[Antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori in the European part of the Russian Federation: first results].

AIM: Determine the primary antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) strains isolated from patients living in the European part of the Russian Federation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: As part of a clinical laboratory study, from 2015 to 2018, 27 gastrobiopsy samples obtained from H. pylori-infected patients were analyzed. H. pylori infection was verified using a rapid urease test or a 13C-urea breath test. The values of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antibiotics were determined by the diffusion method using E-test strips (BioMerieux, France) according to the recommendations of the manufacturer. The sensitivity of the isolates was determined for 6 antibacterial drugs (amoxicillin, clarithromycin, metronidazole, levofloxacin, tetracycline, rifampicin). RESULTS: According to the data obtained, resistance to amoxicillin was 0%, clarithromycin 11.1%, metronidazole 59.3%, levofloxacin 3.7%, tetracycline 0%, and rifampicin 14.8%. Dual resistance to clarithromycin and metronidazole was recorded in two isolates (7.4%). CONCLUSION: Thus, the first results of the evaluation of H. pylori antibiotic resistance in the European part of the Russian Federation indicate a low resistance of the microorganism to clarithromycin and quite high to metronidazole.

[Pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor gene N34S mutation in patients with idiopathic chronic pancreatitis].

PURPOSE: To determine the frequency and prognostic significance of mutation N34S in the development of CP in a mixed Russian population. METHODS: The study included 83 patients with idiopathic CP and 103 healthy individuals. The diagnosis of CP was based on clinical and instrumental data in accordance with the criteria of M-ANNHEIM. Everyone involved in this study using PCR followed by restriction analysis performed the N34S mutation analysis in the gene for the ICU. RESULTS: N34S mutation was detected in 12 patients with CP and in 3 of the control group, which accounted for 14.6 and 2.9% respectively; p<0,05. The odds ratio (OR) of idiopathic CP in the presence of mutation N34S was 4.62 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1,21-18,37). The difference in frequency of homozygotes the mutant allele was statistically significant: 10.97 and 0.97% in the main and control groups, respectively; p<0,05. The presence of mutations did not affect the frequency and severity of functional disorders of the pancreas, but the mutation N34S was statistically significantly more common in patients with calcifying pancreatitis (p<0,01) and the presence of pseudocysts (p<0,05). OR the development of calcification in patients with the presence of N345 was 13.44 (95% CI: 6,29-23,78). CONCLUSION: These data suggest that the mutation N34S plays a significant role in the development of CP in the Russian population and can detect more than 10% of cases of idiopathic CP.

[Assessment of gastrointestinal toxicity at patients with breast cancer receiving Taksans chemotherapy and doxorubicin].

UNLABELLED: The aim--assessment of gastrointestinal toxicity frequency of damaged mucosa of the colon. Type of study. A retrospective multicenter case-control study on the model of neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Over the period 1993-2003 gg. were surveyed 1643 women (average age 52.3 +/- 2.8 years). RESULTS: It was revealed that the frequency of acute inflammatory and destructive changes in the mucous membrane of the colon in the course of chemotherapy was 13.6%. Frequency of sharp changes in the mucosa of the colon recording was increased almost in 10 times the rate of neoadjuvant to adjuvant that may be related to the cumulative effect of cytostatics. Revealed a higher incidence of toxicity in patients with a history of functional pathology of the intestine, which reached 22.7%. In these patients, the trigger mechanism of toxicity was the beginning of chemotherapy, and no increase in cumulative dose. All patients with inflammatory bowel disease had reported clinical signs of relapse during treatment. Noted a direct correlation between the severity of diarrhea and the severity of rectal (colitis). CONCLUSION: Damage to mucous membrane of the colon occurs often, growing over time (from course to course), to a greater extent in patients with diarrheal syndrome.

[Polymorphism of cytochrome P-450 gene in the light of Helicobacter pylori eradication efficiency].

Recent studies of cytochrome P-450 gene polymorphism showed that it may influence the outcome of treatment of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection. The literature data concerning effects of genetic factors on the results of eradication therapy of peptic ulcer in the Russian population are scarce and the problem needs further investigation. The aim of this work was to examine CYP2C19 polymorphism in a mixed population of the city and region of Moscow and evaluate its effect on the efficiency of eradication therapy of Hp infection. The prospective study of a cohort of 82 patients with Hp-induced gastric and duodenal ulcers examined in conformity with the current health care standards. All the patients received first line eradication therapy during 7 days. Its efficiency was found to be dependent on CYP2C19 polymorphism among other factors.

[Interleukin-1beta gene polymorphism as a predictor of eradication treatment efficacy in gastric and duodenal ulcer associated with Helicobacter pylori].

The results of recent research that IL gene polymorphism powerfully affects the course and the resolve of HP infection and finally impacts its treatment. The present article into the problem of IL polymorphism impact on HP eradication therapy efficiency in ulcer disease. The presence of proinflammatory allele positively influences eradication therapy, which can be used for determining the risk groups and individualized eradication therapy.