Recent Advances in Flexible Pressure Sensors Based on MXene Materials.

In the past decade, with the rapid development of wearable electronics, medical health monitoring, the Internet of Things, and flexible intelligent robots, flexible pressure sensors have received unprecedented attention. As a very important kind of electronic component for information transmission and collection, flexible pressure sensors have gained a wide application prospect in the fields of aerospace, biomedical and health monitoring, electronic skin, and human-machine interface. In recent years, MXene has attracted extensive attention because of its unique 2D layered structure, high conductivity, rich surface terminal groups, and hydrophilicity, which has brought a new breakthrough for flexible sensing. Thus, it has become a revolutionary pressure-sensitive material with great potential. In this work, the recent advances of MXene-based flexible pressure sensors are reviewed from the aspects of sensing type, sensing mechanism, material selection, structural design, preparation strategy, and sensing application. The methods and strategies to improve the performance of MXene-based flexible pressure sensors are analyzed in details. Finally, the opportunities and challenges faced by MXene-based flexible pressure sensors are discussed. This review will bring the research and development of MXene-based flexible sensors to a new high level, promoting the wider research exploitation and practical application of MXene materials in flexible pressure sensors.

Corrigendum: Systematic pan-cancer analysis of the potential tumor diagnosis and prognosis biomarker P4HA3.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1045061.].

Systematic pan-cancer analysis of the potential tumor diagnosis and prognosis biomarker P4HA3.

Purpose: Prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha 3 (P4HA3) is implicated in several cancers' development. However, P4HA3 has not been reported in other cancers, and the exact mechanism of action is currently unknown. Materials and methods: First, the expression profile of P4HA3 was analyzed using a combination of the University of California Santa Cruz (UCSC) database, Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) database, and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) database. UniCox and Kaplan-Meier were used to analyze the predictive value of P4HA3. The expression of P4HA3 was analyzed in clinical staging, immune subtypes, and Molecular subtypes. Secondly, the correlation of P4HA3 with immunomodulatory genes, immune checkpoint genes, RNA modification genes, immune cell infiltration, cancer-related functional status, tumor stemness index, DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes and DNA Methyltransferase was examined. The role of P4HA3 in DNA methylation, copy number variation (CNV), mutational status, tumor mutational burden (TMB), and microsatellite instability (MSI) was also analyzed. In addition, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to explore the potential functional mechanisms of P4HA3 in pan-cancer. Finally, P4HA3-related drugs were searched in CellMiner, Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC), and Cancer Therapeutics Response Portal (CTRP) databases. Results: P4HA3 is significantly overexpressed in most cancers and is associated with poor prognosis. P4HA3 is strongly associated with clinical cancer stage, immune subtypes, molecular subtypes, immune regulatory genes, immune checkpoint genes, RNA modifier genes, immune cell infiltration, cancer-related functional status, tumor stemness index, MMR Gene, DNA Methyltransferase, DNA methylation, CNV, mutational status, TMB, and MSI are closely related. Available enrichment analysis revealed that P4HA3 is associated with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and immune-related pathways. There are currently 20 drugs associated with P4HA3. Conclusion: In human pan-cancer, P4HA3 is associated with poor patient prognosis and multiple immune cells and may be a novel immunotherapeutic target. It may act on tumor progression through the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway.

3D N-doped carbon framework with embedded CoS nanoparticles as highly active and durable oxygen reduction and evolution electrocatalyst.

Development of bifunctional non-metal electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reactions (ORRs) and oxygen evolution reactions (OERs) with high efficiency, durable stability and low cost is a crucial and challenging issue. However, the heteroatom-doped carbon material including a carbon-based conductive additive would be easily oxidized under the high potential needed for driving the OER. Besides, the interaction between the heteroatom-doped carbon material that possesses electrocatalyst activity and a carbon-based conductive additive is weak, affecting the performance of the electrocatalyst. In this context, we introduce CoS nanoparticles into a three-dimensional N-doped carbon framework (CoS/NCF) by a morphology-retaining pyrolysis of polyaniline/CoS framework precursor, in which the polyaniline framework provides abundant functional groups to nucleate and grow CoS nanoparticles while retaining its interconnected three-dimensional porous structure. Benefiting from (i) the lower OER potential of CoS nanoparticles than the electro-oxidation decomposition potential of a carbon material and (ii) the strong affinity of CoS nanoparticles for a N-doped carbon framework, higher stability than commercial Pt/C system and greater catalytic activity towards ORR with an onset potential of about 0.921 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) are observed. Furthermore, only a potential of 1.515 V versus RHE is required for achieving a current density of 10 mA cm-2.