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J Pediatr ; 160(3): 402-408.e1, 2012 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22000302

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To assess speech abilities in adolescents born preterm and investigate whether there is an association between specific speech deficits and brain abnormalities. STUDY DESIGN: Fifty adolescents born prematurely (<33 weeks' gestation) with a spectrum of brain injuries were recruited (mean age, 16 years). Speech examination included tests of speech-sound processing and production and speech and oromotor control. Conventional magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion-weighted imaging was acquired in all adolescents born preterm and 30 term-born control subjects. Radiological ratings of brain injury were recorded and the integrity of the primary motor projections was measured (corticospinal tract and speech-motor corticobulbar tract [CST/CBT]). RESULTS: There were no clinical diagnoses of developmental dysarthria, dyspraxia, or a speech-sound disorder, but difficulties in speech and oromotor control were common. A regression analysis revealed that presence of a neurologic impairment, and diffusion-weighted imaging abnormalities in the left CST/CBT were significant independent predictors of poor speech and oromotor outcome. These left-lateralized abnormalities were most evident at the level of the posterior limb of the internal capsule. CONCLUSION: Difficulties in speech and oromotor control are common in adolescents born preterm, and adolescents with injury to the CST/CBT pathways in the left-hemisphere may be most at risk.


Assuntos
Lesão Encefálica Crônica/complicações , Nascimento Prematuro , Tratos Piramidais/patologia , Distúrbios da Fala/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Lesão Encefálica Crônica/patologia , Lesão Encefálica Crônica/fisiopatologia , Imagem de Difusão por Ressonância Magnética , Seguimentos , Perda Auditiva/etiologia , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Desempenho Psicomotor , Distúrbios da Fala/etiologia , Distúrbios da Fala/fisiopatologia , Percepção da Fala , Medida da Produção da Fala
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