RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Globally, prostate cancer (PCa) accounts for 6.6% of deaths, while in South Africa (SA), PCa accounts for 13% of deaths in males, with over 4 000 SA men diagnosed with PCa annually. This may be attributed to the inadequate availability of screening, early detection and possibly other socioeconomic and lifestyle factors. OBJECTIVES: To determine the factors associated with knowledge and perceptions of PCa among men in the Tshwane district. METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted between August 2022 and June 2023 in a study population of men, ≥18 years, residing in Tshwane district located in Gauteng, South Africa. RESULTS: In this study, 91.7% of the subjects responded that they had heard about PCa, while 11% thought they might be at risk for having PCa. While 93.7% of the respondents reported that they had never tested for PCa, 98.3% said that if they were offered the opportunity to test voluntarily, they would agree to test for PCa. There was a significant association between age and knowledge of PCa (p≤0.001). There was also a significant association between perception of PCa and smoking (p=0.034), age (p=0.035) and level of education (p=0.04). CONCLUSION: This study shows significant associations between age and level of education with knowledge, perception and awareness of PCa. Educational campaigns targeting diverse age and education groups are recommended, along with smoking cessation programmes, improved PCa screening access, tailored messaging, healthcare collaborations, and cultural sensitivity to enhance awareness and early detection.