Correlation between trough levels of infliximab and postoperative endoscopic recurrence in Crohn's disease patients submitted to ileocolonic resections.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate serum levels of Infliximab (IFX) in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) who underwent an ileocolonic resection and to correlate them with the presence or absence of endoscopic disease recurrence. METHODS: An observational and cross-sectional study was carried out in patients from 2 treatment centers in Curitiba-PR, with CD, who underwent ileocaecal resection and used IFX after surgery. Drug serum levels were measured, and colonoscopy was performed 30 days before or after collection. Patients were then divided into two groups: with or without endoscopic recurrence (defined as a Rutgeerts score greater than or equal to 2), and mean serum IFX levels were identified and compared. The primary objective was the correlation between recurrence and the median levels of IFX, performed comparatively between groups. RESULTS: Of the 21 patients included in the study, 14 had no endoscopic recurrence and 7 had it. There was no difference between groups in terms of baseline patient characteristics, mono or combo therapy treatment, serum albumin, and the time elapsed between collection of serum levels and diagnosis, surgery, and beginning of therapy. Patients with endoscopic recurrence used more biologics previously ( P  = 0.027). There was no difference between the median values of serum IFX levels between the groups: (4.71 [0.03-14.4]) in patients without recurrence versus (2.18 [0.88-14]) in those with recurrence ( P  = 0.601). CONCLUSION: Low serum IFX levels were not correlated with postoperative endoscopic recurrence. Studies with a larger number of patients are needed to better test the proposed hypothesis.

Quality of life, work productivity impairment and healthcare resources in inflammatory bowel diseases in Brazil.

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) have been associated with a low quality of life (QoL) and a negative impact on work productivity compared to the general population. Information about disease control, patient-reported outcomes (PROs), treatment patterns and use of healthcare resources is relevant to optimizing IBD management. AIM: To describe QoL and work productivity and activity impairment (WPAI), treatment patterns and use of healthcare resources among IBD patients in Brazil. METHODS: A multicenter cross-sectional study included adult outpatients who were previously diagnosed with moderate to severe Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC). At enrolment, active CD and UC were defined as having a Harvey Bradshaw Index ≥ 8 or a CD Activity Index ≥ 220 or calprotectin > 200 µg/g or previous colonoscopy results suggestive of inadequate control (per investigator criteria) and a 9-point partial Mayo score ≥ 5, respectively. The PRO assessment included the QoL questionnaires SF-36 and EQ-5D-5L, the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ), and the WPAI questionnaire. Information about healthcare resources and treatment during the previous 3 years was collected from medical records. Chi-square, Fisher's exact and Student's t-/Mann-Whitney U tests were used to compare PROs, treatment patterns and the use of healthcare resources by disease activity (α = 0.05). RESULTS: Of the 407 patients in this study (CD/UC: 64.9%/35.1%, mean age 42.9/45.9 years, 54.2%/56.6% female, 38.3%/37.1% employed), 44.7%/25.2% presented moderate-to-severe CD/UC activity, respectively, at baseline. Expressed in median values for CD/UC, respectively, the SF-36 physical component was 46.6/44.7 and the mental component was 45.2/44.2, the EQ-visual analog scale score was 80.0/70.0, and the IBDQ overall score was 164.0/165.0. Moderate to severe activity, female gender, being unemployed, a lower educational level and lower income were associated with lower QoL (P < 0.05). Median work productivity impairment was 20% and 5% for CD and UC patients, respectively, and activity impairment was 30%, the latter being higher among patients with moderate to severe disease activity compared to patients with mild or no disease activity (75.0% vs 10.0%, P < 0.001). For CD/UC patients, respectively, 25.4%/2.8% had at least one surgery, 38.3%/19.6% were hospitalized, and 70.7%/77.6% changed IBD treatment at least once during the last 3 years. The most common treatments at baseline were biologics (75.3%) and immunosuppressants (70.9%) for CD patients and 5-ASA compounds (77.5%) for UC patients. CONCLUSION: Moderate to severe IBD activity, especially among CD patients, is associated with a substantial impact on QoL, work productivity impairment and an increased number of IBD surgeries and hospitalizations in Brazil.

A neuropatologia no período neonatal: análise de 1616 casos de necropsia / The neuropathology of neonatal period: analysis of 1616 autopsies

As lesöes do sistema nervoso central, resultantes da vulnerabilidade do encéfalo às condiçöes adversas durante a gestaçäo e após o nascimento, representam uma importante causa de morbimortalidade no período neonatal. Este estudo visa analisar a prevalência e os padröes das lesöes neuropatológicas em neomortos do Hospital de Clínicas de Curitiba. Utilizou-se como fonte de dados o Banco de Necropsia da Unidade de Patologia Perinatal e Pediátrica do Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná - Curitiba, que registra 5743 necropsias realizadas entre os anos de 1960 e 1995. Foram selecionados 2049 casos correspondentes aos laudos de necropsia dos neomortos, os quais foram classificados segundo a faixa etária e o padräo de lesäo neuropatológica. Caracterizou-se lesäo neuropatológica em 1616 casos (78,87 por cento), observando-se maior prevalência das hemorragias intracranianas (73,39 por cento), malformaçöes congênitas (4,27 por cento) e infecçöes (3,59 por cento). As hemorragias hipóxicas representaram a lesäo neuropatológica mais freqüente entre os neomortos, especialmente entre os prematuros. Houve diferença na prevalência quanto ao gênero apenas nas malformaçöes, que foram mais comuns no sexo feminino