Electron- and proton-impact excitation of hydrogenlike uranium in relativistic collisions.

The K shell excitation of H-like uranium (U(91+)) in relativistic collisions with different gaseous targets has been studied at the experimental storage ring at GSI Darmstadt. By performing measurements with different targets as well as with different collision energies, we were able to observe for the first time the effect of electron-impact excitation (EIE) process in the heaviest hydrogenlike ion. The large fine-structure splitting in H-like uranium allowed us to unambiguously resolve excitation into different L shell levels. State-of-the-art calculations performed within the relativistic framework which include excitation mechanisms due to both protons (nucleus) and electrons are in good agreement with the experimental findings. Moreover, our experimental data clearly demonstrate the importance of including the generalized Breit interaction in the treatment of the EIE process.

[Cervical adenocarcinoma as a rare cause of vaginal bleeding in a young woman]. / El adenocarcinoma de cérvix como causa infrecuente de sangrado vaginal en la mujer joven.

Cervical adenocarcinoma is a less frequent variant than squamous carcinoma. The incidence of cervical adenocarcinoma has been increasing over the last several years. Villoglandular papillary adenocarcinoma usually affects young women and generally has a good prognosis. The treatment of this adenocarcinoma is surgical, with conisation being sufficient in localised cases, but a hysterectomy is often necessary to try and preserve the ovaries and maintain endocrine function.

El adenocarcinoma de cérvix como causa infrecuente de sangrado vaginal en la mujer joven / Cervical adenocarcinoma as a rare cause of vaginal bleeding in a young woman

El adenocarcinoma de cérvix es una variedad mucho menos frecuente que el carcinoma epidermoide. En los últimos años parece observarse un incremento en la frecuencia de este tipo de tumor. La variedad villopapilar suele afectar a mujeres jóvenes presentando generalmente un buen pronóstico. Su tratamiento es principalmente quirúrgico, en casos localizados es suficiente la conización pero frecuentemente ha de recurrirse a la histerectomía tratando de conservar anejos para preservar la función endocrina (AU)

Cervical adenocarcinoma is a less frequent variant than squamous carcinoma. The incidence of cervical adenocarcinoma has been increasing over the last several years. Villoglandular papillary adenocarcinoma usually affects young women and generally has a good prognosis. The treatment of this adenocarcinoma is surgical, with conisation being sufficient in localised cases, but a hysterectomy is often necessary to try and preserve the ovaries and maintain endocrine function (AU)

Role of HLA-DRB1 and PTPN22 genes in susceptibility to juvenile idiopathic arthritis in Hungarian patients.

OBJECTIVE: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a complex immune-mediated disease characterized by environmental influences along with several predisposing genes in the pathogenesis. The present study was undertaken to investigate the association of polymorphisms in two candidate genes for autoimmunity, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DRB1 and protein tyrosine phosphatase N22 (PTPN22) with JIA in Hungarian patients. METHODS: A case-control study including 150 Hungarian JIA patients and 200 sex and ethnically matched healthy controls was conducted. Genotyping for HLA-DRB1 and PTPN22 C1858T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (rs2476601) was carried out by group-specific PCR amplification and by real-time PCR allelic discrimination, respectively. RESULTS: In Hungarian patients JIA was associated with HLA-DRB1*01, DRB1*08, DRB1*13 (p=0.048, p=0.002, p=0.019, respectively) with marked differences between the disease subtypes classified according to the ILAR criteria. There was no association of the PTPN22 C1858T SNP with JIA (p=0.66). No correlation was found between the presence of this PTPN22 SNP and HLA-DRB1 alleles. CONCLUSIONS: Our results confirm that certain HLA-DRB1 alleles reported previously as susceptibility factors are strongly associated with JIA in a Hungarian population. However, C1858T polymorphism of PTPN22, another candidate gene of autoimmunity seems to be independent of JIA in Hungarian patients. Our data taken together with various findings in different populations suggest that associations related to PTPN22 seem to be more ethnicity-specific in contrast to the general and less population-dependent role of HLA-DRB1 in JIA.

National registry of patients with juvenile idiopathic inflammatory myopathies in Hungary--clinical characteristics and disease course of 44 patients with juvenile dermatomyositis.

Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) are systemic autoimmune diseases characterized by chronic muscle inflammation resulting in progressive weakness and frequent involvement of internal organs, mainly the pulmonary, gastrointestinal and cardiac systems which considerably contribute to the morbidity and mortality of the IIMs. Aim of this study was to present clinical characteristics, disease course, frequency of relapses and survival in patients with juvenile dermatomyositis (DM). A national registry of patients with juvenile IIMs was elaborated by the authors in Hungary. We have summarized data of the register according to signs and symptoms, disease course, frequency of relapses and survival of patients with juvenile IIM. Analysis was performed using data of 44 patients with juvenile DM diagnosed between 1976 and 2004 according to Bohan and Peter's criteria. Survival probability was calculated by Kaplan-Meier method. Data of patients with juvenile DM were compared with data of 66 patients with adult DM. The most frequent cutaneous features were facial erythema and heliotrope rash. Extramuscular and extraskeletal manifestations of the disease were more frequent in adult patients. The most common extramuscular feature was arthralgia in both groups of patients with juvenile or adult DM. Cardiac manifestation of the disease was not observed in juvenile patients. Respiratory muscle involvement and interstitial lung disease (ILD) were more frequent among adult DM patients than cardiac manifestation of the myositis. In view of the disease course, the authors found that frequency of polycyclic and monophasic subtypes of the disease were mainly similar. The hazard of relapse was found higher during the first year after the remission. None of the juvenile patients died. Among adult patients four disease-specific deaths occurred. There was no correlation between relapse free survival and initial therapeutic regimen. Many of our patients had polycyclic or chronic disease. As relapses can occur after a prolonged disease-free interval, patients should be followed up for at least 2 years. Although we found favourable survival probability, further investigations are needed to assess functional outcome.

The Hungarian version of the Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ) and the Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ).

We report herein the results of the cross-cultural adaptation and validation into the Hungarian language of the parent's version of two health related quality of life instruments. The Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ) is a disease specific health instrument that measures functional ability in daily living activities in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). The Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ) is a generic health instrument designed to capture the physical and psychosocial well-being of children independently from the underlying disease. The Hungarian CHAQ CHQ were fully validated with 3 forward and 3 backward translations. A total of 127 subjects were enrolled: 67 patients with JIA (13.5% systemic onset, 42% polyarticular onset, 13.5% extended oligoarticular subtype, and 31% persistent oligoarticular subtype) and 60 healthy children. The CHAQ clinically discriminated between healthy subjects and JIA patients, with the systemic, polyarticular and extended oligoarticular subtypes having a higher degree of disability, pain, and a lower overall well-being when compared to their healthy peers. Also the CHQ clinically discriminated between healthy subjects and JIA patients, with the systemic onset, polyarticular onset and extended oligoarticular subtypes having a lower physical and psychosocial well-being when compared to their healthy peers. In conclusion the Hungarian version of the CHAQ-CHQ is a reliable, and valid tool for the functional, physical and psychosocial assessment of children with JIA.

[Various clinical patterns of relapsing polychondritis in six cases]. / Polychondritis recidivans sokszínú klinikai megjelenése hat eset kapcsán.

Relapsing polychondritis is a relatively rare disease characterized by episodic inflammation and progressive destruction of cartilage involving ears, nasal and laryngotracheal cartilage, cardiovascular system and the eyes. The increasing awareness of its clinically distinct has resulted in recognition of at least 550 reported cases. Six cases are reported to demonstrate the wide variety of clinical pattern. The most common features of the disease are auricular and nasal cartilage inflammation and nondeforming arthritis. Ocular symptoms and vasculitis is relatively rare. Two cases of relapsing polychondritis with laryngotracheobronchial manifestations illustrate the severe clinical features of the disease. Relapsing polychondritis may associate with diverse forms of connective tissue disease, such as rheumatoid arthritis. It seems interesting to note the onset in childhood. Treatment has been primarily symptomatic. In situations of mild symptoms, initial treatment is with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. For cases with serious manifestation, corticosteroids and immunosuppressants are indicated.

[Disseminated histiocytosis X in an adult patient]. / Disszeminált histiocytosis X felnöttkori esete.

Patient was a 69 year old white female who presented with diffuse brownish-reddish and normal skin colored nodules of a diameter ranging from 0.5-4 cm. Histologic examination showed histiocytosis X. Despite the retinoid-PUVA, and combination of glucocorticoid and chemotherapy the disease progressed and in 8 months after the appearance of the skin lesions the patient expired. The authors briefly summarise the clinical, histological features of histiocytosis X and the therapeutic possibilities.

[Laparoscopic cholecystectomy during the 25th week of pregnancy]. / Laparoscopos cholecystectomia 25 hetes terhességben.

The authors made a laparoscopic cholecystectomy on a woman in the 25th week of pregnancy in tocolytic defence at the surgical department of St. Imre Hospital, Budapest. The patient was emitted from hospital without any changes in obstetric status and without complaints after an obstetric status and without complaints after an undisturbed operation and postoperative period. The applied method was already published in Hungary.

Wegener's granulomatosis exhibiting the clinical features of Goodpasture's syndrome.

A case is reported here, the clinical features of which raised the suspicion of Goodpasture's syndrome which was, however, at variance with the absence of antiglomerular basement membrane antibodies. Renal failure improved on immunosuppressive treatment and peritoneal dialysis, but the patient died of gastric haemorrhage from a peptic ulcer related to steroid treatment. Necropsy and microscopic study revealed abnormalities of liver and spleen, consistent with Wegener's granulomatosis. Immunohistologic studies of the kidney confirmed the presence of granular-type IgG deposits in the glomeruli. There were extensive fibrin deposits in the kidney. The ways and means for the differentiation of Wegener's granulomatosis from Goodpasture's syndrome, the potential pathogenetic role of immunocomplexes and fibrin deposits, and the therapeutic possibilities are discussed.

Tissue pH in the assessment of ischaemic muscle damage.

Measurement in vivo of the pH of superficial muscles of dogs was found suitable for the assessment of the severity of ischaemic muscle damage and for the detection of irreversible lesions.

[Experience in the treatment of peripheral vascular injuries]. / Perifériás érsérülések kezelésében szerzett tapasztalataink.

The authors report the results of the treatment of injuries to the peripheral blood vessels that were observed at the Semmelweis OTE in 16 years. As a result of primary operative treatment the peripheral pulse returned to the injured limb in 10 cases. A quick diagnosis and instant reconstructive surgery is absolutely necessary. Mistakes and complications in the treatment are listed in this paper, based on the own experiences of the authors. The authors stress that these complications should be recognized in time and be treated properly.

Bilateral testicular tumours.

After discussing the frequency of bilateral testicular tumours, attention is drawn to their rising incidence. In the 10 year period 1967 to 1976, three patients with bilateral testicular tumour were treated at the Department of Urology of the University Medical School of Pécs. Two had successively appearing bilateral seminoma and embryonal carcinoma, in the third patient simultaneously a malignant lymphoma appeared. As regards the question whether bilateral testicular tumours are two independent primary tumours or one is a metastastatic growth, presence of two primary tumours is assumed. The special features of therapy and prognosis are discussed.

[Role of bacterial endotoxins in the tourniquet shock in rats]. / Die Rolle der bakteriellen Endotoxine beim Tourniquet-Schock der Ratte.

By means of the lead acetate endotoxin sensitising method it was possible to demonstrate the development of endotoxaemia in tourniquet ischaemia of rats. The lethality of shock was greatly reduced by retreatment with radio-detoxified endotoxin (Tolerin). Prelinary liquidation of the Gram-negative enceroflora caused a similar reduction of lethality. On the basis of the results endotoxaemia of intestinal origin triggered by the vasoactive substances liberated during ischaemia and reaching the circulation are considered of importance in the pathogenesis of tourniquet shock.

Effects of apomorphine combined with chlorpromazine and pimozide on the estrous cycle in rats.

Chlorpromazine (CPZ) a neuroleptic which has both antiadrenergic and antidopaminergic activity when administered in doses of 5 to 25 mg/kg s.c. inhibited ovulation and induced pseudopregnancy. Pimozide which possesses only an antidopaminergic action induced only pseudopregnancy (in doses between 0.05-10 mg/kg s.c.). Apomorphine (APO), a dopaminergic agonist, prevented the pseudopregnant effect of both neuroleptics, especially of CPZ, but failed to counteract the ovulation-blocking action of CPZ. APO itself had an antiovulatory action, but only in large doses (above 5 mg/kg s.c.), and only in a few animals. Our data plead for the importance of dopaminergic mechanisms in the inhibition of prolactin secretion (by means of PIF) and for the stimulatory role of adrenergic transmission in the ovulation process (by means of LRF). These results fail to support the proposed stimulatory role of dopamine on the LRF secretion. On the contrary, they do not exclude the possibility of its inhibitory action.