RESUMO
Upon antibiotic stress Gram-negative pathogens deploy resistance-nodulation-cell division-type tripartite efflux pumps. These include a H+/drug antiporter module that recognizes structurally diverse substances, including antibiotics. Here, we show the 3.5 Å structure of subunit AdeB from the Acinetobacter baumannii AdeABC efflux pump solved by single-particle cryo-electron microscopy. The AdeB trimer adopts mainly a resting state with all protomers in a conformation devoid of transport channels or antibiotic binding sites. However, 10% of the protomers adopt a state where three transport channels lead to the closed substrate (deep) binding pocket. A comparison between drug binding of AdeB and Escherichia coli AcrB is made via activity analysis of 20 AdeB variants, selected on basis of side chain interactions with antibiotics observed in the AcrB periplasmic domain X-ray co-structures with fusidic acid (2.3 Å), doxycycline (2.1 Å) and levofloxacin (2.7 Å). AdeABC, compared to AcrAB-TolC, confers higher resistance to E. coli towards polyaromatic compounds and lower resistance towards antibiotic compounds.
Assuntos
Acinetobacter baumannii/metabolismo , Proteínas de Bactérias/química , Proteínas de Escherichia coli/química , Escherichia coli/metabolismo , Proteínas de Membrana Transportadoras/química , Proteínas Associadas à Resistência a Múltiplos Medicamentos/química , Antibacterianos , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Antiporters , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Proteínas de Bactérias/metabolismo , Sítios de Ligação , Microscopia Crioeletrônica , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana , Proteínas de Escherichia coli/genética , Proteínas de Escherichia coli/metabolismo , Proteínas de Membrana Transportadoras/genética , Proteínas de Membrana Transportadoras/metabolismo , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Proteínas Associadas à Resistência a Múltiplos Medicamentos/genética , Proteínas Associadas à Resistência a Múltiplos Medicamentos/metabolismo , Preparações Farmacêuticas , Conformação ProteicaRESUMO
Gram-negative bacteria export a large variety of antimicrobial compounds by forming two-membrane spanning tripartite multidrug efflux systems composed of an inner membrane transporter, an outer membrane channel and a periplasmic adaptor protein. Here we present the co-expression, purification and first electron microscopy insights of the Escherichia coli EmrAB-TolC tripartite Major Facilitator Superfamily (MSF) efflux system as a whole complex stabilized by Amphipol polymer. The structure reveals a 33 nm long complex delineated by the Amphipol belt at both extremities. Comparison of projection structures of EmrAB-TolC and AcrAB-TolC indicates that the outer membrane protein TolC linked to the periplasmic adaptor EmrA protein form an extended periplasmic canal. The overall length of EmrAB-TolC complex is similar to that of AcrAB-TolC with a probable tip-to-tip interaction between EmrA and TolC unveiling how the adaptor protein connects TolC and EmrB embedded in the inner membrane.
