RESUMO
Evidence of the importance of maternal nutrition during pregnancy is growing, and midwives are the healthcare professionals in charge of monitoring pregnancy. In the present review, the aim is therefore to look at the relevant contributions on midwifery and the role of midwifery in the provision of nutritional education. Searches were conducted on three databases-Medline, PubMed Central, and Web of Science-using two key search terms ("nutrition" and "midwives") and their synonyms, for an extensive set of results. The final selection consisted of 27 original papers, most of which concerned the nutritional knowledge of midwives, their training, and their views, attitudes, and practices within the field of nutrition. According to the findings, although the midwives considered nutritional education to be part of their role and they agreed on the importance of nutrition during pregnancy, their knowledge of this topic was poor, perhaps due to inadequate nutritional education during their midwifery training. Academic programs on midwifery must therefore be reviewed, so as to increase the workload of nutrition-related subjects, in order to reinforce the corresponding knowledge bases of future midwives. In addition, based on the success of the nutritional interventions discussed in the present review, these sorts of initiatives could be of utmost importance to improve the knowledge of practicing midwives. In any case, it must be highlighted that the available evidence discussed in this review was drawn from only a few countries around the world. Further studies involving midwives of varied origins are therefore needed. Such research would be of immense assistance in the design of the corresponding nutritional interventions in the field, so as to improve the health of pregnant women.
Assuntos
Tocologia , Terapia Nutricional , Gravidez , Feminino , Humanos , Tocologia/educação , Tocologia/métodos , Gestantes , Educação em Saúde , Encaminhamento e ConsultaRESUMO
OBJETIVO: revisar la evidencia científica referente a los cuidados de la placenta y a la seguridad del recién nacido en el nacimiento Lotus. MÉTODO: revisión narrativa. Se llevaron a cabo diferentes estrategias de búsqueda en las siguientes bases de datos y plataformas: Pubmed, Cochrane, Ovid, Scielo, Cuiden, Clinical key, BMJ, Metas de Enfermería y Google Scholar. Palabras usadas: Lotus birth, umbilical non severance, cord clamping, care, safety, nacimiento Lotus. Filtros: 2016-2020, sobre cuidados placenta y seguridad recién nacido, estudios epidemiológicos. RESULTADOS: se localizaron 169 documentos. Se seleccionaron seis artículos. En dos artículos se trataban los cuidados de la placenta que eran lavadas con agua tibia en las primeras horas, secadas y envueltas en paños de tejidos naturales, usando sales y hierbas aromáticas para acelerar el proceso de secado, y dejándola a la altura del recién nacido. En los otros cuatro documentos se describían seis casos de complicaciones infecciosas que se resolvieron con antibioterapia, en madres que habían presentado bolsa rota prolongada, cultivos vaginales positivos y ausencia de antibioterapia periparto. DISCUSIÓN: el Lotus birth es una práctica infrecuente, asociada tradicionalmente al parto domiciliario, que se va introduciendo en el medio hospitalario. Es escasa la evidencia disponible sobre los cuidados de la placenta en el nacimiento Lotus y la seguridad de esta práctica para los recién nacidos
OBJECTIVE: to review the scientific evidence regarding placenta care and newborn safety in Lotus Birth. METHODS: a narrative review. Different search strategies were conducted in the following databases and platforms: Pubmed, Cochrane, Ovid, Scielo, Cuiden, Clinical key, BMJ, Metas de Enfermería and Google Scholar. Terms used: Lotus Birth, umbilical non severance, cord clamping, care, safety, nacimiento lotus. Filters: 2016-2020, on placenta care and newborn safety, epidemiological studies. RESULTS: in total. 169 documents were located. Six articles were selected. Two articles discussed placenta care: they were washed with warm water during the first hours, dried and wrapped in natural fabric cloths, using salts and aromatic plants to accelerate the drying process, and placed at the same height as the newborn. The other four documents described six cases of infectious complications, which were solved with antibiotic therapy, in mothers who had presented prolonged broken sac, positive vaginal cultures, and lack of peripartal antibiotic therapy. DISCUSSION: Lotus Birth is a rare practice, traditionally associated with home births, which has been increasingly introduced in the hospital setting. There is limited evidence available about placenta care in Lotus Birth, and the safety of this practice for newborns