Range-reference determination of lymphocyte subsets in Moroccan blood donors.

BACKGROUND: Information on lymphocyte populations (T, B, and Natural killer cells) and subpopulations (CD4 and CD8) in Morocco is scarce if not inexistent. OBJECTIVE: To establish a reference value of these cells in 242 Moroccan young adult blood donors by flow cytometry. RESULTS: Smokers had significantly higher total leukocyte count (p < 0.001), total lymphocyte count (p < 0.0001) and higher CD3+CD4+ cells (p < 0.0001). The percentage of CD3-CD56+ subsets was affected by smoking (p < 0.01). Our analysis positively correlate with previous observations of an increase of absolute CD4+ T cells, with no changes in other lymphocyte subset cells in smokers. The lymphocyte subpopulation distributions for all antigens were found to be similar to those reported in Saudi and Italian adults, while higher levels were reported for the same gender in other countries, especially Ghana and Kuwait. CONCLUSION: The international classification standards of the HIV-infected subjects according to their rates of CD4 are applicable to the present study's population.

[Factors predictive of good motivation to quit smoking among Moroccan smokers attending a lung disease outpatient clinic in 2008]. / Les facteurs prédictifs de la bonne motivation de cesser de fumer chez les fumeurs marocains consultant pour une symptomatologie pulmonaire en 2008.

BACKGROUND: Motivations for cessation of smoking should be studied to determine which factors have an impact. Educational messages can then be developed to help smokers become more successful in adopting healthy behavior. The objective of our work was to determine the factors influencing the quality of motivation for smoking cessation among patients attending a lung disease clinic. METHODS: Between March and June 2008, patients attending the outpatient clinical of the Moulay Youssef Hospital Department of Pneumology in Rabat were studied. Data on the smoking status and motivation to stop smoking (Richmond's test) were collected using a standardized questionnaire. A logistic regression model was developed to analyze the quality of their motivation to quit smoking. RESULTS: The median age for smoking the first cigarette was low (<20 years); pharmacological dependence on nicotine was low (Fagerström score<8 in 71.8%). More than a third of patients (36.6%) had already intended to cease smoking. According to the Richmond test, only 46.0% were well motivated (score>or=8). At multivariate analysis, factors predictive of a good motivation to quit smoking were a previous attempt to stop smoking (OR=5.4 [2.5-11.7]), severe disease (OR=3.7 [1.6-8.2]). Beginning the tobacco addiction before the age of 18 years was predictive of poor motivation (OR=2.7 [1.4-5.3]). CONCLUSION: Our investigation provides evidence in favor of searching for different factors which might affect motivation to stop smoking among patients seeking care in a lung disease clinic. Lung specialists, who manage the large majority of these patients should be particularly active in this area.

[Mycotic aneurysm of the abdominal aortic due to Salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis: a case report]. / Anévrisme mycotique de l'aorte abdominale à Salmonella enterica sérotype enteritidis: à propos d'un cas.

Bacteraemia due to non Typhi Salmonella is frequent in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV infected patients). Focal vascular complications especially in patients with artheriosclerosis are rarely reported. We report the case of patient who presented a mycotic aneurysm of the abdominal aortic due to Salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis. Despite the chirurgical treatment associated with antibiotherapy, the patient evolution was fatal.

[Bacteriological aspects of osteitis in a university hospital]. / Les aspects bactériologiques des ostéites dans un hôpital universitaire.

INTRODUCTION: The aim, of our retrospective study, was to determine the epidemiological and susceptibility profile of bacterial osteitis isolates in the Rabat Mohammed V Military Hospital, to optimize the probabilistic antibiotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A study was made from August 2004 to December 2005. All the positive specimen for the etiologic diagnosis of osteitis and osteoarthritis were included. RESULTS: During this period, 85 osteitis cases were documented. 123 isolates were collected. 31 cases of osteitis allowed for the isolation of at least 2 bacteria (36.5%). The Gram positive cocci rate was 54.5%, the Gram negative bacilli rate 39.8%, and the Gram positive bacilli rate 5.7%. The distribution by groups was staphylococcus spp 46.4%, enterobacteriaceae 25.2% and non-fermenting Gram negative bacilli 12.9%. The most frequently isolated species were Staphylococcus aureus (23,6%) followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8.9%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (5.7%). All the S. aureus isolates were susceptible to oxacillin and 30.8% of the coagulase negative staphylococci were resistant. The enterobacteriaceae resistance rates were 64.5% for clavulanic acid-amoxicillin and 16% for third generation cephalosporin and ciprofloxacin. The non-fermenting Gram negative bacilli resistance rate was 37.5% for ceftazidim, 62.5% for ticarcillin, and 12.5% for imipenem. CONCLUSION: Our results show the potential efficient therapy for community osteitis, using the traditional association: methicillin-aminosides and oral relay with fluoroquinolones. In nosocomial osteitis, the antibiotherapy must be modulated according to the identification and an antibiogram.

[Pseudomonas stutzeri osteitis: A case study]. / Ostéite à Pseudomonas stutzeri à propos d'un cas.

We report a case of osteitis in a 46-year-old patient, caused by Pseudomonas stutzeri following an open fracture of the left femur. The patient was treated with 1g ceftazidime every 8 hours for two weeks combined with 160 mg/day of amikacin for 10 days. A second-line ofloxacin oral treatment at 400 mg/day was then given during 4 weeks. Surgical treatment consisted in debridement of the fracture region. Sterilization of the fracture region led to an osteosynthesis by blade plate and bone graft. The result was favorable.