"Giardia lamblia" en una población infantil / "Giardia lamblia" in a pediatric population

Se estudiaron 8.717 niños menores de 13 años de edad, de ambos sexos durante los años 1992-1996. Objetivos: determinar la frecuencia de Giardia lamblia e una población infantil, la distribución de este agente etiológico de acuerdo a la edad de los niños parasitados y la variación de la frecuencia de la infección en los meses del año. Material y métodos: a todos los pacientes se les solicitó una muestra de heces recogida de forma seriada durante 8 días consecutivos conservadas en formol al 10 por ciento. Las heces se examinaron por microscopía directa en X100 y X400 aumentos para la búsqueda de trofozoítos y/o quistes de G. lamblia. Resultados: de las 8.717 muestras de materia fecal estudiadas 2.290 (26,27 por ciento) presentaron G. lamblia. Los porcentajes de infección variaron del 22,78 al 32,30 por ciento, según la edad, mostrando un pico máximo entre los 3 y 4 años, y del 18,36 al 21,74 por ciento en los menores de 1 año y 12 años, respectivamente. no se observó tendencia en las variaciones mensuales. Conclusiones: el presente estudio sugiere que G. lamblia constituye un patógeno de alta prevalencia en niños, con una frecuencia similar a la comunicada por otros autore, lo que hace necesario su diagnóstico para la aplicación de una terapia adecuada (AU)

[Parasitosis in an adult population with chronic gastrointestinal disorders]. / Parasitosis en una población adulta con trastornos gastrointestinales crónicos.

We worked with 185 middle-class patients above 18 years of age, both sexes, who presented diarrhea and/or chronic gastrointestinal disorders. The faeces were collected serially in formol 10% and processed in the following way: direct microscopy, with and without wet staining, concentration by Ritchie's method, 1% safranine technique for a specific investigation of Cryptosporidium sp., and faecal sieving macroparasites. Twenty eight point six of the studied patients showed at least one enteroparasite in their faeces, 48 harboured one parasite and 5 harboured two parasites. The following parasites were found and their corresponding percentages in the entire studied population are given below: Blastocystis hominis 15.7%, Giardia lamblia 7.5%, Cryptosporidium sp. 1.6%, Entamoeba coli 3.3%, Chilomastix mesnilii 1.1%, Ancylostoma duodenale-Necator americanus 0.5%, Ascaris lumbricoides 0.5%, Enterobious vermicularis 0.5% y Endolimax nana 0.5%. The most frequently found enteroparasites in the positive patients were B. hominis and G. lamblia. Cryptosporidium sp. was diagnosed in only three patients. The source of infection could be presumed in all of them. The symptomatology coincided with that described for this coccid in the bibliography. In spite of the fact that they were HIV seronegative patients the diarrhea was not self-limiting, but the immunologic profile of their relatives remained unknown and no other cause of immunosuppression could be detected with justified chronicity. The treatment with spiramycin was effective. Giardiasis was found in 17 patients, and the source of infection could not be inferred in any of them. They all had chronic diarrhea and their most frequent symptoms were abdominal pain, metallic taste, flatulency and nausea. Most of these patients were harboured one parasite, and only 2 of them simultaneously presented another faecal parasite associated to G. lamblia. Treatment with metronidazole was successful in all of them. Twenty nine patients were found to have B. hominis. The source of infection could not be inferred, this amoeboid was present as the only parasite in 25 patients. Predominant symptoms were flatulence, abdominal distention and colis. All patients suffered from chronic diarrhea, alternating, in some cases, with constipation. Good therapeutic results were obtained with metronidazole. Considering that one third of the patients examined presented faecal parasites associated to chronic disorders, it is important to insist on the detection of parasites to chronic disorders, it is important to insist on the detection of parasites using appropriate diagnostic techniques since the application of specific therapy made their eradication possible as well as relieving the patients' symptomatology.

[Parasites found in HIV-seropositive patients]. / Hallazgos de parásitos en pacientes HIV seropositivos.

For 41 months, the presence of parasites was investigated in a seropositive HIV population with the clinical characteristics of stages 3 and 4 according to the OMS classification; of 212 fecal samples belonging to 135 patients which were analyzed, 53.33% presented enteroparasites. A direct parasitological exam and a Ritchie concentration were performed on the feces collected in formol 10%. Two smears were stained with Safranine 1% and two with modified Ziehl-Nielsen to identify Cryptosporidium sp. The detected frequencies were: Cryptosporidium The detected frequencies were: Cryptosporidium sp. 11.11%; I. belli 2.96%; G. lamblia 11.85%; B. hominis 26.66%; A. lumbricoides 2.96%; E. vermicularis 1.48%; H. nana 0.74%; E. coli 13.33%; E. nana 5.93%; Ch. mesnilii 2.22% and I. butschlii 0.74%. There were 46 monoparasitized patients, 19 biparasitized, 5 triparasitized and 2 tetraparasitized. Furthermore, 17 bronchoalveolar lavages (BAL) and 194 sputa were processed, collected in formol 10% and centrifuged to exhaustion; 10 smears were prepared with sediment and were stained with toluidine blue. Groccot (Gomori) coloration was used to confirm doubtful cases. In 47% of the BAL and in 22,68% of the sputa P. carinii was diagnosed. This represents 34.68%. The percentage of positive cases was: 30.88% for those patients who sent a single sputum, 36.84% for those who sent more than one and 27.27% for BAL. Finally, in 7 patients who sent BAL and sputa, there were 2 positive and 2 negative cases in both materials, while P. carinii was diagnosed in 3 patients only in their BAL.

Hallazgos de parásitos en pacientes HIV seropositivos. / [Parasites found in HIV-seropositive patients]

For 41 months, the presence of parasites was investigated in a seropositive HIV population with the clinical characteristics of stages 3 and 4 according to the OMS classification; of 212 fecal samples belonging to 135 patients which were analyzed, 53.33

presented enteroparasites. A direct parasitological exam and a Ritchie concentration were performed on the feces collected in formol 10

. Two smears were stained with Safranine 1

and two with modified Ziehl-Nielsen to identify Cryptosporidium sp. The detected frequencies were: Cryptosporidium The detected frequencies were: Cryptosporidium sp. 11.11

; I. belli 2.96

; G. lamblia 11.85

; B. hominis 26.66

; A. lumbricoides 2.96

; E. vermicularis 1.48

; H. nana 0.74

; E. coli 13.33

; E. nana 5.93

; Ch. mesnilii 2.22

and I. butschlii 0.74

. There were 46 monoparasitized patients, 19 biparasitized, 5 triparasitized and 2 tetraparasitized. Furthermore, 17 bronchoalveolar lavages (BAL) and 194 sputa were processed, collected in formol 10

and centrifuged to exhaustion; 10 smears were prepared with sediment and were stained with toluidine blue. Groccot (Gomori) coloration was used to confirm doubtful cases. In 47

of the BAL and in 22,68

of the sputa P. carinii was diagnosed. This represents 34.68

. The percentage of positive cases was: 30.88

for those patients who sent a single sputum, 36.84

for those who sent more than one and 27.27

for BAL. Finally, in 7 patients who sent BAL and sputa, there were 2 positive and 2 negative cases in both materials, while P. carinii was diagnosed in 3 patients only in their BAL.

Presencia de Cryptosporidium sp. en heces diarreicas de una población infantil / Occurrence of Cryptosporidium sp. in diarrheic feces of a population of children

Se examinaron durante un año 300 muestras de materia fecal de 210 niños diarreicos, para la búsqueda de Cryptosporidium sp., procedentes del Hospital Provincial del Centenario, Rosario. El rango de edad de los niños osciló entre la primer semana de vida y los 13 años, aunque su mayoría no superó los 3 años. Las heces se recolectaron en formol 10%, se enriquecieron por el método de formol-eter y se colorearon con las técnicas permanentes se Safranina 1% y Ziehl Neelsen modificada. Los ooquistes de Cryptosporidium sp. fueron detectados en 16 de los 210 niños examinados (7,6%). La cantidad de ooquistes presentes en las muestras positivas fue de moderada a abundante, con excepción de un solo niño donde el número de ooquistes fue demasiado escaso. Se obtuvieron muestras adicionales de sólo 5 de estos 16 niños. En 3 de ellos la segunda muestra se negativizó. En ninguna de las muestras positivas se detectaron simultáneamente trofozoitos, quistes, esporoquistes, huevos o larvas de otro enteoparásito. La búsqueda de Cryptosporidium sp. En niños diarreicos debe ser considerada como rutina parasitológica para el diagnóstico etiológico diferencial

Presencia de Cryptosporidium sp. en heces diarreicas de una población infantil / Occurrence of Cryptosporidium sp. in diarrheic feces of a population of children

Se examinaron durante un año 300 muestras de materia fecal de 210 niños diarreicos, para la búsqueda de Cryptosporidium sp., procedentes del Hospital Provincial del Centenario, Rosario. El rango de edad de los niños osciló entre la primer semana de vida y los 13 años, aunque su mayoría no superó los 3 años. Las heces se recolectaron en formol 10%, se enriquecieron por el método de formol-eter y se colorearon con las técnicas permanentes se Safranina 1% y Ziehl Neelsen modificada. Los ooquistes de Cryptosporidium sp. fueron detectados en 16 de los 210 niños examinados (7,6%). La cantidad de ooquistes presentes en las muestras positivas fue de moderada a abundante, con excepción de un solo niño donde el número de ooquistes fue demasiado escaso. Se obtuvieron muestras adicionales de sólo 5 de estos 16 niños. En 3 de ellos la segunda muestra se negativizó. En ninguna de las muestras positivas se detectaron simultáneamente trofozoitos, quistes, esporoquistes, huevos o larvas de otro enteoparásito. La búsqueda de Cryptosporidium sp. En niños diarreicos debe ser considerada como rutina parasitológica para el diagnóstico etiológico diferencial (AU)

[Presence of Cryptosporidium sp. in diarrheic feces of a population of children]. / Presencia de Cryptosporidium sp. en heces diarreicas de una población infantil.

Searching for Cryptosporidium sp., we examined (throughout a year) 300 samples of feces belonging to 210 diarrheic children assisted at the Hospital Provincial del Centenario. Their ages ranged from a week to thirteen years, though most of them were not older than three years. Feces were collected in 10% formol, enriched by the formol-ether method and stained with safranine 1% and modified Ziehl Neelsen permanent techniques. Cryptosporidium oocysts were detected in 16 out of the 210 children examined (7.6%). The number of oocysts in positive samples was from moderate to abundant, with the exception of one child who showed a very low number of oocysts. Additional samples of only 5 out of these 16 children were obtained. In 3 of them the sample became negative. In none of the positive patients, trophozoites, cysts, sporocysts, eggs or any other enteroparasite larvae were simultaneously detected. The search for Cryptosporidium sp. in diarrheic children should be considered a parasitological routine for a differential etiological diagnosis.

Presencia de Cryptosporidium sp. en heces diarreicas de una población infantil. / [Presence of Cryptosporidium sp. in diarrheic feces of a population of children]

Searching for Cryptosporidium sp., we examined (throughout a year) 300 samples of feces belonging to 210 diarrheic children assisted at the Hospital Provincial del Centenario. Their ages ranged from a week to thirteen years, though most of them were not older than three years. Feces were collected in 10

formol, enriched by the formol-ether method and stained with safranine 1

and modified Ziehl Neelsen permanent techniques. Cryptosporidium oocysts were detected in 16 out of the 210 children examined (7.6

). The number of oocysts in positive samples was from moderate to abundant, with the exception of one child who showed a very low number of oocysts. Additional samples of only 5 out of these 16 children were obtained. In 3 of them the sample became negative. In none of the positive patients, trophozoites, cysts, sporocysts, eggs or any other enteroparasite larvae were simultaneously detected. The search for Cryptosporidium sp. in diarrheic children should be considered a parasitological routine for a differential etiological diagnosis.