RESUMO
Breast cancer is an uncommon malignancy in men; therefore, the approach to treatment is mostly modeled on that used in females. First-line use of aromatase inhibitors (AIs) is now standard practice in hormone-sensitive metastatic breast cancer in postmenopausal females. However, tamoxifen continues to be regarded as first-line treatment in hormone-sensitive male breast cancer. This article reviews the role of second and third generation AIs as first- or second-line hormonal treatment in male patients with metastatic breast cancer. It also explores the potential use of AIs in combination with gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs or trastuzumab suggesting that in the future this may prove a useful alternative to tamoxifen.
Assuntos
Inibidores da Aromatase/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias da Mama Masculina/tratamento farmacológico , Adrenalectomia , Anastrozol , Aromatase/metabolismo , Mama/enzimologia , Neoplasias da Mama/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias da Mama Masculina/cirurgia , Estrogênios/fisiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Letrozol , Masculino , Nitrilas/uso terapêutico , Orquiectomia , Pós-Menopausa , Valores de Referência , Caracteres Sexuais , Testículo/fisiologia , Triazóis/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: There have been numerous advances in the adjuvant therapy of colon cancer in the last two decades. METHODS: This review outlines the historical perspectives of adjuvant treatment as well as current and emerging standards of care. RESULTS: Although previous regimens included a variety of equivalent schedules of 5-fluorouracil and folinic acid, integration of newer drugs such as oxaliplatin are offering significant improvements in disease-free survival. The use of targeted agents such as bevacuzimab creates the potential to further increase cure rates in the adjuvant setting. The current low rate of referral of eligible patients for chemotherapy in Australia is also discussed. CONCLUSION: Adjuvant therapy for colon cancer is making major strides as we attempt to cure more patients.