[Coagglutination test to localize a urinary infection]. / Koaglutinatsionen test za lokalizirane na uroinfektsiiata.

A method has been developed for discovering of antibody covered bacteria in the urine by means of a coagglutination test with a protein A containing strain--St. aureus Cowan's I. The test is based on the ability of staphylococcal protein A to bind Fc-fragment of IgG. As a specificity control St. aureus Wood 46 was used. 38 patients with urinary infections were examined. As pyelonephritic criteria the following were considered: febrile episodes, lumber pains, polyuria, pollakiuria, leukocyturia, proteinuria, raised arterial pressure, anemia, diminished renal function or chronic renal failure, x-ray, ultrasound and isotopic-nephrographic changes. In the presence of antibody covered bacteria the test is positive--there is coagglutination only with st. aureus Cowan's I. If the bacteria are not antibody coated no coagglutination takes place. If there is coagglutination with both strains the reaction is considered non-specific. II samples gave non-specific reaction. In 75% of the pyelonephritic patients the test was positive. In 70% of the patients with urinary infections of the lower urinary tract, i.e. with bacteria without immunoglobulins, the test was negative. In 74.1% of the cases there is a correlation between the coagglutination test and the localization of the urinary infection by means of other clinical and paraclinical methods. It is suggested that the coagglutination test should be included in the examination of patients with urinary infections, the positive test indicates renal localization of the infection.

[Trial of the intensity and duration of swine fever immunity in pigs]. / Izpitvane na naprezhenieto i produlzhitelnostta na immuniteta protiv chuma pri svine.

Comparative testing of the intensity and the continuity of immunity against swine fever was carried out with pigs producers of serum against edema disease and swine erysipelas, vaccinated with an untreated and a freeze-dried K vaccine. Control infection studies revealed that serum-producing pigs with regard to edema disease, immunized with a freeze-dried and an untreated lapinized K vaccine, could acquire sufficiently stable immunity from the 6th to the 9th month following immunization both in the beginning and at the end of the exploitation period. So far as the intensity and the continuity of immunity of pigs producing serum against erysipelas are concerned the animals were shown to acquire sufficiently stable immunity against swine fever when vaccination was carried out with a freeze-dried K vaccine, while not all of the pigs treated with an untreated K vaccine were protected from swine fever upon control challenging. Therefore, instead of immunization with an untreated K vaccine as many as 400 immunization doses of the freeze-dried K vaccine could be used.

[Lyophilization of live CA-80 vaccine against coli enteritis in pigs]. / Liofilizirane na zhiva vaksina CA-80 protiv kolienteriti pri prasetata.

A live vaccine against coli enteritis in pigs, CA-80, with a protection medium of 5 per cent hemodex, was successfully freeze-dried in ampoules or vials at the rate of 5 to 10 vaccinal doses each, the titer ranging from 10(9) to 10(10) live bacteria per cu. cm, of a 12-month shelf-life period. The vaccine was found to be innocuous for pigs, and was intended for active immunoprophylaxis on both infected and menaced farms and complexes, applying it to sows in the last third of the gestation period.

[Staphylococcal coagglutination test for detecting antibody-coated bacteria in the urine]. / Stafilokokov koaglutinatsionen test za otkrivane na bakterii, pokriti s antitela, v urinata.

An easy and rapid staphylococcal coagulation test is described for detection of bacteria, covered with antibodies in urine of patients with chronic pyelonephritis as an additional index of the etiological role of the isolated microorganisms and localization of the pathological process. Inactivated and stabilized protein A containing strain S. aureus Cowan's (SSM 2352) was used. The coagulation test is negative in infectious processes of the lower segments of urinary system and bacterial contamination of urine.

[Protective medium for the lyophilization of a live vaccine against swine erysipelas--VR2]. / Zashtitna sreda za liofilizirane na zhiva vaksina protiv chervenka po svinete--VR2.

Hydrolysate was obtained through enzyme hydrolysis from waste residual fibrin in the production of hyperimmune swine blood. Fibrin hydrolysate and gelatose in 2.5 : 1.5 ratio were tested as protective medium for the freeze-drying of VR2 vaccine against swine erysipelas. It was found that the freeze-drying of the vaccine with the addition of the hydrolysate-gelatose medium at the rate of 4-5 per cent of the vaccine volume met the requirements of the standard for sterility, innocuity, vaccinal titer, and residual moisture.

[Immunobiological activity of various blood serum fractions from cattle and swine. The dynamics of Ig in specific serum against colibacillosis in pigs]. / Imunobiologichna aktivnost na razlichni fraktsii na kruvni serumi ot svine i goveda. Dinamika na Ig v spetsifichen serum protiv kolibakterioza po prasetata.

The level of the IgM and IgG agglutinating antibody specific hyperimmune serum against coli-bacteriosis and its fractions were studied. The serum was obtained at various stages of the preparation, hyperimmunization and exploitation of serum producing swine by using the 2-mercapto-ethanol test. It was established that serum of the total globulin, alpha-beta-globulin and gamma-globulin fractions contains IgM and IgG agglutinating antibodies against E. coli. These immunoglobulin classes are synthetized at all stages of serum producing swine preparation, hyperimmunization and exploitation. The quantitative IgM:IgG ratios at the individual stages vary. At the initial stages and until the 10th cycle of exsanguination (phlebotomy) IgM antibodies predominate. After that, at the following stages IgG antibodies begin gradually to predominate. Up to the 20th cycle of exsanguination both globulins are synthetized, but the 2-mercapto-ethanol non-sensitive IgG antibodies are in greater quantity.

Enterovirus 71 isolated from cases of epidemic poliomyelitis-like disease in Bulgaria.

Virological and serological studies of an epidemic disease in Bulgaria, 1975, were carried out. Epidemiologically, clinically and pathomorphologically, the disease simulated almost all known forms of poliomyelitis, acute stem encephalitis, encephalomyocarditis and aseptic meningitis. The studies completely rules out the participation of polioviruses and provided comprehensive evidence for the etiological role of a peculiar enterovirus subsequently identified as enterovirus (EV) type 71 known in the literature since 1974. Altogether, in 1975 and 1976 from 65 cases of poliomyelitis-like disease (PLD) 92 strains of EV71 were isolated, including 37 strains from the brain and medulla, 1 from the cerebrospinal fluid, 10 from mesenterial lymph nodes and tonsils and 44 from faeces. In addition, in 282 convalescent cases of the disease, diagnostic seroconversion or high titers of antibody to this virus were demonstrated. The most successful virus isolation was achieved by inoculation of green monkey kidney cell cultures and newborn white mice. Bulgarian strains of enterovirus 71 regularly caused paralysis in monkeys and morphological poliomyelitis-like lesions in their CNS, and paralysis and myositis with Zenker necrosis in newborn white mice, cotton rats, Syrian hamsters, and 3-week-old cotton rats. The diseased rodents had much more virus in their mucles than in brains.