RESUMO
The article contains data on radiation situation in Moscow region, characteristics of overall beta-activity of ambient air, fall-out density, radionuclide contents of foods. Radionuclides content of environment appeared to decrease by 2-3 orders. Individual doses of internal irradiation for Moscow population are 100 times lower than the levels legally set for technogenic sources.
Assuntos
Contaminação Radioativa do Ar , Contaminação Radioativa de Alimentos , Monitoramento de Radiação , Cinza Radioativa , Radioisótopos de Césio/análise , Acidente Nuclear de Chernobyl , China , Desastres , França , Humanos , Moscou , Reatores Nucleares , Doses de Radiação , Liberação Nociva de Radioativos , Federação Russa , Radioisótopos de Estrôncio/análise , U.R.S.S. , Ucrânia , Reino Unido , Estados UnidosRESUMO
The results of assessing the radiation situation due to global fallouts, obtained from measurement of 137Cs and 90Sr in over 400 samples from natural environmental objects in Moscow in 1979-1999 have indicated that the levels of the substances in the atmospheric fallouts are in agreement with the mean Russian levels and the mean annual activity of these radionuclides in the ambient air are 6 orders lower than the allowable values laid down in NRB-99. In Moscow, the mean effective dose of external exposure to natural and cosmogenic radionuclides is no greater than 1 m3v a year. The individual effective doses of internal and external exposures of the population to global fallouts averages 13 mu k3v a year.
Assuntos
Monitoramento de Radiação , Poluentes Radioativos do Ar , Radioisótopos de Césio , Contaminação Radioativa de Alimentos , Humanos , Moscou , Monitoramento de Radiação/normas , Estações do Ano , Radioisótopos de Estrôncio , Poluentes Radioativos da ÁguaAssuntos
Contaminação Radioativa de Alimentos , Radioisótopos de Césio/análise , Contaminação Radioativa de Alimentos/análise , Concentração Máxima Permitida , Modelos Teóricos , Centrais Elétricas , Liberação Nociva de Radioativos , Federação Russa , Sibéria , Poluentes Radioativos do Solo , Radioisótopos de Estrôncio/análise , UcrâniaRESUMO
The authors provide the results of studying 137Cs and 90Sr pollution of soil, plants and milk in the Gomel region in 1986-1989. Describe the dynamics of the ratios soil-grass and milk-soil during that period. The content of 137Cs in milk ranged from n.10(-10) to n.10(-7) Ci/l in polluted regions and from n.10(-10)-n.10(-9) Ci/l in the so-called pure regions. In all the regions examined, the concentration of 90Sr in milk was far lower than that of 137Cs. After the accident the levels of 137Cs in milk rose 18-350-fold and those of 90Sr 3-16-fold on the average in the regions. One can observe a progressive decrease of the ratios of accumulation in the grass-soil and milk-soil systems and a decline of the concentration of 137Cs and 90Sr in milk. However, the percentage of samples with an increase of the temporarily permissible in 1988 levels of cesium radionuclides was fairly high in 1989 in certain regions: in the Vetkovsk region, it was 35.3%, in the Chechersky region, it was 28.0%. During 1987-1989, the concentration of 90Sr in milk did not exceed 1 x 10(-9) Ci/l in the areas examined. The broad range of the indicators of milk pollution with 137Cs and 90Sr is specified by varying density of the area pollution, differences in the physicochemical status of radionuclides in accident fall-outs, and geochemical characteristics of the soil sheet.
