibody titer against S. pneumoniae increased by 2 times and reached protective level. Index of prophylactic effectiveness of Pneumo 23 vaccines during immunization of HIV-positive patients was 5.6, and relative risk of the disease in the immunized group--0.07, in the control group--0.42. CONCLUSION: The data provided give evidence on the high prophylactic effect of vaccination of immune compromised HIV-positive patients with a lack of deterioration of the main disease course.

[Use of indirect micromodification of immunoenzyme technique for serologic detection of Ixodes tick-borne borreliosis (comparative analysis)]. / Primenenie nepriamoi mikromodifikatsii immunofermentnoi reaktsii dlia serologicheskogo podtverzhdeniia iksodovykh kleshchevykh borreliozov (sravnitel'nyi analiz).

Three hundred and seventy one sera sampled in different period since the onset of the disease from 214 patients with Ixodes tick-borne borreliosdes (ITBB) caused by Borrelia afzelii and B. garinii in the Perm Region (Russia) and 299 sera from 222 patients with other diseases were simultaneously tested for IgM and IgG antibodies by using immunofluorescence assay (IFA) with standard antigen from strain Ip-21 B. afzelli by indirect micromodification of enzyme immunoassay (IMELISA) on slides and routine enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) with standard commercial test systems (Medipan Diagnostica GmbH, Germany). It is concluded that IMELISA is a technically easy and accessible test, which is close to IFA in its specificity and sensitivity, and can be widely used for serological verification of ITBB.

[The indirect immunofluorescence reaction in the laboratory diagnosis of ixodid tick-borne borreliosis]. / Nepriamaia reaktsiia immunofliuorestsentsii v laboratornoi diagnostike iksodovykh kleshchevykh borreliozov.

Serological verification of ixodid tick-borne borrelioses (TBB) is carried out in Russia by using IFA with the standard antigen prepared from the strain Ip-21 B. afzelii by the Laboratory of Infection Vectors, Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences. This study is under way at approximately 50 research and practical institutions that are situated in 30 large administrative territories of the country. The nIFA data on 371 sera from 214 patients with TBB and 229 sera from controls who had other infections have been analyzed. Changes in the proportion antibody sera, mean geometrical and cut-off antibody titers in patients with TBB were compared with those in the controls. The values of seroconversion were analyzed in relation to the time lasted after the onset, the first serum collection, and an interval of reexamination. The specific results of tested of the coded sera were obtained during the international interlaboratory blind experiment. It is concluded that nIFA yields results that are suitable for TBB verification.