The perception of healthcare professionals, through their own personal experiences, of the use of music therapy in hospitalised children and adolescents.

BACKGROUND: Music therapy is an emerging and useful methodology for improving patient environments within healthcare fields. However, although it has been shown that music therapy interventions with hospitalised children and adolescents have been used for decades with positive effects, there are currently very few studies that specifically describe the perspectives of healthcare professionals regarding the value of music therapy when applied in these patients. OBJECTIVES: To describe the insights of healthcare professionals regarding music therapy, both on a personal level and in terms of its usefulness in the care of hospitalised children and adolescents. DESIGN: This was a qualitative descriptive-exploratory study with focus groups. PARTICIPANTS: Eighteen healthcare professionals. METHODS: In January 2023, two focus groups, containing nine healthcare professionals each, were created to collect data regarding their experiences concerning the effect of music therapy on hospitalised children and adolescents. Before recording their opinions, all these professionals participated in an interactive music therapy session. The thematic analysis in this work was performed using MAXQDA® software. RESULTS: Two main categories emerged: (a) the effects of music therapy on healthcare professionals, and (b) the benefits of music therapy to patients (children and adolescents). CONCLUSIONS: Music therapy was valued positively by healthcare professionals who described the benefits its use has for hospitalised children and adolescents. They also expressed positive viewpoints regarding the use of music therapy to improve their own self-knowledge and self-care. IMPLICATIONS TO PRACTICE: Healthcare professionals may utilise music therapists to improve patient outcomes and reduce the negative effects of hospitalisation.

The relevance of music therapy in paediatric and adolescent cancer patients: a scoping review.

BACKGROUND: Music therapy is an emerging and useful methodology to improve the quality of life of children and adolescents with cancer. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this scoping review was to examine the available literature and offer an analysis of the relevance of music therapy in paediatric oncology. We considered the effects of music therapy on children and adolescents with cancer as well as the perception of this population, their families, music therapists, and health professionals regarding the music therapy sessions conducted. Finally, we analysed the characteristics of the distinct types of music therapy interventions reported in the literature. METHODS: In this review, we applied the methodology proposed by Arksey and O'Malley. After performing a comprehensive academic literature database search, 522 articles were identified of which, 27 met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS: The results shed light on the use of music therapy as a means to facilitate self-esteem, to improve the physical, emotional, and cognitive aspects related to disease and, to a lesser extent, alleviate their physiological symptoms. Both children and adolescents with cancer were represented in the academic literature. The most prevalent findings described in these studies were the benefits of music therapy in terms of improved psychological well-being and social relationships in this population. CONCLUSIONS: Music therapy interventions are generally well received, not only by children and adolescents with cancer, but also by their families, music therapists, and health professionals. Nevertheless, several gaps were identified in some of the studies we considered, including a lack of specificity regarding the results obtained or music therapy intervention methods used.

Photovoice and dramatisation in the classroom with nursing students: An exploratory study to raise awareness of the cultural and social dimensions of violence against women.

BACKGROUND: Active teaching methodologies that incorporate students' feelings and beliefs and encourage them to reflect upon and critically think about certain variables, are extremely useful to teachers. OBJECTIVE: To explore the potential of dramatisation and photovoice technologies as instruments to stimulate nursing students to reflect upon violence against women in society, thereby encouraging critical thinking and debate in a participatory way. DESIGN: This was a qualitative, descriptive-exploratory study which used the participatory action research approach. PARTICIPANTS: Forty fourth-year students enrolled in the Nursing undergraduate degree at the University of Alicante in Spain. METHODS: The photovoice technique was used to record images from a dramatisation which served as the basis to represent scenes from the everyday life of people who are subjected to physical and psychological violence. These photographs were then debated and analysed by the students. We used MAXQDA® software and the guidelines published by Giorgi to aid our data analysis. RESULTS: Four main categories emerged; the 'violence against women'. The 'victim' and 'abuser' categories considered 'emotions', 'feelings', 'attitudes', and 'behaviours'. The fourth category that emerged was 'social viewpoints'. CONCLUSIONS: Photovoice-dramatisation raised awareness among the students and allowed them to reflect upon these behaviours and to critically think about the cultural and social dimensions of violence against women. The use of both of these techniques in practical and theoretical contexts to train students can help to nurture social commitment when faced with this problem.

Dataset for estimation of muscle Dysmorphia in individuals from Colombia.

This paper presents data collected through a questionnaire for the estimation of body dysmorphic disorder known as vigorexy, weight level and levels of exercise dependence in individuals from Barranquilla, Colombia who attend local gyms, based on their physical activity, food supplements eating habits, psychological pressure, and risk of muscle dysmorphia. The Data contains 8 tributes and 200 records; labelling obesity range according to WHO into normal, overweight or obesity. All data was collected in person and directly from users. This data can be used to generate scientific research and intelligent computational tools to identify the obesity level and muscle dysmorphia risk of an individual and to build recommender systems that monitor health and mental status.

Adequacy of Parenteral Nutrition in Preterm Infants According to Current Recommendations: A Study in A Spanish Hospital.

BACKGROUND: In preterm infants, it is important to ensure adequate nutritional intake to accomplish foetal growth requirements. This study evaluated clinical practice regarding the prescription of parenteral nutrition in preterm infants in the neonatology unit of a tertiary hospital. METHODS: It was a retrospective observational study of a sample of preterm infants (n = 155) born between January 2015 and December 2017 who were prescribed parenteral nutrition. Compliance with the hospital's protocol and with the guidelines of the scientific societies American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN), European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) and Spanish Society of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (SENPE) was evaluated. The differences in macronutrient intake and total duration of parenteral nutrition were analysed according to gestational age and birth weight. RESULTS: The established protocol was followed in a high percentage (95.5%-100%) except with respect to the initiation of supplying established trace elements (64.9%). Compliance with the recommendations set forth in the guidelines was between 82.1% and 100%, with the exception of the initial carbohydrate intake recommended by ASPEN and ESPEN, for which compliance was 8.3%. Lower gestational age and birth weight were correlated with longer duration of parenteral nutrition (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: A lower gestational age and birth weight are related to a longer duration of parenteral nutrition. The results of this study demonstrate the importance of developing and evaluating protocols in clinical practice.

Tratamiento dietético-nutricional de un trabajador con riesgo cardiovascular en el ámbito universitario / Nutritional treatment for cardiovascular risk in a university worker

Se presenta el caso de un profesor de 47 años, no fumador, con riesgo-cardiovascular (RCV) moderado (2%) según HeartScore: obesidad (Índice-masa-muscular: 32,8 kg/m2); índice cintura-cadera: 1,08, tensión-arterial alta: 150/101mmHg, hipercolesterolemia: 223 mg/dl. La anamnesis-alimentaria inicial (2016) muestra consumo: 2100 kcal/día (distribuidas en 24% proteínas, 45% grasas, 31% carbohidratos) y, potasio (51%) y vitamina-D (42%) bajos; consume 2 bebidas-alcohólicas/semana. El tratamiento dietético consistió en 2500kcal/día (distribuidas en 14% proteína, 32% grasas, 51% carbohidratos) y aumento vitamina-D (10,50 μg/día), basado en directrices de la Guía Europea de Prevención Cardiovascular. Después de 1 año de tratamiento se mostraron cambios favorables: Índice-masa-muscular (30,5 kg/m2), índice cintura-cadera (0,98), tensión-arterial (128/90mmHg) evidenciados por datos bioquímicos y dietéticos. Este artículo presenta aspectos relevantes de una intervención dietético-nutricional individualizada de factores de RCV en el ámbito laboral y destacan las competencias del dietista-nutricionista y la coordinación del Servicio-Prevención-universitario como activos de salud comunitarios, para revertir parámetros de RCV especialmente antropométricos y tensión-arterial

We present the case of a 47 year old nonsmoking university professor with moderate cardiovascular risk (CVR) (2%) according to HeartS-core: obesity (body mass index, 32.8kg/m2); waist-to-hip ratio: 1.08; high blood pressure, 150/101 mmHg; and hypercholesterolemia: 223 mg/dL). The initial food inventory (2016) showed a consumption pattern of 2100 kcal/day (24% proteins, 45% fats, 31% carbohydrates); low intake of potassium (51%) and vitamin-D (42%); consumption of two alcoholic drinks/ per week. Dietary treatment consisted of 2500 kcal/day (distributed as 14% protein, 32% fat, 51% carbohydrates), and increased vitamin D intake (10.50 μg/day), following the European Cardiovascular Prevention Guide. Favorable changes were apparent after one year of treatment: body mass index (30.5kg/m2), waist-to-hip ratio (0.98), blood pressure (128/90mmHg), supported by laboratory and dietary data. This article presents relevant aspects of an individualized nutritional intervention targeting CVR factors in the workplace. It highlights the competencies of the dietitian and the coordination of the university-based occupational health service as community health assets, to revert CVR parameters, especially anthropometric and blood pressure data

[Nutritional treatment for cardiovascular risk in a university worker]. / Tratamiento dietético-nutricional de un trabajador con riesgo cardiovascular en el ámbito universitario.

We present the case of a 47 year old nonsmoking university professor with moderate cardiovascular risk (CVR) (2%) according to HeartScore: obesity (body mass index, 32.8kg/m2); waist-to-hip ratio:1.08; high blood pressure, 150/101 mmHg; and hypercholesterolemia: 223 mg/ dL). The initial food inventory (2016) showed a consumption pattern of 2100 kcal/day (24% proteins, 45% fats, 31% carbohydrates); low intake of potassium (51%) and vitamin-D (42%); consumption of two alcoholic drinks/ per week. Dietary treatment consisted of 2500 kcal/day (distributed as 14% protein, 32% fat, 51% carbohydrates), and increased vitamin D intake (10.50 µg/day), following the European Cardiovascular Prevention Guide. Favorable changes were apparent after one year of treatment: body mass index (30.5kg/m2), waist-to-hip ratio (0.98), blood pressure (128/90mmHg), supported by laboratory and dietary data. This article presents relevant aspects of an individualized nutritional intervention targeting CVR factors in the workplace. It highlights the competencies of the dietitian and the coordination of the universitybased occupational health service as community health assets, to revert CVR parameters, especially anthropometric and blood pressure data.

Se presenta el caso de un profesor de 47 años, no fumador, con riesgo-cardiovascular (RCV) moderado (2%) según HeartScore: obesidad (Índice-masa-muscular: 32,8kg/m2); índice cintura-cadera: 1,08, tensión-arterial alta: 150/101mmHg, hipercolesterolemia: 223mg/dl. La anamnesis-alimentaria inicial (2016) muestra consumo: 2100kcal/día (distribuidas en 24% proteínas, 45% grasas, 31% carbohidratos) y, potasio (51%) y vitamina-D (42%) bajos; consume 2 bebidas-alcohólicas/semana. El tratamiento dietético consistió en 2500kcal/día competencias del dietista-nutricionista y la coordinación del Servicio-Prevención-universitario como activos de salud comunitarios, para revertir parámetros de RCV especialmente antropométricos y tensión-arterial.

New ways for nursing inspired by the works of Michel de Certeau.

The focus of this article is the life and work of the French thinker Michel de Certeau, here presented as a philosopher of special interest for nursing. Although in some countries he is relatively unknown, international authors from scientific disciplines regard his texts as a fundamental source in the opening of new intellectual perspectives on current global problems. Some nurses have also considered his ideas as a useful aid for reflecting on their professional activities, and their most important research is cited. Over these pages, we also examine how Certeau's work can enrich nursing philosophy in regard to three specific issues: resistance practices in nursing in the face of pressure from health institutions; the social configuration of nursing knowledge; and the importance of the body in current nursing practice.

Percepción de embarazadas y matronas acerca de los consejos nutricionales durante la gestación.

Introducción: el estado nutricional previo de la embarazada, la adecuada ganancia de peso y la ingesta de ciertos nutrientes pueden tener una influencia importante tanto para la madre como para el recién nacido, a corto y largo plazo. Las recomendaciones de la Organización Mundial de la Salud son transmitidas durante el control del embarazo por la matrona.Objetivos: analizar los principales estudios sobre la percepción de las embarazadas acerca de los consejos nutricionales recibidos e identificar las estrategias utilizadas por las matronas para su implementación.Metodología: búsqueda bibliográfica sobre embarazadas de bajo riesgo controladas por matronas y que reciben consejos nutricionales realizada en WOS, CINHAL y PubMed. Se utilizaron los descriptores: pregnancy, pregnant, midwife, counselling, nutritiony sus diferentes combinaciones. Los criterios de inclusión fueron artículos originales y revisiones en inglés, español o portugués de los últimos diez años y disponibles en texto completo.Resultados: se encontraron 184 referencias. Solo 11 tratan el tema abordado. Existen múltiples artículos con consejos nutricionales en el embarazo, pero muy pocos que incluyan estrategias educativas implementadas por las matronas que aborden recomendaciones dietético-nutricionales y su utilidad.Conclusión: existen escasos estudios que investiguen los conocimientos que las matronas tienen sobre nutrición en el embarazo y los consejos que aportan sobre el tema. Igualmente sucede con los trabajos que estudian la percepción que tienen las gestantes sobre los consejos nutricionales recibidos.

Percepción de embarazadas y matronas acerca de los consejos nutricionales durante la gestación / Pregnant’s and midwives perception about nutrional councils during pregnancy

Introducción: el estado nutricional previo de la embarazada, la adecuada ganancia de peso y la ingesta de ciertos nutrientes pueden tener una influencia importante tanto para la madre como para el recién nacido, a corto y largo plazo. Las recomendaciones de la Organización Mundial de la Salud son transmitidas durante el control del embarazo por la matrona. Objetivos: analizar los principales estudios sobre la percepción de las embarazadas acerca de los consejos nutricionales recibidos e identificar las estrategias utilizadas por las matronas para su implementación. Metodología: búsqueda bibliográfica sobre embarazadas de bajo riesgo controladas por matronas y que reciben consejos nutricionales realizada en WOS, CINHAL y PubMed. Se utilizaron los descriptores: pregnancy, pregnant, midwife, counselling, nutrition y sus diferentes combinaciones. Los criterios de inclusión fueron artículos originales y revisiones en inglés, español o portugués de los últimos diez años y disponibles en texto completo. Resultados: se encontraron 184 referencias. Solo 11 tratan el tema abordado. Existen múltiples artículos con consejos nutricionales en el embarazo, pero muy pocos que incluyan estrategias educativas implementadas por las matronas que aborden recomendaciones dietéticonutricionales y su utilidad. Conclusión: existen escasos estudios que investiguen los conocimientos que las matronas tienen sobre nutrición en el embarazo y los consejos que aportan sobre el tema. Igualmente sucede con los trabajos que estudian la percepción que tienen las gestantes sobre los consejos nutricionales recibidos (AU)

Background: Women’s nutritional status, the suitable profit of weight and the ingestion of certain nutrients may have an important influence in health both for the mother and newborn in a short and long term. World Health Organization gives a number of nutritional recommendations which are transmitted during the pregnant women antenatal care by their midwives. Objectives: To analyze the main studies on the understanding of the pregnant women about the nutritional received councils and to identify the strategies used by the midwives for theirs implementation. Methodology: Literature review for low risk pregnant’s conducted by midwives and receiving nutritional councils in Web of Science (WOS), CINAHL and PubMed. Using descriptors such as: pregnancy, pregnant, midwife, counselling, nutrition and their different combinations. The criteria incorporation was original article and review written in English, Spanish or Portuguese of last ten years and available in complete. Results: 184 references were found. Finally, only 11 focused on the issue addressed. There are multiple items with nutritional advice in pregnancy but a few that include educational strategies implemented by midwives to address dietary and nutritional recommendations and usefulness. Conclusion: Only a few studies researchs the midwives’ knowledge about nutrition in pregnancy and the councils that they transmit to pregnants. In the same way, not many papers treats the pregnant perception about nutritional councils (AU)

Immigration experience of Latin American working women in Alicante, Spain: an ethnographic study.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the experience of Latin American working women regarding immigration, taking into account the expectations and conditions in which this process takes place. METHOD: Ethnographic qualitative study. Data collection was performed by means of semi-structured interviews with 24 Latin American immigrant women in Spain. The information collected was triangulated through two focal groups. RESULTS: The expectations of migrant women focus on improving family living conditions. Social support is essential for their settling and to perform daily life activities. They declare they have adapted to the settlement country, although they live with stress. They perceive they have greater sexual freedom and power with their partners but keep greater responsibility in childcare, combining that with the role of working woman. CONCLUSIONS: Migrant women play a key role in the survival of households, they build and create new meanings about being a woman, their understanding of life, their social and couple relationships. Such importance is shaped by their expectations and the conditions in which the migration process takes place, as well as their work integration.

Immigration experience of Latin American working women in Alicante, Spain: an ethnographic study / Experiência da imigração da mulher latina trabalhadora em Alicante, Espanha - estudo etnográfico / Experiencia de la inmigración de la mujer latina trabajadora en Alicante, España. Un estudio etnográfico

OBJECTIVE: to describe the experience of Latin American working women regarding immigration, taking into account the expectations and conditions in which this process takes place. METHOD: ethnographic qualitative study. Data collection was performed by means of semi-structured interviews with 24 Latin American immigrant women in Spain. The information collected was triangulated through two focal groups. RESULTS: the expectations of migrant women focus on improving family living conditions. Social support is essential for their settling and to perform daily life activities. They declare they have adapted to the settlement country, although they live with stress. They perceive they have greater sexual freedom and power with their partners but keep greater responsibility in childcare, combining that with the role of working woman. CONCLUSIONS: migrant women play a key role in the survival of households, they build and create new meanings about being a woman, their understanding of life, their social and couple relationships. Such importance is shaped by their expectations and the conditions in which the migration process takes place, as well as their work integration. .

OBJETIVO: descrever a experiência da mulher latina trabalhadora no contexto da imigração, considerando as expectativas e as condições em que ocorre esse processo. MÉTODO: corresponde a estudo qualitativo de cunho etnográfico. A coleta de dados foi realizada através de entrevistas semiestruturadas com 24 mulheres imigrantes, na Espanha. As informações recolhidas foram analisadas por meio de dois grupos focais. RESULTADOS: as expectativas das mulheres migrantes focalizam a melhoria das condições da vida familiar. O apoio social é essencial para a residência e o desempenho das atividades da vida diária. Consideram-se adaptadas ao país de residência, embora admitam viver com stress. Veem-se como tendo maior liberdade sexual e maior poder na vida de casadas, mantendo, no entanto, maior responsabilidade no cuidado das crianças, faceta essa que se une ao papel de mulheres trabalhadoras. CONCLUSÕES: as mulheres migrantes desempenham papel central na sobrevivência das famílias, constroem e produzem novos significados sobre o que é ser mulher, a sua concepção de vida, as relações sociais e a vida a dois. Tais significados são determinados pelas expectativas e condições em que o processo de migração ocorre, assim como a sua inserção laboral. .

OBJETIVO: describir la experiencia de la mujer latina trabajadora de la inmigración, considerando las expectativas y condiciones en que se da este proceso. MÉTODO: correponde a un estudio cualitativo de corte etnográfico. La recolección de datos se realizó a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas a 24 mujeres latinas inmigrantes en España. Se trianguló la información recogida a través de dos grupos focales. RESULTADOS: las expectativas de las mujeres migrantes se enfocan en mejorar las condiciones de vida familiar. El apoyo social es fundamental para su asentamiento y para el desempeño de actividades de la vida diaria. Refieren estar adaptadas en el país de asentamiento, aunque viven con estrés. Se perciben con mayor libertad sexual y poder con sus parejas pero mantienen una mayor responsabilidad en el cuidado de los hijos, aunado al rol de mujer trabajadora. CONCLUSIONES: las mujeres migrantes juegan un papel central en la supervivencia de los hogares, construyen y crean nuevos significados acerca de ser mujer, su concepción de la vida, las relaciones sociales y de pareja. Tal significación está moldeada por las expectativas y las condiciones en que se da el proceso migratorio, así como su inserción laboral. .

La relación de ayuda en el campo de la enseñanza - aprendizaje / A relação de ajuda área de ensino e aprendizagem / The aid relationship in the of teaching and learning

A través de un análisis retrospectivo acerca de las características educativas de la enseñanza de enfermería, se plantea una reflexión acerca del tipo de aprendizaje promovido desde una práctica docente universitaria ad hoc y cómo ello ha influido en la formación de enfermería. Se esbozan algunos planteamientos sobre el cambio de mentalidad que ha estado ocurriendo dentro de las escuelas de enfermería, mediante la promoción de nuevas formas de enseñar y de aprender, que dan valor al protagonismo del estudiante, con el fin de lograr su desarrollo integral. Se plantea la construcción del aprendizaje facilitado a través de la relación de ayuda, concepción ética y creativa del proceso de construcción del conocimiento profesional (AU)

Through a retrospective analysis on the educational characteristics of nursing education, there is a reflection on the type of learning promoted from an ad hoc university teaching practice and how it has influenced nursing education. It outlines some perspectives about change in mentality that has been occurring in nursing schools, by promoting new forms of teaching and learning, from which value the role of the student in order to achieve their full development. It proposes the construction of facilitated learning through the aid relationship, ethical and creative design of the constructive process of professional knowledge (AU)

Através de uma análise retrospectiva sobre as características educacionais de ensino de enfermagem, propõe-se uma reflexão sobre o tipo de aprendizagem promovido desde uma prática docente universitária ad hoc e comoisso tem influenciado o ensino da enfermagem. Descreve-se algumas perspectivas sobrea mudança de mentalidade que vem ocorrendo nas escolas de enfermagem, promovendo novas formas de ensino e aprendizagem, que valorizam o papel do aluno, a fim de alcançar o seu pleno desenvolvimento. Propõe-se aconstrução de aprendizagem facilitado através da relação de ajuda, concepção ética e criativado processo de construção do conhecimento profissional (AU)

Visibilidad de la disciplina enfermera: el factor mediático de la investigación / Visibility of nursing discipline: the media factor research

Se plantea este artículo teniendo como premisa que la investigación, contribuye a la reflexión interna de cada disciplina y justifica el avance de la ciencia. A partir de tal condición, se contextualiza la investigación en el ámbito académico y práctico de la Enfermería. La revisión prosigue, analizando el aporte de los estudios de postgrado y de los proyectos de investigación desarrollados, los cuales ofrecen la posibilidad de mejorar las prácticas actuales de enfermería. En este punto, la formación doctoral es una opción, que permite afianzar la preparación profesional y personal a través de la adquisición de habilidades y actitudes de carácter investigativo, ahondando en la profundización disciplinar y la reflexión teórica. Finalmente, y con todos los elementos expuestos, se da a conocer algunos de los principales obstáculos y preocupaciones que deben enfrentar los profesionales de enfermería cuando deciden investigar y/o ajustar las perspectivas conceptuales a la práctica en pos de los resultados (AU)

This article takes the premise that research contributes to the internal reflection of each discipline and justifies the advance of science. From such condition, research is contextualized in academic and practical nursing. The review continues by analyzing the contribution of graduate studies and developed research projects, which offer the possibility of improving current nursing practices. At this point, doctoral training is an option, which allows a strengthening of professional and personal development through the acquisition of skills and investigative understanding, delving deeper into disciplinary and theoretical reflection. Finally, in addition to all the above, we explain some of the major obstacles and concerns faced by nurses when they decide to investigate and/or adjust the conceptual outlook towards practical results (AU)

The experience of hospitalized children regarding their interactions with nursing professionals / A experiência de crianças hospitalizadas sobre sua interação com os profissionais de enfermagem / La experiencia de los niños hospitalizados acerca de su interacción con los profesionales de enfermería

The aim of this study is to describe the experience of children in their interactions with nursing professionals while in hospital. It is a qualitative study supported by the critical incident technique. Data was collected through participant observation and semi-structured interviews with thirty hospitalized children and teenagers between 8 and 14 years old. The results showed that children positively valued nursing care at the hospital and recognized that interactions with nursing staff included social and emotional factors. It is concluded that communication established with children plays a fundamental role to comprehend their experiences while in hospital. Therefore, nurses need to evaluate their strategies and relational skills used to interact with children at the hospital.

O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a experiência da criança na interação com os profissionais de Enfermagem, durante a internação hospitalar. Trata-se de estudo qualitativo, fundamentado na técnica do incidente crítico. A coleta de dados realizou-se através da observação participante e de entrevistas semiestruturadas, com trinta crianças e adolescentes hospitalizados, tendo de 8 a 14 anos de idade. Os resultados mostram que as crianças avaliam positivamente o cuidado de Enfermagem no hospital, e reconhecem que as interações com os profissionais dessa área abrangem conteúdo afetivo e social. Conclui-se que a comunicação estabelecida com as crianças desempenha papel fundamental na compreensão que conseguem a respeito da experiência hospitalar, sendo necessária a avaliação das estratégias de Enfermagem, bem como das habilidades relacionais usadas para interagir com as crianças, no hospital.

El objetivo de este estudio es describir la experiencia del niño en la interacción con los profesionales de enfermería durante su estancia hospitalaria. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo fundamentado bajo la técnica del incidente crítico. La recolección de los datos se realizó mediante la observación participante y entrevistas semiestructuradas a treinta niños y adolescentes hospitalizados, con edades comprendidas entre 8-14 años. Los resultados muestran que los niños valoran positivamente el cuidado de enfermería en el hospital y reconocen que las interacciones con los profesionales de enfermería abarcan todo un contenido afectivo y social. Se concluye que la comunicación que se establece con los niños juega un papel fundamental en la comprensión que elaboran de la experiencia hospitalaria, por tanto es necesario en enfermería evaluar las estrategias y habilidades relacionales empleadas para interactuar con los niños en el hospital.

The experience of hospitalized children regarding their interactions with nursing professionals.

The aim of this study is to describe the experience of children in their interactions with nursing professionals while in hospital. It is a qualitative study supported by the critical incident technique. Data was collected through participant observation and semi-structured interviews with thirty hospitalized children and teenagers between 8 and 14 years old. The results showed that children positively valued nursing care at the hospital and recognized that interactions with nursing staff included social and emotional factors. It is concluded that communication established with children plays a fundamental role to comprehend their experiences while in hospital. Therefore, nurses need to evaluate their strategies and relational skills used to interact with children at the hospital.

Reflexiones sobre la práctica enfermera: una aproximación teórica-vivencial desde la perspectiva de la interacción intercultural / Reflections on the nursing practice: A theoretical-experiential approach from the perspective of the intercultural interaction

Este ejercicio reflexivo expone cómo, históricamente, la competencia técnica es predominante en la atención sanitaria cuya evidencia queda explícita en el comportamiento enfermero a través de los discursos y conductas culturales en salud. Se analiza el concepto de interacción cultural en dos casos prácticos vividos con población infantil. Para Colombia: Nativos raizales, y en Chile: Población indígena Aymara. Se construye un paralelismo entre ambas situaciones que permite hacer una aproximación teórica y vivencial que analiza los factores implícitos en la interacción dialógica establecida entre profesional de enfermería y paciente. Se evidencian los vacíos presentes en la actuación profesional, específicamente, la falta de reconocimiento o aceptación hacia las costumbres y valores culturales del ser humano. Se necesita hacer un acercamiento comprensivo a las raíces culturales. Y profundizar en el componente cultural - humanístico que considere las representaciones simbólicas del paciente al proceso salud-enfermedad (AU)

This reflective exercise exposes how technical competition is historically predominant in Sanitary Attention whose evidence is explicit in nursing behavior through health speeches and cultural conducts. The cultural interaction concept is analyzed in two practical cases with infant population: In Colombia: Raizales Natives, and in Chile: the Indigenous population Aymara. A parallelism between both situations is built, which allows making a theoretical and experiential approach to analyze the implicit factors in the dialogic interaction established between nursing professional and patient. Deficiencies in the current professional performance are shown, specifically, the lack of acknowledgement and/or acceptation of cultural customs and values of human beings. A comprehensive approach to the cultural roots of human beings is needed. Going into the cultural-humanistic component in depth that considers the symbolic representations of the patient in the health-sickness process is also necessary (AU)

La Técnica del Incidente Crítico y sus implicaciones en el desarrollo de la investigación en enfermería / The critical incident technique and its implications in the development of the nursing research

En este artículo pretende describir, a manera introductoria, la aplicabilidad que tiene la técnica del incidente crítico, como herramienta de investigación cualitativa. A su vez explora el valor que desde sus inicios diversas disciplinas le han atribuido a la técnica para recolectar y analizar datos cualitativos. Su reconocimiento actual está basado en que la técnica permite comprender algunos componentes que pueden estar siendo valorados como “críticos” dentro de una actividad determinada. Se ha considerado que la técnica posee a nivel metodológico propiedades tales como practicidad, flexibilidad, versatilidad y efectividad en su aplicación. En esta breve disertación sobre la técnica, se describen las características generales de la técnica, sus atributos, aplicaciones y los aportes potenciales y reales que su utilización tiene en la investigación científica y el conocimento disciplinar de enfermería

This article describes, in an introductory way, the applicability that the critical incident technique has, as a qualitative research tool. It also explores the value that has been attributed to the technique by diverse disciplines to recollect and analyze qualitative data. Its current acknowledgment is based on the fact that the technique allows to understand some components that can been valued as “critical” among a given activity. It’s been considered that the technique has in the methodological level properties such as practicability, flexibility, versatility, and effectiveness in its application. In this brief dissertation about the technique, it’s described the general characteristics of the technique, its attributes, applications, and the potential and real contributions that its use has in the scientific research and the disciplinary knowledge of nursery