Survey of anthelmintic resistance in a Romanian horse stud using three different methods.

Resistance of cyathostomins to benzimidazole (BZ) anthelmintics is widespread in horses in many parts of the world. This study compared three methods for the determination of benzimidazole resistance of Cyathostominae in 18 horses from a stud farm in Romania. The horses were treated with Fenbendazole. The resistance test was performed by FECRT, ERP and PCR. On Day 0, larvae of species belonging to the Cyathostominae subfamily, types A, B, C, D and Gyalocephalus, as well as Strongylus vulgaris species of the Strongylinae subfamily, were identified. At 42 days post treatment with fenbendazole only larvae of Cyathostominae, types A and D were identified. Resistance to Fenbendazole was found in one horse, using the FECRT and ERP tests. Both genetic resistance and susceptibility to BZ anthelmintics was observed in 13 samples (72.22%) using the PCR test. However, three samples (16.67%) showed only the BZ-susceptibility gene. In 2 samples, (11.11%) only the resistance gene to BZ anthelmintics was identified. Several inconsistencies in the evidence of resistance to benzimidazole were observed between the PCR test and the other two methods, which indicates that several methods for determining and controlling the resistance should be used in practice.

A relativistic cybernetic model for the personality disorders caused by head injuries.

A mathematical model is used to demonstrate the personality disturbances caused by head injuries. A formal triontic model of personality was developed to express the effects of head injuries. The mathematical system theory (internal model principle) and the relativistic cybernetics are essentially used to explain how severe head injuries destroy the structural homeostasis of personality by influencing the non-cognitive elements via the cognitive elements. Attention is particularly paid to the communication processes between the personality and its external universe.

Gynandroblastoma of the ovary.

A left ovarian gynandroblastoma in a 24-year-old woman was clinically manifest by prolonged (7 years) amenorrheas interrupted by metrorrhagies, with moderate hypertrichosis is presented. An important urinary elimination of estrogens (1.500 gamma/24 h) and of 17-ketosteroids (25 gamma/24 h) with normal 17-OH and gonadotrophins were evidenced. The microscopic examination of the operated tumor showed structures of a granulous tumor intermingled with arrhenoblastomatous structures. Restoration of the patient's sexual biological conditions.