[Features of the upper gastrointestinal tract mucous membrane state in patients with atherosclerosis of the mesenteric arteries].

AIM: To evaluate the clinical and endoscopic features of diseases of the upper gastrointestinal tract (GIT) in patients with atherosclerosis of the mesenteric arteries (MA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 48 patients with atherosclerosis of MA and 43 patients without atherosclerosis of MA, who were hospitalized in the department of vascular surgery of the Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Hospital in the period from 2019 to 2021. All patients underwent multispiral computed tomoangiography of the visceral and lower limb arteries, esophagogastroduodenoscopy. RESULTS: Assessment of lesions of the upper gastrointestinal tract revealed a higher incidence of erosive and ulcerative gastroduodenopathies among patients with atherosclerosis of MA (60.4%), compared with patients without atherosclerosis MA (39.5%); p=0.047. Signs of severe atrophy according to the data of histological examination were statistically significantly more frequent among patients with atherosclerosis of MA (29.2 and 11.6%; p=0.031). According to the results of logistic regression, the following predictors of erosions and ulcers of the upper gastrointestinal tract were revealed: the severity of stenosis of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) is more than 35%, the body mass index (BMI) is less than 25.9 and the total score on the HADS scale is more than 6.5 points for depression (p=0.008). CONCLUSION: Erosive-ulcerative gastroduodenopathies and atrophy of the gastric mucosa are significantly more common in the group of patients with MA atherosclerosis. The main risk factors for erosions and ulcers of the upper gastrointestinal tract in patients with MA atherosclerosis are: the severity of SMA stenosis is more than 35%, a decrease in BMI is less than 25.9 and an increase in the HADS score is more than 6.5 points.

[Changes in the type and amount of bone collagens in chronic suppurative otitis media]. / Izmenenie tipovogo i kolichestvennogo sootnosheniya kollagenov kostnoi tkani pri khronicheskom gnoinom srednem otite.

OBJECTIVE: Comparative assessment of the collagen-tissue interaction in the bone tissue of the middle ear structures in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective study of 42 patients aged 16-60 years with CSOM admitted for reconstructive sanitizing surgery was performed. To study the collagen-tissue interaction, intraoperative samples of the bone tissue of the middle ear were used. A software calculation of vascular-stromal areas and ratios of various types of bone tissue collagen was carried out during histomorphological examination. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The quantitative and qualitative parameters of bone tissue collagen obtained intraoperatively in patients with CSOM were studied. The cavities of the middle ear are in the phase of a chronic purulent process, when the bone structures are morphologically disorganized according to the pathological type, and sclerosis with overgrowth of the cellular structure of the mastoid process is considered a favorable outcome for delimiting the focus of inflammation in the pyramid of the temporal bone. CONCLUSIONS: Changes in the processes of collagen remodeling of bone structures contribute to the maintenance of inflammation of the middle ear in all clinical forms of CSOM. Pathological osteogenesis can serve as an indicator of the progressive course of a purulent-destructive process in the cavities of the middle ear, which makes it possible to reliably determine the rate of bone tissue transformation to predict relapse after reconstructive and sanitizing surgery.

[Atherosclerosis of peripheral arteries in patients with coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus].

AIM: To study the features of atherosclerosis of peripheral arteries in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) depending on the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to identify factors associated with multifocal atherosclerosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 140 patients (77 men and 63 women) with CAD (mean age 62.0 (56.0-66.0) years). The first group included 70 people with CAD and T2DM, and the second group included 70 patients with CAD without T2DM. All patients underwent duplex scanning of the carotid and lower limb arteries (LLA). Local vascular stiffness of the common carotid artery (CCA) was assessed by ultrasound scanning. The Peterson elasticity modulus, distensibility and strain of the CCA were determined. The ankle - brachial index (ABI) was measured by the Doppler method. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: In the group of patients with T2D, there were statistically more patients with atherosclerotic plaques in both carotid arteries and LLA. Also among patients with T2DM the severity of stenosis of carotid arteries and LLA at all levels was significantly greater. Local carotid stiffness was higher in the first group of patients. The proportion of individuals with reduced ABI.

Changes in Functional Activity of Neutrophils and Monocytes Isolated from the Peripheral Blood of Women at Different Phases of the Menstrual Cycle.

We studied functional activity of neutrophilic granulocytes and monocytes isolated from the peripheral blood of women during the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle. It was shown that phagocytic activity of neutrophilic granulocytes increases, their intracellular oxygen-dependent bactericidal activity decreases, and the number of monocyte extracellular traps increases in women in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle in comparison with the follicular phase.

[Cytokine profile changes in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis]. / Izmenenie tsitokinovogo profilya u detei s uveitom, assotsiirovannym s yuvenil'nym idiopaticheskim artritom.

AIM: to identify the differences between serum cytokine profiles in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) with or without uveal tract inflammation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Serum cytokine profiles were studied in two groups of patients: 20 children with JIA and JIA-associated uveitis and 33 children, who had no signs of uveitis under basic therapy for their JIA. All the patients showed drug remission of articular syndrome. Inflammation of the choroid took the form of chronic anterior uveitis. The process was active in 95% of cases. The control group consisted of 35 children without rheumatic disease or other acute condition at the time of examination. Groups were comparable in terms of age and sex. Serum levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-17, IL-10 were measured by the enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique. RESULTS: A statistically significant increase in TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-17, and IL-10 levels was found in all patients as compared to the control group. A comparison drawn between serum cytokine levels of JIA patients and those, who also suffered from JIA-associated uveitis, revealed a decrease in IFN-γ and an increase in IL-10 in the latter group. There was also a statistically significant positive correlation between TNF-α and IFN-γ serum levels in patients with JIA-associated uveitis. CONCLUSION: Development of uveitis in patients with drug remission of JIA occurs on the background of cytokine imbalance in the serum, in particular, increased concentrations of proinflammatory TNF-α and IL-17 cytokines along with reduced IFN-γ and increased IL-10 levels. This may be regarded as risk factors for ocular inflammation and should be taken into account when making treatment decisions.

[FEATURES OF MODIFYING EFFECT OF LOW-INTENSITY ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF NATURAL AND TECHNOGENIC ORIGIN ON VIABILITY AND FUNCTIONAL STATUS OF NEUTROPHILIC GRANULOCYTES].

AIM: Study effects of microwave electromagnetic radiation (EMR) of the SHF range in vitro on viability and functional status of neutrophilic granulocytes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Neutrophils of peripheral blood of 30 conditionally healthy donors aged 18 - 20 years were exposed to the effect of broadband (natural, similar to sun radio emission) and, mono-frequency (technogenic, similar to emission of cell phones, PCs, microwave ovens, etc.) EMR with frequency range of 4 - 4.34 GHz, generated by a SHF-generator <>. 16 minutes after the effect, viability of neutrophilic granulocytes, phagocytic activity, lysosome activity ofcells were studied, NBT-reducing ability and cytokine content in supernatant were evaluated. RESULTS: The amount of viable neu- trophils significantly reduced after the effect of modelled EMR with technogenic frequency- temporal structure, functional status of viable cells did not change. Neutrophils retained viability after the effect of EMR of natural origin, increased levels of IL1ß and TNFα was determined in supernatants, functional status of neutrophils of men remained stable, and in women an increase of phagocytic ability and a reduction of production of oxygen radicals was noted. CONCLUSION: The detected reduction of the amount of viable neutrophils under the effect of EMR of technogenic origin could result in disturbances in the system of innate immunity, other homeostasis elements of the human organism and development of pathologic conditions. At the same time, the de- tected effects of EMR of natural origin. open perspectives of use of modelled microwave EMR of SHF range in prophylaxis and clinical medicine.

[Influence of Solcotrichovac vaccine on formation of neutrophil extracellular traps].

AIM: To study the influence of Solcotichovac vaccine on formation of neutrophil extracellular traps. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Solcotrichovac vaccine administered in various doses was used in order to assess the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps in peripheral blood of women of childbearing age. RESULTS: Therapeutic dose of Solcotrichovac stimulated the most prominent formation of neutrophil extracellular traps. CONCLUSION: Solcotrichovac vaccine stimulated non-specific arm of mucosal immunity due to formation of neutrophil extracellular traps and it is probable that this mechanism explains the effect of this vaccine.

[The complement system and circulating immune complexes in burn patients]. / Sistema komplementa i tsirkuliruiushchie immunnye kompleksy u bol'nykh s ozhogami.

The results of the study of humoral immunity in 80 burn patients are presented. A typical feature of all burn patients was a decrease in the total activity of the alternative path of the activation of complement and its factors B and D, beginning from the first day after the trauma. The character of changes in the functional activity of components C1-C5 of the classical path depended on the area of damages with their activation if burn area was less than 20% of the skin surface and deactivation if the burn area exceeded 20%.